首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
  总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
This paper reports the classification of ENSO into seven categories according to annual (March to February of next year) mean SST of Ni(n)o 3.4 and composite index (ΔI) for the period of 1861~2000. Categories +3, +2, and +1 denote very strong, strong and weak warm episodes (E), -3, -2, and -1 mean very strong, strong and weak cold episodes (A). Absolute SST anomalies are about 1.5 ℃, 1.0 ℃ and 0.5 ℃ respectively for the categories 3, 2, and 1 (or -3, -2, and -1). The normal years are expressed as category 0. Annual categories of ENSO are estimated on the basis of proxy data from AD 1501 to 1860. And a series of ENSO category is established for the period of 1501~2000 in conjunction with the observational data. Comparison of proxy data with observations for 1874~1973 indicates that about 80% of the El Ni(n)o years and La Ni(n)a years can be reconstructed from proxy data, and the reliability of the reconstruction is verified. Analysis of the power spectrum of the reconstructed ENSO series shows significant peaks at QBO, 3~4a (year), 5~6a, and 10a period, the former three are in accordance with the observations for the last 100 years or more. Studies on long term variability of ENSO indicates that ENSO frequency is relatively stationary during the last 500 years, including the Little Ice Age (LIA) (1550~1850) and Modern Warming Period (the 20th century). However, the frequency of E is a little higher in the 20th century and that of A is somewhat higher during the LIA.  相似文献   

2.
In the global carbon cycle studies, terrestrial ecosys- tem has become one of the greatest uncertain ecosystems in the current carbon cycle studies owing to the complex- ity of its underlying surface and intense disturbance of anthropogenic activities[1], hence depth studies of it serveas a key in seeking for the “missing carbon sinks” of at-mosphere. In the terrestrial ecosystem, soil organic carbonreservoir is an important component of carbon reservoir inthe system, its carbon …  相似文献   

3.
  总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Microbial crusts are attracting much interest in view of their possible uses in environmental conservation and ecological restoration of the arid and semiarid regions.Because algae play an irreplaceable important role in the early formation and the strengthening of microbial crusts,they are paid much more attention to than other cryptogams.In this paper,an overview of the current knowledge on the fine structure and development of microbial crust,focusing on the algal biomass,vertical distribution,succession,influential factors on algae,cohesion of soil stabilization,cementing mechanism for soil particles and the microalgal extracellular polymers is given,with particular emphasis on the authors' researches,and some prospects are put forward as well.  相似文献   

4.
中国干旱半干旱地区地理环境建设战略意义初探   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
根据我国干旱半干旱区的地理位置和基本自然条件,论述了该区域自然环境稳定性差、气候旱化趋势强、资源与环境协调性差和有效环境容量小等特征,指出该区域对我国地理环境的影响;由此认为加强我国干旱半干旱区地理环境建设,不仅对该区域而且对全国的可持续发展均具有重要的战略意义,并提出进行地理环境建设的基本措施.  相似文献   

5.
干旱半干旱地区土壤矿物组成特征及其环境意义   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
对处于干旱、半干旱地区的甘肃省15个地点的灰钙土、栗钙土、黑垆土、灰褐土和黄绵土等不同类型土壤剖面进行了机械组成分析、矿物组成显微鉴定和粘土矿物X射线衍射分析.结果表明:土壤机械组成以粉砂为主,粘粒次之;栗钙土、灰钙土、黑钙土和灰褐土等于旱地区典型土壤中表层的粘粒质量分数相对较低,土壤原生矿物组成以石英为主,绿帘石等蚀变矿物质量分数较高,次生矿物含有较高的石膏和方解石等;粘土矿物主要为伊利石、绿泥石、高岭石和蒙脱石.土壤机械组成、矿物组成和粘土矿物组成表明:干旱、半干旱地区土壤为黄土母质,土壤形成条件为碱性环境、较弱的淋滤作用和干冷气候,近代强烈的风蚀作用(或沙尘暴)和大气污染对土壤有一定程度的改造.  相似文献   

6.
中国干旱半干旱区地理信息资源开发利用初探   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
干旱半干旱区有着丰富的地理信息资源,信息社会的到来和市场经济的发展,为地理信息资源的开发利用提供了机遇和条件,科学技术的高速发展也使地理信息资源的开发利用具有了新的技术手段.结合本地区的特点,阐述了干旱半干旱区地理信息资源的特征,提出了合理开发地理信息资源的有效途径  相似文献   

