一步电化学还原氧化石墨烯-壳聚糖复合膜固定的辣根过氧化物酶的直接电化学及对过氧化氢的传感检测

为构筑出一种新的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)第三代电化学生物传感器并将其用于H_2O_2的有效检测,采用循环伏安法将滴涂于玻碳电极(GCE)表面的壳聚糖(CS)-氧化石墨烯(GO)复合膜一步还原成壳聚糖(CS)-电化学还原氧化石墨烯(ErGO)复合膜,然后结合一层CS-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)复合物,制备出CS-HRP/CS-ErGO/GCE,其中内层CS用于吸附HRP,外层CS用于阻止HRP泄漏。利用复合膜中Er GO良好的导电性和电催化性能,实现HRP与电极表面的直接电子转移。此外,CS/CS-ErGO还为HRP提供一个生物相容性微环境,使得修饰在电极上的HRP能保持其生物活性。结果表明:该修饰电极在空白磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)溶液中出现一对氧化还原峰,式量电位为-0.11 V(vs.Ag/Ag Cl),说明包埋在CS/CS-ErGO膜中的HRP与玻碳电极之间发生了直接电化学行为。此外,该修饰电极对H_2O_2的还原具有电催化作用,能快速、灵敏地响应H_2O_2的浓度变化,其线性范围为1.0×10~(-5)~7.0×10~(-4)mol/L,检测限为3.0×10~(-6)mol/L(3S/N)。该传感器具有制备方法简单、成本低廉且稳定性良好的特点。     

石墨烯/纳米纤维素/亚甲基蓝电极同时检测抗坏血酸和尿酸

直接采用电化学还原法在玻碳电极上成功制备石墨烯(graphene,GN)修饰的电极和石墨烯/纳米纤维素/亚甲基蓝(graphene/nano-crystalline cellulose/methylene blue composite,GN/NCC/MB)复合材料修饰电极,并利用循环伏安法研究了这两种电极在PBS(phosphate buffered solution 0.1 mol·L-1,pH=7.0)溶液中的对抗坏血酸(ascorbic acid,AA)和尿酸(uric acid,UA)在该电极上的电化学行为.实验结果表明:在AA和UA共存体系中,GN/NCC/MB/GCE修饰的玻碳电极能够将AA和UA的氧化峰电位明显分开,峰电位相差300mV.并且用两种形式,研究了AA和UA两种物质峰电流与其物质的量浓度的关系,发现AA、UA的氧化峰电流与其浓度分别在40.0~700.0μmol·L-1、4.0~120.0μmol·L-1范围内呈线性关系.在AA和UA共存时,两者的最低检测限度分别为17.644 2μmol·L-1和3.251 1μmol·L-1.GN/NCC/MB复合材料修饰的玻碳电极可以实现AA和UA共存时两种物质的定量检测.     

基于RGOQDs/GCE电化学生物传感器对尿酸与嘌呤的电化学行为研究

以还原氧化石墨烯量子点(RGOQDs)为修饰材料,采用电沉积法修饰在玻碳电极(GCE)上,制备了新型的电化学传感器RGOQDs/GCE.将该电极用于尿酸(UA)、黄嘌呤(X)、鸟嘌呤(G)标准品的电化学检测,研究了富集电位、富集时间、酸度等对电化学检测的影响.选取最佳的检测条件,建立示差脉冲伏安法测定尿酸和黄、鸟嘌呤的新方法,并将该电极用于V 79细胞的电化学信号检测.结果表明RGOQDs/GCE可以灵敏的检测到V79细胞中的尿酸和嘌呤的电化学信号,为进一步研究嘌呤代谢提供了新的方法.     

Nafion/石墨烯/苯并-18-冠醚-6修饰玻碳电极方波阳极溶出伏安法测定蒲公英中的痕量铅

将全氟代磺酸脂、石墨烯(graphene)和苯并-18-冠醚-6(B18C6)修饰在玻碳电极(GCE)表面制备出Na-fion/石墨烯/苯并-18-冠醚-6复合膜修饰玻碳电极(NA/GN/B18C6/GCE),通过方波阳极溶出伏安法选择性测定蒲公英中草药中痕量Pb2+.在0.1 M pH为4.5的醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液中对...     

