直升机自转飞行的最大过载系数试飞验证

为了验证直升机自转飞行的最大过载系数,首先从直升机最大过载系数理论估算模型入手,分析最大过载系数的关键影响因素;其次,通过对模拟自转下滑和俯冲拉起试飞方法的研究,确定自转情况俯冲拉起的初始试验高度、自转进入速度以及纵向重心位置;最后,提出了一种自转情况俯冲拉起试飞方法并经飞行试验验证,结果表明:该方法能够验证直升机自转飞行的最大过载能力;获取的过载系数随拉杆量、旋翼转速的变化关系曲线与理论分析吻合.这对试飞工程师和试飞员理论、驾驶技术培训具有较高的科学研究和推广应用价值.     

直升机模拟自转下滑试飞技术研究

国外对于直升机自转下滑性能的研究已经较为成熟,并已经形成了系统的操作规程。我国国内虽然对于直升机自转下滑性能的研究并不是很多,但是也取得了一定的成果。该文对直升机自转下滑性能进行了理论分析,给出了自转下滑性能指标理论计算方法,并利用平飞试飞数据对自转下滑指标进行了理论计算,最后设计了模拟自转下滑试飞方法,对试验机进行了模拟自转下滑试飞,给出了模拟自转下滑试飞结果,符合理论计算结果。     

某型涡轴发动机试飞平台设计及试验验证

为了满足某型全数控涡轴发动机它机领先试飞的技术需求,在分析研究某型战术通用直升机电气、动力、燃油、环控等设计图纸基础上,并对照涡轴发动机全数控系统的装机特点,通过试飞平台建设总体方案论证、各系统方案详细设计及相关产品的研制、试验验证等环节,中国首次成功实现了在机械液压控制的直升机上搭建全数控涡轴发动机它机试飞平台.设计研究和试验验证表明,所设计的某型涡轴发动机试飞平台能够与被试发动机在起动电气控制、显示告警、发动机操纵等系统满足该型发动机的它机领先试飞要求,直升机旋翼负载与发动机功率匹配控制匹配良好,可为后续涡轴发动机型号它机试飞平台的建设提供直接技术支撑.     

民机试飞项目管理现状及新技术影响研究

民用飞机试飞是民机研制过程中最重要的环节之一,也是完成从理论到现实、从纸面到空间转换的重要程序。该文首先对民用飞机试飞项目内容和特点进行了详细分析和说明;其次针对WBS和并行工程在民用飞机试飞项目管理中的应用进行了深入分析和研究;最后对不断涌现的虚拟现实、综合仿真等新技术在民用飞机飞行试验过程中的应用,以及所产生的影响进行了分析,以期能够改进我国民机试飞项目管理工作程序和方法,对提高我国民机试飞项目管理水平有所帮助。     

基于立体视觉的直升机旋翼桨叶三维动态变形测量

针对直升机旋翼桨叶变形测量难度大的问题,构建了一种随旋翼旋转的立体相机系统;设计了一种快速精确组网测量旋翼桨叶变形量方案,提出了桨叶三维动态变形量测量方法。理论分析和仿真实验表明,提出的直升机桨叶摄像测量方法具有精度高、速度快、便携式特点,同时通过地面实验验证了该方法的可靠性和鲁棒性。在直升机定型试飞中,可以高速率、高精度获得直升机旋翼桨叶三维变形量和表面结构,具有较好的应用前景。     

直升机主、尾桨毂密封技术研究

通过搜集历年来主桨毂、尾桨毂漏油情况、修理状况及装机情况，确定漏油的部位，并针对漏油部位，认真分析设计图纸，找到了漏油的原因，制订改进方向及措施。通过不同胶料的浸油试验，确定了最终的改进方案。最后进行了新材料的试制及改进方案的试飞考核验证，最终解决了主、尾桨毂漏油的问题。     

基于多体动力学的直升机桨叶特性仿真分析

 针对无人直升机旋翼桨叶性能改进升级的实际需求,以200 kg 级无人机旋翼为原型建模,利用COMOSOL 软件对直升机桨叶特性进行仿真分析研究。基于叶素法建立了桨叶升力的数学模型,克服了常规旋翼动力学仿真分析时气动载荷加载棘手的难题;通过研究直升机桨叶的空间旋转运动与其弹性变形间的耦合关系,得出了桨叶攻角、升力、桨尖位移随总距以及周期变距的变化曲线。将仿真结果与常规数值分析结果比较,验证了仿真结果的准确性。根据仿真结果提出了对桨叶迎角、桨叶前缘刚度等的具体改进建议,可为桨叶的改进设计提供参考依据。     

美国大学生发明人力直升机

美国马里兰大学的学生们制造出了以脚踏板为动力的“人力直升机”,并使其成功升空至2．5米的高度。 这种直升机有4个巨大的机翼,以脚踏和手摇作为动力。驾驶员只要坐在驾驶座上,不断地手摇手柄、脚踩踏板,就可以使直升机升空。这架直升机经过改进,在成功上升至2．5米的高空后,缓缓降落至地面。这是有史以来“人力直升机”到达的最高高度。人类飞行史上,至今还未有试验成功的人力直升机,     

一种小型旋翼无人机平台的设计及飞行验证

研究了具有航拍和图像识别功能的旋翼无人机平台设计及工程实现方法。从直升机总体设计的理论出发,介绍了该旋翼无人机平台的设计及试飞验证过程。提出了总体方案及总体布局。在现有模型直升机的基础上,进行了旋翼与整机的匹配、球形云台的设计、动力系统的选择,及各种传感器的集成等方面的设计,并最终经过外场试飞实验验证设计的可行性。为进一步研究小型无人直升机提供了参考。     

民用运输类飞机最小操纵速度试飞对比研究

根据运输类飞机适航标准中CCAR25.149条最小操纵速度的型号合格审定试飞要求,对民用运输类飞机在适航取证过程中需要通过试飞验证的三种最小操纵速度考察的飞行阶段、试飞限制条件及要求、试飞方法等进行了对比分析研究,最后结合分析结果给出试飞计划安排。可供民用运输类飞机最小操纵速度适航试飞参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.