7.
通过对地表处向下短波辐射、向上短波辐射、向下长波辐射和 向上长波辐射通量的4个能量收支分量的参数化, 利用多个MODIS 陆地和大气产品, 给出一个不需要地面观测气象数据, 仅用卫星遥感数据来计算晴空条件下干旱与半干旱地表上的净辐射通量计算方案。方案计算了2003 年7?10 月、2004 年 7?11 月及 2005 年 6?10月期间退化草地 89 个晴空数据和农田85个晴空数据, 与地面观测数据对比表明方案能有效计算净辐射通量, 均方根误差达到 47. 5 和49. 2 W/m2, 优于国内外同类研究的精度。  相似文献   

8.
家谱,作为族群文化的载体,蕴涵着正史方志中所没有的无可替代的大量文献资料,镇江现存的几部名人家谱,为研究名城历史文化提供了弥足珍贵的第一手资料.  相似文献   

9.
我国古代的桃文献史料相当丰富。当代的桃文化研究专著较少,而综合或专题的研究论文中,从古典文学角度研究的较多,从植物和花卉角度研究的则较少。桃在民俗、宗教、文学、社会学、园林、艺术等方面蕴含着丰富的意义。因此应从多角度进行研究。  相似文献   

10.
  总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Whether climatic changes in high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere since the last glaciation have effects on the Tibetan Plateau monsoon, and the variation characteristics of the Plateau monsoon itself are still not solved but of great significance. The 22-m high-resolution Ioess-paleosol sequence in the Hezuo Basin on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau demonstrates that the Plateau winter monsoon experienced a millennial variation similar to high latitude Northern Hemisphere, with cold events clearly correlated with Heinrich events but less for the warm events (Dansgarrd-Oeschger events). It may indicate that the climate system at high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere had played an important role in both the Plateau monsoon and the high-level westerlies. On 10^4 year scale, there are two distinct anomalous changes, which are not found in the records from high latitude northern hemisphere, revealed by the loess grain size in the Hezuo Basin. One is that there was a considerable grain size increase at -36 kaBP, suggesting an abrupt enhancement of the Plateau winter monsoon at that time; the other is that, during 43--36 kaBP, the grain size decreased distinctly, indicating a notable weakening of the Plateau winter monsoon around that period. Both of the two anomalies suggest that the Tibetan climate may have been controlled by some other factors, besides the high latitude climatic changes in the Northern Hemisphere.  相似文献   

11.
西湖风俗刍议:以香市、放生、祈梦为例   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在对西湖风俗史料全面回顾和梳理的基础上,就其中的“西湖香市”、“佛诞放生”、“于祠祈梦”三个个案进行初步解析,认为当前许多传统风俗正在发生一系列嬗变;在对传统风俗全面调查、深刻理解的前提下,积极稳妥地推进移风易俗,已经刻不容缓地提到了当前的议事日程上来。  相似文献   

12.
要以马克思主义为指导,总览我军政治工作的时间洪流,清晰、准确地观察历史主流和构成这一主流的每一个支流。在分析和评价某一军队政治工作历史文献对于特定的历史时段的部队指战员具有何种影响时,要把对文献的价值判断置于对历史的事实判断中。要注意处于不同历史阶段的革命军人军事实践活动选择的多样性,这种多样性有助于帮助军人开阔思路,以多样化的手段促进军人军事实践活动的健康发展。要反对把军队政治工作历史文献作为各种精神的或意识的想象史,要根据事物的客观性和规律性进行理论研究,注重劳动人民的生产活动和革命军人的军事实践活动,注重总结历史经验,注重理论对实践的指导和超越,为当前我军信息化条件下军事训练服务,为战斗力生成服务。  相似文献   

13.
《平顶山学院学报》2016,(3):108-112
从空想社会主义诞生至今已有五百年,其分期的划分是研究社会主义的基本问题。划分的标准不同,在一定历史阶段下社会主义呈现的特征与中心内容也就有所不同。在工业科技发展视角下,可以将社会主义五百年的历史分为四个时期。从早期的简单协作手工业到机械工业阶段,空想社会主义产生和发展起来;随着机器大工业的发展,科学社会主义诞生并进行实践;第三次科技革命推动了生产力空前进步,社会主义事业也蓬勃发展,但后来遭受严重挫折;新科技革命和知识经济的发展,中国抓住机遇,开创出中国特色社会主义新局面。  相似文献   

