Growth of decagonal quasicrystal phase in laser resolidified Al72Ni12Co16

An ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification process produced by a widened laser beam was adopted to achieve the directionally solidified microstructure of the stable decagonal quasicrystal phase in Al72Ni12Co16 alloy. X-ray, SEM, TEM and optical microscopy techniques were used to investigate the microstructures and identify the phase. The directionally solidified decagonal quasicrystal showed the facet morphology and grew in lateral growth mode. The unusual periodic and quasiperiodic atomic structures of the decagonal quasicrystal and the epitaxial growth in the melt pool were considered to be the key factors influencing the growth morphology. The experimental results were consistent with the Toner's theoretical atomistic growth model.     

准晶体中十方晶系点群的对称性与矩阵表示

运用结晶学、群论、线性代数等方法,从理论上对准晶体中十方晶系各点群进行了研究.绘出了各点群的极赤投影图;列出了各点群的所有群元和生成元;填写出了最大的固有点群10 22的群乘表.在自定义的十方坐标系中,导出了十方晶系各点群所有群元的坐标变换矩阵,这40个3×3矩阵的结构是相当简洁的,它们的矩阵元只有5种可能取值:0,±1,±τ.其中,τ=(5+1)/2是反映十方晶系准晶体所具有的准周期性的特殊无理数.     

Co/Mg/Al/Ni四元类水滑石的制备与表征

采用共沉淀法制备了Mg/Al、Co/Mg/Al、Co/Mg/Al/Ni等类水滑石样品.应用X-射线衍射分析(XRD)、热重-差热分析(DSC)及比表面积测定(BET)等方法对所制备的类水滑石样品进行了检测和分析.实验结果表明,合成的水滑石(HT)及类水滑石(HTLCs)具有水滑石的特征衍射峰,且其混合氧化物样品的比表面与水滑石的比表面相近,说明合成的化合物基本具备水滑石的性质.     

尺寸可控的固相萃取吸附剂Ni/Al LDH的制备

采用非稳态共沉淀方法制备了无定形的Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子,水热处理过程促进了无定形沉淀的结晶,从而得到稳定的六边片状Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子胶体分散体系。通过调整胶溶温度和胶溶时间控制Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸,对比不同胶溶温度和胶溶时间下得到的样品,得出制备Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子的最佳条件为胶溶温度130℃,胶溶时间24 h。由于Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子独特的带电及结构性质,具有较好的吸附性能,可将其制作成固相萃取柱,实现纳米材料与样品前处理技术的有机结合,优化样品前处理技术。     

激光铸造Ni75Al25-xSix多相金属间化合物

利用激光铸造技术成功制备以原子百分比配置的Ni75Al25-xSix(x=0,20)多相金属间化合物合金.使用X射线衍射(XRD)、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对合金进行物相鉴定及显微组织分析.使用显微硬度计对其进行显微硬度测试.结果表明,未添加Si元素的合金主要由Ni3Al、γ-Ni和少量的NiAl相组成.显微组织呈细小、均匀的树枝晶,在枝晶间分布有层片状组织.添加原子分数20%的Si元素的合金,除了Ni3Al和-γNi外,还包括Al3Ni2和较多的NiAl相;显微组织呈均匀、致密的网状树枝晶生长;平均显微硬度742 HV,约为未添加Si元素合金的1.9倍.     

Al对WC-Fe/Co/Ni组织和性能的影响

研究了合金元素Al对WC-Fe/Co/Ni硬质合金组织和性能的影响。在WC-Fe/Co/Ni合金中加入Al能够提高合金的抗弯强度。在加入量为0.8％时,该合金的抗弯强度提高了10％。在此基础上对机理进行了探讨。     

Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2/Ni金属陶瓷的微波烧结

以纳米WC-10Co复合粉末、YSZ纳米粉末、Al2O3亚微粉末与工业Ni粉为原料,采用微波烧结＋热等静压处理制备性能优良的Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2/Ni金属陶瓷,研究微波烧结、微波烧结＋热等静压处理对Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2/Ni金属陶瓷的组织结构和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：WC-10Co（10%,质量分数）,YSZ（30%）,Al2O3（55%）与Ni（5%）复合粉末高能球磨后,经过微波烧结＋热等静压处理,可以得到平均晶粒度小于1.5μm的整体性能较好的亚微Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2/Ni金属陶瓷,其相对密度为98.4%,洛氏硬度为HRA 94.0;微波烧结＋热等静压可以有效地消除微波烧结造成Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2/Ni金属陶瓷中的孔隙,提高复合材料的密实度和力学性能,而且金属陶瓷的晶粒基本没有异常长大。     

