细菌人工染色体(BACs)

文章比较了YACs、BACs、PACs和MACs的主要特点，综述了细菌人工染色体的构建及其在基因组文库构建和基因功能分析等方面的广泛应用．     

Cupriavidus necator JMP134细菌人工染色体基因组文库的构建与鉴定

Cupriavidus necator JMP134(C.necator JMP134)可以降解60多种芳香族化合物,在环境污染治理方面具有良好的应用前景.该菌株基因组含有两个苯酚降解基因簇,克隆并研究其功能具有重要的理论和应用价值.以pIndigo-BAC 5为载体,构建了C.necator JMP134的细菌人工染...     

抗稻瘟病水稻BAC文库的构建与鉴定

水稻是一种重要的粮食作物,同时也是一种重要的单子叶植物模式.稻瘟病是水稻生长中的一种严重病害,因此分离和克隆新的稻瘟病抗病基因具有重要的应用价值.以一个抗稻瘟病农家种水稻为材料,以plndigoBAC5为载体,构建了细菌人工染色体（BAC）文库.该文库共有90 000个转化子,插入频率99％,插入片段平均长度为105 kb,由此推测这个文库覆盖水稻基因组约20倍.利用其中的45 000个转化子建立了4维PCR筛选体系,并且通过4维PCR筛选体系,筛选获得了7个含水稻分蘖基因（MOC1）的阳性克隆.因此该文库是一个高质量、高覆盖率的水稻BAC文库,能有效用于目的基因的分离.     

用细菌人工染色体文库和原位杂交技术定位猪糖原脱支酶基因

依据人糖原脱支酶(基因名为AGL)基因序列设计引物,利用两步-四维聚合酶链式反应筛选法从猪细菌人工染色体文库中筛选出含猪糖原脱支酶基因的阳性克隆．通过荧光原位杂交和人第1号染色体与猪第4号染色体同源区域的比较将猪的AGL基因定位于猪第4号染色体q16-qter区域。     

盐藻磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因cDNA文库的构建

采用Ｌａｍｂｄａ ｇｔ１０载体构建了盐藻ｃＤＮＡ文库，文库大小为１０＾６／ｍＬ插入片段平均长度大于１ｋｂ。根据果蝇，兔，鼠编码其３－磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因的辅酶ＮＡＤ的结合功能区保守序列设计一对引物，大小分别为２１ｂｐ和１８ｂｐ。ＰＣＲ扩增得到与果蝇相同的２９０ｂｐ特异扩增片段，以该片段为探针，采用缺口平移系统标记原位杂交，从盐藻ｃＤＮＡ文库中获得３６个３－磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因的阳性克隆。     

盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella Salina)大量培养条件的优化研究

采用正交试验法对盐生杜氏藻的扩大培养条件进行优化研究,结果表明:在培养基pH值为9,温度为32℃,光照强度为10 000lx,接种密度为0.30,培养基配方为J/L培养基的条件下,有利于杜氏藻的生长,可适用于大型工业化培养生产.     

杜氏盐藻(Dunaliella salina)对重金属铜胁迫的生理响应

将不同质量浓度的CuCl_2溶液添加到培养基中,研究重金属铜对杜氏盐藻(Dunaliella salina)胁迫的生理响应.分别用不同质量浓度的CuCl_2溶液培养盐藻,检测盐藻的光合色素、可溶性多糖、蛋白质、SOD及MDA质量浓度的变化.结果显示,铜可抑制盐藻细胞的生长,且呈剂量-效应关系,72 h的EC50为9. 55 mg/L.随着铜质量浓度的增加,各质量浓度组盐藻细胞内叶绿素a、b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、多糖和蛋白质质量浓度均显著性降低(P 0. 05或P 0. 01).铜可导致盐藻细胞氧化损伤,随着铜质量浓度的升高,SOD活力先升高后降低,MDA质量浓度升高.表明铜可以抑制盐藻细胞内光合色素、多糖和蛋白质的合成.盐藻对铜胁迫的响应机制可能是通过抗氧化防御系统.     

根据β—胡萝卜素合成机制改进盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)培养方法的研究

根据β-胡萝卜素合成机制,在盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella Salina)的培养过程中适当加入柠檬酸,Mg~(2+)和间断通CO_2可以提高盐生杜氏藻体内β—胡萝卜素的含量,其含量可达10.2％.     

盐生杜氏藻Dunaliella salina的生物学特性与培养研究

盐生杜兵藻富含β－胡萝卜素和蛋白质，适宜在高纬度、光照强的各种咸水环境中生长，对它的生物学特性和培养条件进行了研究，发现适宜于盐生杜氏藻生长的培养基主要成分为：２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ，５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＮＯ３，６．５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＨＣＯ３，５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＭｇＳｏｒ，０．３ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ２ＰＯ４。     

利迪链霉菌A02细菌人工染色体基因组文库的构建

 利迪链霉菌A02是从京郊森林土壤中分离筛选出的植物真菌病害高效生防菌,其活性产物为安全高效广谱的抗真菌剂纳他霉素。为了克隆纳他霉素生物合成基因簇和调控其表达相关的功能基因,通过基因改良的方式进行A02的定向分子改造,提高纳他霉素的效价和产量,提取了利迪链霉菌A02的基因组DNA,用Hind III和Bam HI部分酶解后,回收了97~194kb和48.5~97kb大小的高分子量DNA,与质粒载体Copycontrol pCC1BAC连接,分别构建了含有800个和1500个克隆的两个BAC文库。从文库中随机挑选20个克隆,酶切检测平均插入片段分别为133kb和65kb,空载率小于1%,假定利迪链霉菌的基因组有8×10⁶kb,计算文库基因组覆盖率分别为12.28倍和11.25倍。因此,从文库筛选到目的片段的概率达99.99%以上。     

Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34中2个苯酚降解基因簇的筛选与功能鉴定

Cupriavidus metallidurans(C.metallidurans)CH34是一种重金属耐受性细菌,能在以苯酚、甲苯酚、苯甲酸、苯胺等芳香族化合物为唯一碳源和能源的培养基中生长,其基因组中含有2个苯酚降解基因簇.以载体pIndigo-BAC 5构建C.metallidurans CH34的细菌人工染色体(bacterial artificial chromosome,BAC)文库,获得约3万个克隆,平均插入片段大小为30 kb,插入频率为98%,推测该文库覆盖CH34基因组约1 240倍.用PCR筛选文库中的3 000个单克隆,共获得9个阳性克隆,其中5个克隆含有长基因簇,4个含有短基因簇,并从中得到含有全长苯酚降解基因簇的克隆.利用以苯酚为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基,研究2个基因簇在大肠杆菌中的表达情况.结果显示,两个基因簇均表现出了苯酚降解能力,短簇的降酚能力要优于长簇.     

A five-fold pig bacterial artificial chromosome library: a resource for positional cloning and physical mapping

A pig BAC library was constructed with genomic DNA from a male Erhualian pig. After partial digestion with Hind III or BamH I the fragments obtained were cloned into the pBeloBAC11 vector. The library consists of 184320 clones which stored in 480 pieces 384-well plates (20 plates per superpool). A two-step 4-dimension PCR screening system was established to screen the positive clones. An average insert size of 128 kb was estimated from 105 randomly isolated clones, which indicates that the library is more than five times of genomic coverage. For the demonstration of the probability to pick out any unique genes or DNA markers from the library, 10 single-copy genes were screened out and the positive clones were yielded between 1 and 8 with an average of 3.6. Positive superpools were obtained for 32 microsatellite markers selected from different regions of pig genome. The number of positive superpools for each marker varies from 1 to 9 with an average of 4.78. This BAC library provides an additional resource for pig physical mapping and gene identification.     

Screening and Insert Size Analysis of Candidate C-Genome BAC Clones from Brassica napus

Thirty-two C-genome specific candidate bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones were successfully screened from the BAC library by four-dimensional PCR method with the primer pairs of 75 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers located in the nine C-genome linkage groups of Brassica napus. The screened 32 BAC clones have an average insert size of 114.2 kb with a range of 30-190 kb. They are the first set of C-genome BAC clones screened from B. napus genomic BAC library. The average insert size of this set of BAC clones presented that the constructed BAC library had a high quality. This set of BAC clones can be used as markers to identify individual chromosomes of B. napus C-genome.     

Construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of peach

This report briefly describes the construction and characterization of a peach [ prunus persica (L.) Batch] Var. Jingyu bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. The variety Jingyu has many important agronomic characters of stone fruits, and it is a main parent in Chinese peach breeding. After cloning of the high molecular weight peach DNA into pBeloBAC 11, we obtained over 22 000 recombinant clones. The BAC library has an average insert size of 95 kb and represents approximately 7 times peach haploid genome equivalents. After being screened with two randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers, W4 and P20, which are linked to yellow flesh and nectarine genes of peach respectively, ten positive clones have been detected. This library is very useful for map-based cloning of peach genes and physical mapping of peach genome.     

Construction of a BAC library from cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） and identification of linkage group specific clones

A bacterial artificial chromosome （BAC） library consisting of 19,200 clones with an average insert size of 105 kb has been constructed from a cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） inbred line S94, derived from a cultivar in North China. The entire library was equivalent to approximately 5 haploid cucumber genomes. To facilitate chromosome engineering and anchor the cucumber genetic linkage map to its chromosomes, 15 sequence-characterized amplified regions （SCAR） and seven simple sequence repeats （SSR） markers from each linkage group of cucumber were used to screen an ordered array of pooled BAC DNA with polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Fifteen markers gave at least two positive clones. As a result, 22 BAC clones representing 7 linkage groups of cucumber were identified, which further validated the genome coverage and utility of the library. This BAC library and linkage group specific clones provide essential resources for future research of the cucumber genome.     

Construction of a BAC library from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and identification of linkage group specific clones

A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library consisting of 19,200 clones with an average insert size of 105 kb has been constructed from a cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) inbred line S94; derived from a cultivar in North China. The entire library was equivalent to approximately 5 haploid cucumber genomes. To facilitate chromosome engineering and anchor the cucumber genetic linkage map to its chromosomes, 15 sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR) and seven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers from each linkage group of cucumber were used to screen an ordered array of pooled BAC DNA with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifteen markers gave at least two positive clones. As a result, 32 BAC clones representing 7 linkage groups of cucumber were identified, which further validated the genome coverage and utility of the library. This BAC library and linkage group specific clones provide essential resources for future research of the cucumber genome.     

Construction of a BAC library from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and identification of linkage group specific clones

A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library consisting of 19,200 clones with an average insert size of 105 kb has been constructed from a cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) inbred line S94; derived from a cultivar in North China. The entire library was equivalent to approximately 5 haploid cucumber genomes. To facilitate chromosome engineering and anchor the cucumber genetic linkage map to its chromosomes, 15 sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR) and seven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers from each linkage group of cucumber were used to screen an ordered array of pooled BAC DNA with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifteen markers gave at least two positive clones. As a result, 32 BAC clones representing 7 linkage groups of cucumber were identified, which further validated the genome coverage and utility of the library. This BAC library and linkage group specific clones provide essential resources for future research of the cucumber genome.