几种鹤性别的分子生物学鉴定

以RAAV01和RAAV02两条随机核苷酸加聚体为引物,通过随机扩增片段多态DNA的方法,在白头鹤,白枕鹤,丹顶鹤等3种4对不同个体中,发现一条约300bp的雌性个性特异带,并应用这一方法成功地鉴别了未知性别的丹顶鹤个体,同时参照已知动物CHD基因序列的设计合成CHD基因引物,采用PCR方法在丹顶鹤雌性个体中扩增出一条206bp的片段,序列分析表明,该序列与已知其他鸟类CHD－W,CHD－Z基因的编码区和内含子区都有较高的同源性。     

白粉菌诱导的小麦品种Brock的差异表达基因解析

为了解抗病小麦品种Brock对白粉菌的抗性机制,采用m RNA差异显示技术(DDRT-PCR)和反向Northern杂交技术分析小麦Brock在白粉菌诱导下的差异表达基因.对照组共获得5 072个片段,诱导组获得5 366个片段,反向Northern杂交筛选后,获得94个差异表达片段.基因测序和Blast比对后,共有71个片段得到功能注释,涉及抗病防御相关基因、能量代谢相关基因、转录因子、次级代谢相关基因以及信号转导基因等.选取与RPP13同源的片段7和与MYB44同源的片段10进行半定量表达模式分析,发现白粉菌诱导后这2个基因的表达明显上调,在染菌8 h后达到峰值,表明二者可能参与Brock白粉菌侵染的早期应答反应.     

用mRNA差异显示技术分离盐胁迫下小麦耐盐相关cDNA

目的用mRNA差异显示技术分离小麦盐胁迫应答cDNA,为进一步研究小麦耐盐机理奠定基础。方法将小麦(Triticum aesticum L.)耐盐品系宝丰7228r种子分别置于含NaC l 0‰和12‰的Hoagland培养液中生长,7d后分别取叶片,提取总RNA并分离出其中的mRNA,通过锚锭引物O ligo dT10GC反转录和9个10核苷酸随机引物进行PCR扩增。结果DDRT-PCR结果显示,有4个差异DNA片段只在盐胁迫的小麦耐盐品系基因组中表达,而在对照中没有出现。这4个差异cDNA片段分别命名为ts01(260 bp),ts02(330 bp),ts03(420 bp),ts04(600 bp)。4个差异cD-NA片段的RNA杂交结果显示,只有ts04存在明显差异,在盐胁迫条件下有杂交斑点而在对照中没有杂交斑点,其余3个cDNA片段在盐胁迫和对照中都没有杂交斑点。进一步将ts04克隆并进行DNA序列测定及同源性分析。结论ts04可能是耐盐相关cDNA片段,该片段核酸序列与麦属抗性相关的肌动蛋白基因有23%同源。     

山羊与岩羊间特异RAPD片段分析

在两组40个随机引物中，筛选出16个重复性好的多态引物，对山羊与岩羊闻RAPD片段分析表明，16个引物扩增出67条带，其中54条带表现多态，多态率80．60％，山羊各群体共有条带为23条，山羊和岩羊共有条带为13条，岩羊有4条特异带，不同引物所扩增出的片段在各群体中分布频率不同．岩羊特异RAPD片段，OPA-10724的序列与人类全基因组比较，同源的短序列较多，最太长度为86bp，唯有30bp的长度与绵羊ZFZ基因和牛ZFY基因内含子同源。     

番茄红素β-环化酶基因（LcyB）启动子调控LcyB RNAi双元载体构建

根据番茄基因组DNA序列信息设计引物进行PCR扩增了Micro-Tom中番茄红素-环化酶（Lycopene -cyclase, LcyB）基因起始密码子上游1 534 bp启动子区域序列（LcyBp）,生物信息学分析表明,该启动子序列中存在TATA-盒、CAAT-盒、昼夜节律响应元件Circadian、光响应元件Box I、真菌激发子响应元件Box-W1、低温响应元件LTR、响应赤霉素的作用元件P-box、乙烯响应元件ERE、响应生长素的作用元件TGA-element等顺式作用元件. 依据番茄LcyB基因序列,设计2对含有不同酶切位点的特异引物进行PCR扩增LcyB基因3端特异的276 bp DNA片段,利用RNAi载体pKANNIBAL构建了LcyB启动子-LcyB基因正义片段（Sense）-PDK内含子-LcyB基因反义片段（Antisense）-OCS终止子的RNAi表达框,并将这一RNAi表达框插入植物双元表达载体pART27的Not I位点,构建成本研究的LcyB启动子驱动的LcyB基因RNAi植物双元表达载体pART-LcyBp-RNAi-LcyB. 为利用RNAi技术特异性敲除LcyB基因进而提高番茄果实中番茄红素含量奠定实验基础.     

