新型双机身鸭式布局无人机气动特性

优化载重性能的气动布局设计是当前无人机研究重要方向,为提高物资运载能力和结构性能,基于连接翼、双机身、鸭式布局设计,提出一种新型双机身鸭式布局无人机,采用FLUENT详细研究了两种飞行速度下的升阻特性、压力云图、涡量分布等。研究结果表明,双机身鸭式布局无人机具有较高的升阻性能,速度提高时,升力系数增加而阻力系数减小,速度由30 m/s增加到60 m/s时,最大升力系数增加7.6%,升阻比增加4.8%;从表面压力云图看,升力主要贡献为前机翼、鸭翼和后机翼,失速迎角前后,后机翼未受前机翼和鸭翼气流干扰,提高了无人机的失速特性;巡航迎角状态的涡量较弱,仅在翼梢及部件连接处出现,失速迎角前后,翼梢、部件连接处涡系增强,且产生了干扰,机翼表面趋于分离。     

无人机发动机高度补偿器研究

为解决无人机发动机高度特性,首次提出并研制出了应用在TILLOTSON膜片式化油器省油器上的高度补偿器,其结构轻巧并能自动调节,装机后使耗油量减少,从而使得巡航高度增加且留空时间增长;推导出了满足工程要求的补偿器截流量校核方法.大量飞行实验结果表明,改进后的化油器其结构合理,效果明显,较大程度缓和了巡航高度与续航时间的矛盾.     

基于自适应高斯-牛顿迭代三步延迟时空融合的无人机测高

针对无人机巡航测高过程中,采用单一传感器进行高度测量时受到环境干扰较大且精度较差,而现有多传感器融合方法精度较低的问题,提出一种基于自适应高斯-牛顿迭代三步延迟时空融合的无人机测高方法 .首先,将优化后的三步延迟时空融合算法作为第一层融合,有效避免了传感器出现故障所导致的测量误差;其次,采用加速度计对融合后的数据进行检测和辅助测高,将基于参数迭代的自适应高斯-牛顿滤波器作为第二层融合模型算法,可以在保证稳定性的前提下,提高无人机巡航或悬停时的精度.最后,采用实际高度测量数据进行实验.实验结果表明,与二步延迟融合方法比较,最大误差减小25.4%,均方根误差减小26.4%.同时,该测高方法简化了相关量测方程和状态量维数,降低了计算量,系统结构更加简洁,有利于实际应用.     

高原高空长航时太阳能无人机的初步研究

针对青藏高原地区对太阳能长航时无人机的需求,给出了低速大展弦太阳能无人机设计方案。该方案综合考虑无人机的任务载荷、长时巡航、能量的可靠性等方面,完成了无人机总体布局优化设计。在青藏高原4000m海拔高度完成试飞测试,在任务载荷为2.5kg时,无人机的相对飞行高度为4500m,巡航速度为75Km/h,飞行时间10h,抗风等级6级。测试结果表明该款太阳能无人机己达到设计指标要求,可在青藏高原地区推广使用。     

遗传算法在航迹优化中的应用研究

提出一种基于遗传算法的航迹优化方法．主要是用遗传算法设计优化了一类巡航导弹航线．在此过程中根据所设计航迹要满足避开地空导弹、高炮、歼击机群、电磁脉冲等火力单元和地形地物障碍,并且满足航迹路径长度短、耗油量少等约束条件,对航迹优化提出了一种算法和一个航迹规划代价评判模型．建立了一个基于VC^＋＋和MATLAB软件平台开发的巡航弹航迹优化仿真软件．经仿真实验证明该方法典型性强,处理的信息量小,实时性也较好,具有一定的理论和使用价值．     

某型民用运输机机翼应力与变形分析

为了探究大型运输机在使用限制范围内,典型载荷作用下机翼的应力分布和变形量,针对某型飞机,建立了机翼翼盒段有限元模型。对巡航状态、最大正过载和最大负过载(1 g,2.5 g,-1 g)三种典型工况进行应力和变形分析。结果显示,巡航状态机翼向上弯曲的最大变形量为1.33 m,32~33号肋区域应力较大;最大正过载时,机翼向上弯曲的最大变形量为3.69 m,应力较大区域与巡航状态类似;最大负过载情况下,机翼向下弯曲的最大变形量是1.81 m,18~19号肋区域应力较大。通过与同级别飞机试验数据的比较,验证了计算结果的准确性。分析结果可为大型飞机机翼结构设计和气动弹性分析提供参考。     

纯电动汽车车身多目标拓扑优化设计

为解决纯电动汽车车身设计中仍沿用传统车身,未同时考虑碰撞相容性和正面碰撞安全性的问题,基于混合元胞自动机拓扑优化方法,以在约束条件下吸收碰撞能量最大化为优化目标,对车身结构进行多工况概念设计,从而确定出合理的电动汽车车身布局,设计出了一种满足正面碰撞安全性与碰撞相容性的车身头部结构.结合拓扑优化结果进行有限元模型验证与厚度分析,结果表明:2~3mm的汽车头部厚度可在满足正面碰撞安全性条件下平衡碰撞过程中车体结构的纵向错位,保证碰撞力的均匀分布,实现车身轻量化.     

一种连翼式双机身无人机气动特性

为改善无人机承载质量性能,提出并设计了一种新型连翼式双机身气动布局,建立了基础布局和改进布局模型,基于FL U EN T详细研究了两种布局的气动特性.仿真结果表明,连翼式双机身布局有较好的气动性能,巡航状态升阻比可达16以上;经过翼身融合、机头修形及前后翼连接处理等改进后,升阻性能有较大提高,迎角2°时,改进布局升力系...     

规模化养殖场沼气工程替代传统模式发电的GHG减排不确定性优化模型

根据沼气发电的现状与特点, 运用整数规划和区间线性规划方法, 以温室气体最大减排量为目标函数, 构建一种基于不确定性方法的温室气体(GHG)减排优化模型. 案例分析表明： 在满足预投资、 运行利润和技术要求等约束条件下, 案例温室气体最大减排量为每年211 821.8~247 410.1 t二氧化碳当量, 比推荐方案提高了11.46%~30.19%.     

弹性飞翼无人机自适应反步终端滑模姿态控制

针对存在非线性、强耦合、参数不确定性及外部扰动的大展弦比飞翼布局无人机刚/弹耦合动力学模型,提出了基于反步思想的自适应范数型终端滑模姿态控制策略.首先,基于李雅普诺夫稳定理论,利用反步方法设计系统的虚拟控制量和实际控制量.其次,在虚拟控制中,采用自适应范数型滑模消除不确定项和刚/弹耦合项,并在反馈中采用非线性增益提高系统的鲁棒性和动态特性;在实际控制中,引入鲁棒自适应终端滑模项消除不确定项、刚/弹耦合项与扰动的影响,既解决了虚拟量求导的计算膨胀和实际控制量抖振问题,又提高了系统的控制精度和鲁棒性.最后,基于李雅普诺夫理论证明了跟踪误差收敛到任意小邻域.仿真结果表明:该控制方法对模型不确定性、气动弹性及阵风等外扰影响具有鲁棒性,能够实现高精度的姿态跟踪控制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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