用非交换图刻画L3(q)

令G是一个有限群,其非交换图▽（G）如下定义：顶点集合▽（G）是G／Z（G）,当两条边x与y的换位子不等于单位元时x与y相连.我们证明了如果G是一个有限群,且▽（G）≌▽（M）,其中M=L3（q）,q=pn,p是素数n∈N,则G≌M.     

关于有限群的一个性质

在有限群论中,我们常常通过研究一个有限群的自同构的性质,来认识这个有限群的性质,本文遵循这一方法,建立了以下的定理:定理:设G为有限群,G有一个自同构α,使得由α定义的集合I={a∈G|α(a)=a~(-1)}含有3/4|G|个元素的充要条件是:G是非阿贝尔的,且可写G=HK=KH,这里H、K均为G的指标为2的阿贝尔子群.其次,若群G满足上述条件则C(G)=H∩K,且     

最高阶元素个数为76p的有限群

设G为有限群,l是一个正整数,∣Ml(G)∣是G的l阶元素的集合,k表示G中元素的最高阶.特别地∣M(G)∣=∣Mk(G)∣.讨论了群的最高阶元素个数为∣M(G)∣=76p的有限群,得到了如下定理:设G是最高阶元素个数为76p的有限群,其中素数p＞5,则G可解.     

含有极大子群为单群的非单有限群的结构

本文研究并解决了含有一极大子群为单群的非单有限群的结构,主要结论是:设G为有限群,H为G的一个极大子群,则1.H为p(素数)阶群时,G为p~2阶群,或pq阶阿贝尔群,或pq~β阶极小非幂零群.其中p≠q且均为素数,β为q关于模p的指数.2.H为非阿贝尔单群.但G非单时,G必为下列情形之一:1)H×K;H为非阿贝尔单群,K为素数阶群.2)H_1×H_2;H_1、H_2为互相同构的非阿贝尔单群.3)H≤G;G/H的阶为素数,H为非阿贝尔单群且在G内无正规补子群.4)G=HN;H∩N=1,H为非阿贝尔单群,N为非单的特征单群,且H依共轭不可约地作用于N上.此外,对有限群G中的单极大子群之间的关系,本文也进行了若干讨论.     

自同构群阶为16p~2q~2的有限幂零群

对于给定有限群G,其自同构群Aut(G)是唯一确定的,反之不然.因此对任意给定的正整数n,能否确定所有的群G,使得|Aut(G)|=n是一个比较复杂的问题.主要讨论了自同构群的阶为16p~2q~2的有限幂零群.     

整群环的正规化性质

设G是有限群,A是一个初等阿贝尔2群,H是一个正规阿贝尔子群,证明了当G为A和H的半直积时,G具有正规化性质。     

用于非对称加密的有限循环群的构造

介绍了如何在Weierstrass方程在有限域GF（n）上的离散解中,定义加法运算,构造一个循环的有限的阿贝尔群G,这样．再利用-正整数和该循环群上的某一个元,分别当作密钥和公钥,可以实现非对称加密。     

相对于幺半群的McCoy环

对于幺半群M,引入了M-McCoy环并研究了它的性质,证明了对于任意的u.p.-幺半群M,可逆环都是M-McCoy环.得到了对于幺半群M,u.p.-幺半群N,若R是交换的M-McCoy环,则R是M×N-McCoy环.证明了M-McCoy环的直积是M-McCoy环及在一定条件下M-McCoy环的子环是M-McCoy环.同时也证明有限生成的阿贝尔群G是无挠群当且仅当存在一个环R,使得R是G-McCoy环.     

关于一些交错单群的新刻画

设πe(G)表示群G中元素阶的集合,k1(G),k2(G)分别表示G中最高阶元素的阶和次高阶元素的阶。V.D.Mazurov等人2009年证明了用元素阶集合πe(G)和群的阶G刻画有限单群。本文试图用更少的数量刻画交错单群,并证明了:1)设G为有限群,M为交错单群An(n=5,6,7,9,10,11,13),则G≌M当且仅当|G|=|M|,且k1(G)=k1(M);2)设G为有限群,M为交错单群An(n=8,12),则G≌M当且仅当|G|=|M|,且ki(G)=ki(M),i=1,2。     

具有有限秩的无扭阿贝尔群的结构

通过对有限秩的无扭阿贝尔群的商群的讨论,得出了对有限秩的无扭阿贝尔群的结构的一种刻划即：设G为有限秩的无扭阿贝尔群,G是非p可除的（p为素数）,那么存在着子群G*,使得（1）G*为自由阿贝尔群;（2）G／G*为周期群,且G／G*为p可除群;（3）G／G*的每个准素分支均为有限个循环群与拟循环群的直和．且其中关于素数p的准素分支为有限个拟循环群的直和.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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