Luminol在GO（GN）/Nafion/GCE上的电聚合

基于石墨烯良好的导电性和luminol较好的电化学发光性能,利用循环伏安法研究了luminol在GO/Nafion,GN/Nafion修饰电极上的电化学聚合行为.考察了修饰剂组成成分、初始电位对电化学聚合的影响,并以铁氰化钾为探针考察了luminol电聚合前后的导电性.结果显示,在较负的起始电位下,luminol在GO/Nafion/GCE上更容易发生电化学聚合过程,且聚合后对[Fe(CN)6]3-显示了更强的电催化能力.     

同位镀铋/过氧化聚乙酰苯胺/玻碳电极溶出伏安法测定食用盐中痕量镉和铅(英文)

提出了一种新颖的同位镀铋膜过氧化聚乙酰苯胺修饰的玻碳电极(Bi/over-oxidized PNAANI/GCE)方波溶出伏安法(SWASV)同时检测食用盐中Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的方法.过氧化聚乙酰苯胺膜具有良好的阳离子选择通透性,大大改善了修饰电极检测重金属时的灵敏度和选择性.同位镀铋膜可以作为汞膜的替代物,用于提高修饰电极对Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的富集能力.Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的分析曲线均覆盖了两个线性范围:0.2～3.0μg·L-1和3.0～33μg·L-1,在富集时间为300s时,Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)检测限分别为0.015μg·L-1和0.029μg·L-1.此外,这种修饰电极还具有很高的稳定性和抗干扰性能.最后,该修饰电极被成功地应用于食用盐样品中Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的同时测定.     

纳米金修饰电极的制备及电化学性能研究

采用一步恒电位沉积的方法在玻碳电极上沉积纳米金颗粒,并运用循环伏安法对nano-Au/GCE的电化学性质进行了研究.结果表明,该修饰电极具有比表面积大、导电能力高等优点.另外,该文研究了8种不同的环境污染物在nano-Au/GCE修饰电极上的电化学行为,结果表明8种环境污染物在此修饰电极上有较高的检测灵敏度.因此,可以采用nano-Au/GCE修饰电极对一些有机污染物达到高灵敏的检测效果.     

修饰玻碳电极对多巴胺和尿酸的电化学检测（英文）

在单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)表面修饰[Cu(sal-β-Ala)(3,5-DMP_2)]玻碳电极(GCE),该修饰电极不仅对多巴胺(DA)和尿酸(UA)具有很好的电化学催化效果,而且对它们有很强的检测能力.[Cu(sal-β-Ala)(3,5-DMP_2)]修饰电极对DA的检测线性范围为10~210 mmol/L,检测极限为7.29μmol/L;而对UA的检测线性范围为从1~86mmol/L,检测极限为1.5μmol/L.同时,利用微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)来测定DA和UA,相比之下,[Cu(sal-β-Ala)(3,5-DMP_2)]与单壁碳纳米管及修饰玻碳电极结合具有良好的灵敏度和分辨率.     

电位控制辣根过氧化物酶在玻碳电极上的组装及H2O2的检测

研究了一种在聚硫堇修饰玻碳电极上利用电位控制组装辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的新方法.首先将硫堇(TH)电聚合到玻碳电极(GCE)表面,形成均匀的带正电荷的导电聚合膜,再通过调节溶液的酸度使HRP带负电荷,利用电位控制的方法在硫堇聚合膜(PTH)上组装HRP, 通过循环伏安法和电化学交流阻抗法对HRP的整个组装过程进行表征.在优化的实验条件下,采用计时电流法将HRP修饰电极用于H2O2检测,结果表明,在2×10-5～2×10-2 mol·L-1范围内HRP修饰电极的响应电流与H2O2浓度呈良好的线性关系,该研究对各类酶传感器、免疫传感器的设计与制备具有重要意义.     

FeSalen/APO-5修饰电极的制备及其电催化氧还原的研究

以负载FeSalen(Salen=N,N-双水杨醛缩乙二胺)配合物的APO-5磷铝分子筛复合材料(FeSalen/APO-5)做电极的修饰主剂,聚苯乙烯(PS)为粘结剂,采用物理吸附法在玻碳电极(GCE)表面形成涂层,制备获得FeSalen修饰的玻碳电极(PS/FeSalen/APO-5/GCE)。采用循环伏安法(CV)研究了此修饰电极在不同pH电解液中的电化学性质及其对氧还原反应的电催化作用。结果表明,氧气的电催化还原峰电流随扫描速率的增大而增强,峰电位随扫描速率的增大而负移,ipc~v1/2和Epc~lnv均呈线性关系,并发现此修饰电极能有效地催化分子氧的四电子还原反应,推断其机理属于ECE催化过程。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that