不含K3图的周长

设Ｇ为不含Ｋ３的２连通的非偶图的图。Ｄ（ｕ）｛ｖ｜ｖ∈Ｖ（Ｇ），ｄ（ｕ，ｖ）＝２｝，δ０＝ｍｉｎ｛ｍａｘ（ｄ（ｕ），ｄ（ｖ）｜ｕ，ｖ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）且ｄ（ｕ，ｖ）＝２｝，Ｄ（δ０）＝｛ｕ｜ｕ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）且ｄ（ｕ）≥δ０｝，δ≥δ０时还满；     

图的禁用子图和H—连通性

证明了如下结果：设Ｇ是３—连通图，如果Ｇ满足如下之一：（ｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，Ａ，Ｄ）－ｆｒｅｅ．（ｉｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，Ａ，Ｐ５｝－ｆｒｅｅ．（ｉｉｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，Ｉ｝－ｆｒｅｅ．（ｉｉｉｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，Ｚ３，Ｂ｝－ｆｒｅｅ．则Ｇ是Ｈ－连通的．     

图的禁用子图和H—连勇性

证明了如下结果，设Ｇ是３－连通图，如果Ｇ满足如下之一：（ｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，Ａ，Ｄ｝－ｆｒｅｅ，（ｉｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，Ａ，Ｐ５｝－ｆｒｅｅ．（ｉｉｉ）｛Ｋ１，３，ｉ｝ｆｒｅｅ．（ｉｉｉｉ）｛Ｋ，１，３，Ｚ３，Ｂ｝－ｆｒｅｅ．则Ｇ是Ｈ－连通的。     

Cycles Through Many Vertices of Given Subsets in 1-Tough Graphs

设Ｇ是ｎ阶１－坚韧图，Ｘ是Ｇ的顶点子集合，定义α（Ｘ）＝ｍａｘ｛｜Ｓ｜｜Ｓ是诱导子图Ｇ［Ｘ］中的顶点独立集｝，σｋ（Ｘ）＝ｍｉｎ｛ｋｉ＝１ｄ（ｘｉ）｜｛ｘ１，ｘ２，…，ｘｋ｝是独立集｝和ｃ（Ｘ）＝ｍａｘ｛｜Ｖ（Ｃ）∩Ｘ｜｜Ｃ是Ｇ中的圈｝。我们得到如下主要结果：设Ｇ是ｎ阶１－坚韧图，并且σ３（Ｘ）≥ｎ，则ｃ（Ｘ）≥ｍｉｎ｛｜Ｘ｜，｜Ｘ｜＋δ（Ｘ）－α（Ｘ）＋１｜，并且这下界是最好的，这里δ（Ｘ）是不小于１３σ３（Ｘ）的最小正整数．     

用基本集讨论k－连通图的Hamilton－连通性

设Ｇ是ｎ阶ｋ－连通图（ｋ≥３）．称Ｇ的独立集Ｓ为一个基本集，如果存在｛ｕ，ｖ｝Ｓ使得ｄｉｓｔ（ｕ，ｖ）＝２．本文证明了下述结论：如果对Ｇ的任－ｋ－基本集Ｓ，有ｍａｘ｛ｄ（ｕ）｜ｕＳ｝≥　则Ｇ或者是Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ－连通的或者属于两类例外图之一。     

X-最长圈的下界估计

设Ｇ是连通图,Ｘ＝Ｖ（Ｇ）,Ｇ〔Ｘ〕是Ｇ的Ｘ生成子图,记σｋ（Ｘ）＝ｍｉｎ｛Σｉ＝１ ｋ ｄ（Ｖｉ）;｛ｖ１,ｖ２,…,ｖｋ｝是Ｇ〔Ｘ〕的顶点独立集｝,得到如下结果,对于ｎ阶的１－坚韧图（ｎ≥３）,Ｘ＝Ｖ（Ｇ）,且σ３（Ｘ）≥ｎ＋ｒ≥ｎ,３│Ｘ│－２ｎ≥８ｔ－６ｒ－１７,则存在一个圈Ｃ满足│Ｃ（Ｘ）│≥｛Ｃ（Ｘ）│≥｛│Ｘ│,│Ｎ（Ｉｔ）∩Ｖ（Ｃ）│｝,其中Ｉｔ是Ｘ中ｔ个顶点的独立集。     

1坚韧图中过给定点子集的圈

设Ｇ是阶１－坚韧图，Ｘ是Ｇ的顶点子集合，定义（Ｘ）＝ｍａｘ｛│Ｓ││Ｓ是秀导子图Ｇ［Ｘ］中的顶点独立集｝，σｋ（Ｘ）－ｍｉｎ｛Σ＾ｋｉ＝１（１，２，…ｋ｝是独立集｝和ｃ（Ｘ）＝ｍａｘ｛│Ｖ（Ｃ）∩Ｘ││Ｃ是Ｇ中的圈｝。我们得到如下主要结果：设Ｇ是阶１－坚韧图，并且σ３（Ｘ）≥，则ｃ（Ｘ）≥ｍｉｎ｛│Ｘ│，│Ｘ│＋δ＾－（Ｘ）－α（Ｘ）＋１│，并且这下界是最好的，这时δ（Ｘ）是不小于     

5连通无爪图的最长圈

设Ｇ为ｎ阶５连通无爪图，σ６＝ｍｉｎ｛∑ｘ∈Ｉ６ｄ（ｘ）｜Ｉ６为Ｇ的６点独立集｝，则Ｃ（Ｇ）≥ｍｉｎ｛ｎ，σ６－１１｝。     

包装树和不含K3的（P,P＋1）图

给出同阶（阶数≥７）树和不含Ｋ＿３的（Ｐ，Ｐ＋１）图可包装的充要条件为｛Ｇ＿１，Ｇ＿２｝不是下述图对之一：（１）｛Ｓ＿ｎ，Ｇ＿２｝，其中Ｓｎ是ｎ阶星图，Ｇ＿２是无孤立点的（Ｐ，Ｐ＋１）图；（２）｛Ｓ＇＿ｎ，Ｇ＿２｝，其中Ｓ＇＿ｎ是由Ｓ（ｎ－１）的任一边上增加一个剖分点得到的ｎ阶树，Ｇ＿２是最小度大于１的（Ｐ，Ｐ＋１）图。     

Hamilton连通图的一个充分条件

设Ｇ是ｎ阶３－连通图，若对任意不相邻二点｛ｕ，ｖ｝Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｄ（ｕ）＋ｄ（ｖ）＋２｜Ｎ（ｕ）∪Ｎ（ｖ）｜≥２ｎ＋１，则Ｇ是Ｈａｍｉｔｏｎ连通的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that