压缩感知图像的块子带自适应稀疏表示规则化重构

针对自然图像信号的非平稳特性和不同图像块的变换域系数的分布差异较大, 基于分块图像子带自适应 稀疏表示规则化,提出了一种新的压缩感知图像重构方法．先利用非局部相似块组估计每个分块图像变换域各子 带系数的均值和标准差,再将图像块各子带系数进行去均值并关于标准差归一化, 最后将去均值归一化处理的子 带系数的l₁范数表示用于规则化压缩感知重构．由于块子带自适应稀疏表示更加合理地表达了稀疏系数的重要 性,使得重构图像能够更好地保留纹理、边缘等细节信息．大量的实验结果表明: 相比组稀疏表示的压缩感知重构 算法,该方法重构图像的峰值信噪比平均提高了0.69 dB．     

基于变分稀疏贝叶斯学习的频谱检测方法

为了降低对宽带信号进行压缩频谱感知的复杂度,提出了一种基于变分稀疏贝叶斯学习的频谱检测方法.该算法直接利用压缩测量值对授权用户的位置、个数以及功率传播图进行了估计,在先验知识未知的情况下,利用变分稀疏贝叶斯求解稀疏权值.而且用简单函数因子逼近的方法降低了边缘似然函数的计算难度.实验结果表明:该方法在感知精度和速度上有显著提高.     

方向提升小波变换域稀疏滤波的自然图像贝叶斯压缩感知

针对压缩感知(CS)重构算法在实际应用中自然图像的小波变换系数往往无法稀疏的问题,提出了一种方向提升小波变换(DLWT)域稀疏滤波的自然图像贝叶斯压缩感知算法(DLWT-SFTSW-BCS)。首先对自然图像进行方向提升小波变换得到小波变换系数;然后在随机测量之前利用稀疏滤波切除小系数,消除了小系数对大系数重构时的混叠干扰;最后结合小波树结构的贝叶斯压缩感知重构算法得到自然图像的重构图像。实验结果表明,与仅利用尺度间相关性的小波树结构的压缩感知重构算法相比,DLWT-SF-TSW-BCS算法的重构峰值信噪比最大可提高10dB。     

非参数回归模型基于残差的样条估计

为了探究固定设计下具有 α-混合相依误差的非参数回归模型的估计理论,基于多样式样条方法对均值函数进行了估计,利用残差构造了方差函数的样条估计.在一般假设条件下,均值函数估计量和方差函数估计量具有相同的一致收敛速度.数值模拟结果显示:基于贝叶斯信息准则下的样条估计优于赤池信息准则下的样条估计和局部线性估计.     

模式耦合稀疏贝叶斯MIMO雷达成像

通过压缩感知稀疏恢复理论可利用少量MIMO雷达收发阵元实现对目标的高分辨成像。利用MIMO雷达目标图像的块稀疏特性,将模式耦合稀疏贝叶斯学习算法应用于MIMO雷达成像,首先建立MIMO面阵回波信号模型,引入模式耦合稀疏贝叶斯分层模型,将相邻系数通过共用超参数的方法耦合起来。通过贝叶斯推理得到雷达信号的估计式,再通过EM算法实现对超参数的迭代估计,进而实现对雷达信号的估计,直到信号满足误差允许范围,最后重构信号实现MIMO阵列高分辨成像。仿真实验表明,该方法的成像效果在图像的聚焦性能上优于传统的傅里叶、稀疏贝叶斯算法,在散射点重构上优于OMP算法。     

基于多任务贝叶斯压缩感知的宽带频谱检测

针对认知无线网络中主用户信号在空频域的稀疏性,基于贝叶斯压缩感知(BCS)的信号重构通过层次化贝叶斯分析分级先验模型获得稀疏信号估计.将贝叶斯压缩感知应用于认知无线电宽带压缩频谱检测,利用多认知用户感知信号的时空相关性实现在多用户多任务传输条件下的稀疏信号重构与宽带压缩频谱检测.研究了基于期望最大化算法和相关向量机模型的多任务BCS参数估计.仿真结果表明:相比于传统单任务BCS重构方法,多任务BCS在节点能耗与网络带宽受限的条件下,通过对估计参数的合理优化,在较低压缩比区域可实现重构均方误差的快速收敛,且检测性能随着任务数的增加而提高.当感知数据相关性从25%增加到75%,且任务数一定时,所提方法的重构观测数明显下降,宽带频谱检测性能显著提高.     

基于变分贝叶斯推理的高光谱图像恢复

提出一种基于变分贝叶斯推理的高光谱图像恢复方法.建立描述高斯噪声的最大似然函数项,采用小波基矩阵变换,构建小波变换后因子稀疏分布的先验函数;然后建立估计图像和相关超参数的联合后验概率估计模型,并通过变分贝叶斯推理得到估计的图像.利用实际的高光谱图像进行实验,从恢复的衡量指标和视觉效果图两方面验证所提出方法的有效性,结果优于目前常用的图像恢复方法.     

合成孔径雷达图像的贝叶斯压缩感知重构算法

针对目前合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像压缩感知重构算法没有充分利用小波系数相关性的缺点,提出了一种综合利用尺度间衰减性和尺度内方向能量聚集性的SAR图像贝叶斯压缩感知重构算法(DLWT-TDC)。首先采用方向提升小波变换(DLWT)对SAR图像进行稀疏表示,然后在3个高频子带中分别使用3×5、5×3、5×5邻域设计了具有方向和空间局部自适应的先验概率分布模型,最后利用马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗采样的贝叶斯推理恢复出图像的小波系数,进而得到重构图像。实验结果表明,DLWT-TDC算法在采样率为50%～90%下可以提高图像的重构性能,与仅利用尺度间相关性的小波树结构的压缩感知重构算法相比,在90%高采样率下的重构性能可提高3dB左右。     

基于小波变换的图像零树压缩感知方法

稀疏性是压缩感知的前提,然而,自然图像通常不是稀疏的,因此对图像直接应用压缩感知算法很难取得高压缩效率.针对图像信号,将编码思想融入压缩感知理论,提出一种简单有效的零树压缩感知方法.该方法先利用零树思想辅助压缩感知测量,在得到测量值的同时编码重要系数的位置;然后提出零树追踪重构算法,通过精确解码重要系数位置来重构原始图像小波系数,提高重构精度.实验结果表明,相比于现有匹配追踪算法和EZW算法,本文方法有更高的压缩比和更好的图像重构质量.     

结合随机投影和稀疏表示的图像融合方法

引入压缩感知理论解决基于稀疏表示的图像融合方法中融合质量和数据压缩问题,探索在达到一定融合质量的同时降低融合所需计算代价的方法.该方法首先利用随机投影对待融合图像数据进行压缩,再对压缩数据进行稀疏表示得到稀疏系数,根据融合影响因子确定融合稀疏表示系数获得融合图像.实验验证了该算法的合理性和有效性,及在较低压缩比下具有与传统方法可比拟的融合质量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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