14.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
There have been significant variations in wind activity over the past five decades in arid and semiarid areas in China. High wind activity occurred from the 1960s to the 1970s, but wind activity has decreased continuously from the 1980s to the present; as a result, the potential sand transport during the latter period was only 20%-50% of the values during the 1960s and 1970s. Phases of high wind activity were highly consistent with the trends in desertification over the past five decades in arid and semiarid areas in China, but spring precipitation was also a significant factor: rapid desertification during the 1960s and 1970s was due to high wind activity, generally combining with low spring precipitation; subsequent rehabilitation since the 1980s has resulted from the combined effects of low wind activity and higher spring precipitation. Therefore, although modern desertification and rehabilitation processes are being more or less affected by human activities, both processes appear to be more strongly controlled by climate change.  相似文献   

15.
汾河下游三万年来沉积环境演化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据汾河下游岩性特征、沉积物粒度、粘土矿物和孢粉分析,探讨了汾河下游3万年来环境演化规律。30-11Ka.B.P为晚更新世末次冰期盛冰期,气修干寒;11Ka以来,经历了3个气候旋回,变化周期为3.5Ka左右,黄河中游早期文明起源及人类生产活动,与本区气候关系有很好的耦合性。  相似文献   

16.
    
《科学通报(英文版)》1990,35(4):300-300
  相似文献   

17.
红河流域降水量的时空变异特征   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
 利用红河流域52个观测站的43a日降水资料,针对年、湿季和干季降水量和降水倾向率等统计量,采用ArcMap的反距离加权插值法进行插值与分类处理,生成了红河流域年、湿季和干季降水量的空间分布图,实现了气候趋势特征指数的空间化处理.对红河流域年、湿季和干季降水量等的时空分异特性进行综合分析得出:43a来,红河流域年降水呈现上升趋势,空间上主要表现为除了元江干流中下游、盘龙河北部和东北部有下降趋势外,其它地区都呈上升趋势;湿季和干季间降水量变化趋势差异较大,相对于年降水量空间分布而言,湿季具有下降趋势的地区扩大到整个流域中部,而干季降水量在整个流域几乎都呈上升的趋势;因出现在干季降水量有所增加,而在雨季的降雨量有所减少,因而降低了干旱和洪灾的发生机率.  相似文献   

18.
本文探讨了汾河下游3万年来环境变迁的发展过程,运用多种分析方法和研究手段,提出了本区的气候分期和文化分期,根据环境变迁的5个特征和3万年气候变化规律,预测未来百年内环境还将继续向着变暖的方向发展,升温幅度约为每10年,0.2度-0.5度,到本世纪末将偏暖3-4度。  相似文献   

19.
铌微合金化控冷工艺生产HRB500抗震钢筋强韧化机理   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用 Nb微合金化和控冷工艺开发HRB500抗震钢筋,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X线衍射仪及拉力试验机对钢筋取样金相显微组织、析出相、力学性能及强韧化机理进行分析研究。研究结果表明: 采用Nb微合金化和控轧控冷工艺生产HRB500抗震钢筋,最主要的强化机制为细晶强化,其对强度贡献超过40%;采用该工艺,钢筋铁素体晶粒度达11.0级以上,晶粒细化效果明显;铁素体基体、晶界及位错线上形成和分布着尺寸为10~20 nm的大量细小弥散的Nb(CN)析出相,起到了较好的沉淀强化及细化晶粒作用;晶粒细化使冲击转折温度下降150 ℃,使钢筋在获得较高强度的同时,仍具有较好的塑韧性。  相似文献   

20.
基于云南省1961-2010年0.25°×0.25°的逐日气象格点数据,包括日平均温度、日最高温度、日最低温度以及日降水量,通过STARDEX Diagnostic Extremes Indices Software计算出57个极端气候指数,并选取其中的7项主要极端降水指数,运用Mann-Kenddall秩次检验方法和Arcgis 10.1进行空间制图比较分析云南省极端降水在时空上的变化特征.结果表明:云南省日降水量强度和较强降水阈值、最大5日降水量、湿日平均降水量的空间分布由南向北逐渐减少,表现出非常显著的空间差异;滇西、滇西南及滇南边沿地区日降水量强度、较强降水阈值、最大5日降水量和湿日平均降水量均达到云南省较大值,较强降水日数也较多,最长连续干日数较短,而滇西北东南部地区日降水量强度、较强降水阈值、最大5日降水量和湿日平均降水量均为云南省最低值,较强降水日数最少,最长连续干日数较长;总体来看,近50年来云南省日降水量强度在大部分地区呈不明显的下降趋势.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号