根癌土壤农杆菌Ti质粒毒性区VirD1基因的克隆及序列分析

根据U．Washington报导的根癌土壤农杆菌(Agribacterium tumefaciens)C58Ti质粒基因序列，设计1对引物，利用PCR的方法扩增了c58根癌土壤农杆菌Ti质粒毒性区VirD1基因。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳，所得E1的片段略小于500bp，与引物设计跨幅片段476bp相吻合。将此片段连接到T载体，经蓝白斑筛选、PCR鉴定、测序及DNA序列分析，结果表明：克隆VirD1基因编码序列与报导的序列同源性达100％，说明通过PCR方法获得的VirD1基因片段是正确的，为进一步研究该基因的表达和活性奠定了基础。     

黑曲霉外切葡聚糖酶基因密码子的优化及表达

通过NCBI(美国国立生物技术信息中心)对黑曲霉的来源外切葡聚糖酶基因(cbh1)的氨基酸序列进行分析,发现其16个活性部位中有6个位点附近的氨基酸为毕赤酵母(Pichia pasto-ris)表达的稀有密码子。利用反向长距离PCR技术将这些活性位点附近的稀有密码子定点突变为毕赤酵母表达偏爱密码子。将优化后的表达载体pPICZαA-cbh1m转入毕赤酵母KM71H菌株中进行诱导表达。经密码子优化后的cbh1m基因较未优化前cbh1基因的表达量提高了17%。     

植物乳杆菌Lactobacillu plantarumY1菌株胆盐水解酶基因(bsh)的克隆及重组表达

经同源蛋白比对分析设计引物,PCR 扩增获得植物乳杆菌Y1菌株bsh基因(975bp),首先克隆至表达载体pET-28a,转化E. coli BL21(DE3)菌株,IPTG 诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析结果显示表达的重组蛋白为包涵体.选择能为大肠杆菌稀有密码子提供额外tRNA 的E. coli Rosetta(DE3)作为宿主菌,仍旧没有改善表达产物的可溶性.但是,选择含IF2融合蛋白标签的pLS-IF2质粒构建表达载体,SDS-PAGE分析及Western blot 鉴定结果显示表达的融合重组蛋白IF2-BSH具有可溶性.该结果为进一步研究乳酸菌胆盐水解酶的生物活性,结构功能关系的研究奠定了基础.     

人尿激酶原在大肠杆菌中表达的研究

用限制性内切酶将人尿激酶原cDNA酶切成一系列基因片段,并分别在大肠杆菌中表达。发现其中1个富含大肠杆菌稀有密码子AGG(精氨酸)的片段表达量低,成为人尿激酶原cDNA在E.coli中高效表达的限制因素。将富含AGG(精氨酸)的片段在E.coliBL21-CodonPlus^TM-RIL中表达,通过该菌株引入dnaY基因(即tRNA_agg/aga(Arg))使该片段的表达量提高了10倍。最后用同样的方法提高全长人尿激酶原cDNA在大肠杆菌中的表达量,使其表达量达到全菌蛋白的5%。     

高温诱导双孢蘑菇蛋白质表达变化的分析

对24℃常温培养和32℃诱导培养的双孢蘑菇8213、02、2796、4607菌株的菌丝体总蛋白质的SDS－PAGE分析比较,发现2796和4607菌株在43kD-110kD之间有明显的差异蛋白质出现,而和8213菌株的蛋白质差异带不明显。这些高温诱导特异表达的蛋白质可能与双孢蘑菇的热耐受相关。     

Cloning and analysis of the antagonistic related genes of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> B8

To understand the antagonistic mechanism of the broad spectrum antagonistic Enterobacter cloacae B8,Tn5 transposon-mediated mutagenesis is performed using suicide plasmid pZJ25. Two mutant strains that lost antagonistic character are isolated. Tagging with kanr gene on Tn5,an antagonistic related DNA fragment, the F fragment, right of the Tn5 insertion site is cloned in a plasmid named pTLF,from one of the mutant strains B8F. The 733 bp F fragment is then sequenced after subcloning. Genomic DNA of the original B8 strain is isolated, digested with Pst I and ligated to Pst I cassette. DNA fragments left and right of the F fragment are amplified from the Pst I cassette library using cassette primer and specific primers designed according to known sequence. 1106 bp sequence left of the F fragment and 664bp sequence right of the F fragment are finally obtained. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the contig assembled from the sequences of the cloned antagonistic related DNA fragments of B8 encodes three ORFs and is homogeneous to admM,admN and admO genes of Pantoea agglomerans andrimid biosynthetic gene cluster (AY192157). The ORF, named anrF gene which encodes a polyketide synthase, knocked out by Tn5 insertion, is a homology of admM and the insertion site of Tn5 is at 214 bp upstream of the stop codon. It is concluded that the anrF gene is a gene related to the antagonistic activity of E. cloacae B8, and speculated that the antagonistic substance produced by B8 is an andrimid.     

Sex-related gene and sex identification of Crested IbisNipponia nippon (Ciconiiformes: Threskiornithidae)

The Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) is a critical endangered species of the world. At present, a reintroduction program will be conducted to save this species essentially. However, because the Crested Ibise is a sexual alike bird, it is very difficult to identify the sex from the morphological character. In order to identify the sex easily and select the right individuals for captive breeding and reintroduction, the sex related gene on W chromosome was amplified and the sex of three Crested Ibises were also identified in the present study. The 262bp fragment was also sequenced, and we found that there were 13 different nucleotide sites with 2.25 of transition/transversion based on the comparison with that of the Oriental White Stork. The sequence will also provide a theoretic base for further designing specific primer for sex related gene in the Crested Ibis.     

南方菟丝子18S rRNA基因片段的克隆与序列分析

根据拟南芥光敏色素B基因序列设计引物, RT-PCR扩增南方菟丝子同一基因相应片段, 扩增使用了TD PCR技术,同时获得3个特异基因片段,对长约300 bp的片段克隆后进行序列分析,显示该片段与沼泽菟丝子和拟南芥18S rRNA基因相应片段的一致性分别为98.9%和97%,结果表明,该片段为南方菟丝子18S rRNA基因片段.     

Cloning of human cytokine signal transduction inhibitor genehumSOCS-2

An EST (gb/AA115239) with high identity to the mouse cytokine signal transduction inhibitor genemmSOCS-2 was selected in GenBank EST database by the homologous screening method. The cDNA with the same sequence of the EST was got in human placenta cDNA library by PCR and a 1011 bp cDNA fragment was selected using above cDNA as probes to perform walking hybridization in placenta cDNA library. The cDNA fragment contains one 594 bp open reading frame (ORF) which encodes 198 amino acid residues. It was proved to be novel after NCBl database screening. Homology comparison showed that this gene has 93% identity tommSOCS-2 at the amino acid level and it has high identities to other related genes in SH₂ domain and SOCS box, so it was namedhumSOCS-2 and the accession number in GenBank is gb/AF020590. The expression analysis showed that the gene is expressed obviously higher in prostate than in other 15 human tissues.     

印鼠客蚤线粒体COⅡ基因的克隆、序列测定和分子系统学分析

本文报道了印鼠客蚤云南株线粒体DNA中长为901bp的片段,包括完整的COⅡ基因和3个氨基酸tRNA基因及ATPase8基因片段。COⅡ基因全长684bp,编码227个氨基酸,起始密码为ATC,终止密码为TAA。印鼠客蚤mtDNACOⅡ基因中富含AT,含量为77%,GC含量为23%。根据COⅡ基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列,对蚤目蚤科部分种类及外群进行了分子系统学分析。     

Cloning and characterization of vernalization-related gene (ver203F) cDNA 3' end

Based on the cDNA fragment sequence of vernalization-related gene verc203 cloned by differential screening in our lab, the 5' primer has been designed. The cDNA 3' end of ver203 gene (1 197 bp) has been cloned by the RACE method. And it is identified by Northern blotting that its expression is special in vernalization treatment. After comparing the sequence in the nucleotide sequence databases of Genbank, EMBL and DDBJ, the gene has homology with Hordeum vulgare jesmonate-induced protein gene. It is suggested that this gene might be related to the signal transduction mediated by jamonate.     

Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Chinese alligator,Alligator sinensis, and phylogeny of crocodiles

The 16746-neueleotide (nt) sequence of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) of Chinese alligator,Alligator sinensis,was determined using the Long-PCR and primer walking methods.As is typical in vertebrates,the mtDNA encodes 13 proteins,2 rDNA,22 tRNA genes,and a noncoding control region.The Composition of bases is respectively 29.43%A,24.59%T,14.86%G,31.12% C.The gene arrangement differs from the common vertebrate gene arrangement,but is similar to that of other crocodiles,DNA sequence data from 12S rRNA,168 rRNA,protein-coding genes and combined sequence data were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of reptiles with the MP and ML methods.With this large data set and an appropriate range of outgroup taxa,the authors demonstrate that Chinese alligator is most closely related to American alligator among three crocodilian species,which suppors the traditional viewpoint.According to the branch lengths of ML tree from the combined data set,the primary divergence between Alligator and Caiman genus was dated at about 74.9 Ma,the split between Chinese alligator and American alligator was dated at 50.9Ma.     

水稻光温敏雄性不育基因连锁标记的分离与鉴定

两系法杂交稻是一种利用水稻杂种优势的重要途径，主要依据水稻光温敏雄性不育系在不同条件下的育性转换用于配制杂交种．以培矮64S(PTGMS)与明恢63杂种自交的F2代为供试材料，采用随机放大多态性DNA(RAPD)技术分离与培矮64S的PTGMS基因连锁的分子标记．在F2代2个分别代表可育和不育的群体以及亲本株系中，采用100个RAPD引物扩放基因组DNA筛选多态性DNA片段．RAPD引物S8产生的DNA片段中，除重复顺序外，有一个长度为0．85kb片段为单拷贝．分子杂交表明，这一单拷贝标记与培矮64S的PTGMS基因连锁．     

甘蓝型油菜Toc33基因启动子的克隆及序列分析

叶绿体是植物细胞中重要的细胞器，大部分叶绿体蛋白质都是由核基因组编码，在细胞质中合成分子量较大的前体蛋白，转运至叶绿体实施其功能．TOC33／TOC34是叶绿体上发现的一个外膜蛋白转运器构件蛋白，它与TOC159、TOC75和TOC64相互作用，构成了叶绿体外被膜上的一个蛋白转运器．目前已从豌豆（Pisumsa tizrurn）、拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）、玉米（Zea mays）、小立碗藓（Physcomitrella patens）、诸葛菜（Orychophragmus violaceus）和油菜（Brassica napus）克隆到TOC33或TOC34的cDNA或DNA的编码区．与其功能研究相比，Toc33基因的表达调控研究较少，该基因5’端调控区域的克隆及序列分析均未见报道．为此，在本实验室已经克隆到甘蓝型油菜Toc33基因编码区的基础上，采用单引物PCR方法进行染色体步移，克隆出Toc33基因的启动子，为进一步研究Toc33基因的转录调控机制奠定基础．     

棉蚜Para钠通道cDNA和基因组DNA片段的克隆和序列分析

采用降落 PCR技术 ,根据昆虫 para型钠通道 区 S4至 S6及 与 连接区的保守区域设计简并引物 ,成功地克隆了棉蚜 para型钠离子通道 c DNA和基因组 DNA片段 (Gene Bank登录号分别为 :AF4 114 5 5、AF4 475 74 ) ,其中 c DNA片段为 6 5 9bp,编码 2 2 0个氨基酸。利用 c DNA片段设计特异性引物克隆获的基因组DNA片段为 132 8bp,共有 2个内含子。Blast序列分析表明 ,PCR扩增获得的棉蚜 para型钠离子通道 c DNA片段所编码的氨基酸与其他昆虫的 para型钠通道氨基酸具有很高的同源相似性 ,与马铃薯甲虫、德国小蠊、果蝇和家蝇的同源性分别为 6 5 %、6 3%、6 3%、5 9%。棉蚜 para型钠离子通道 c DNA和基因组 DNA片段的克隆对于农药分子设计与害虫抗性机制 ,特别是靶标抗性分子监测具有重要意义。