溅射Ni16Cr2.5Al微晶涂层及其氧化行为

NiCrAl是NiCrAlY型包覆涂层的主要成分,对NiCrAl涂层的沉积形态及其氧化行为的研究具有重要科学意义.磁控溅射在不锈钢Fe18Cr9Ni0.1Ti基体上制备出Ni16Cr2.5Al微晶涂层(基体分倾斜45 和竖直90 两种方式悬挂),使用SEM/EDAX,X ray,对Ni16Cr2.5Al微晶涂层及其氧化膜进行了分析,以探索高温合金用涂层形成及其氧化膜形成机制.     

主晶相为Y3Al5O12的Y-Al-Si-O-N微晶玻璃的制备

为制备主晶相为Y3Al5O12(即 YAG)的Y-Al-Si-O-N氧氮微晶玻璃,对组成为Y28Al24Si48O83N17的氧氮玻璃作不同的热处理,并采用差示扫描量热法确定基础玻璃样品的热处理制度;采用X线衍射仪和结合能谱分析鉴定微晶玻璃样品的物相;采用扫描电镜观察微晶玻璃样品的微观形貌.研究结果表明:在1 200℃及其以下温度对玻璃样品进行热处理所得的YoAl-Si-O-N微晶玻璃样品中只包含YAG相:当热处理温度高于1200℃时,微晶玻璃中除YAG相外还有少量O'-Sialon相;随着热处理温度升高,YAG树枝晶的枝干长度增大,枝叶变厚;通过两步热处理法得到的YAG晶粒尺寸远小于一步热处理法的晶粒尺寸.     

Analysis of EET on Ca increasing the melting point of Mg17Al12 phase

The present investigation showed that the additions of Ca to the alloy AZ91 were mainly dissolved into the Mg17Al12 phase and increased its melting point and thermal stability, which would have great effects on the high- temperature properties of AZ91 alloy. The empirical electron theory (EET) of solid and molecules was used to calculate the valence electron structures (VES) of Mg17Al12 intermetallic compound with and without Ca addition. The results showed that Ca dissolving in Mg17Al12 phase increased the strength of bonds that control the thermal stability of Mg17Al12 phase. Additions of Ca also made the distribution of the valence electrons on the dominant bond network more uniform in the whole unit cell of Mg17Al12. The theoretical conclusions well account for the experimental results.     

Analysis of EET on Ca increasing the melting point of Mg17Al12 phase

The present investigation showed that the additions of Ca to the alloy AZ91 were mainly dissolved into the Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase and increased its melting point and thermal stability, which would have great effects on the high-temperature properties of AZ91 alloy. The empirical electron theory (EET) of solid and molecules was used to calculate the valence electron structures (VES) of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ intermetallic compound with and without Ca addition. The results showed that Ca dissolving in Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase increased the strength of bonds that control the thermal stability of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase. Additions of Ca also made the distribution of the valence electrons on the dominant bond network more uniform in the whole unit cell of Mg₁₇Al₁₂. The theoretical conclusions well account for the experimental results.     

Zr63.36Cu14.52Ni10.12Al12非晶合金的大塑性与尺寸效应

用铜模吸铸法制备了直径为3,4和6mm的Zr63.36Cu14.52Ni10.12Al12阶梯形圆棒试样,研究了试样尺寸大小对室温塑性和强度的影响.结果表明：φ3mm试样的压缩屈服强度σs为1740.6MPa,极限强度σmax为2030.7MPa,断裂强度σcf为1510.5MPa,塑性应变εp为20.6%,表现出比较大的塑性,存在明显的加工硬化现象;φ4mm试样塑性应变εp为2.6%,屈服强度σs为1748.5MPa,断裂强度σcf为1856.6MPa;φ6mm试样塑性应变φp为0.2%,断裂强度σcf为1221.3MPa.该合金的压缩塑性应变随着块体非晶合金直径的增大而减小,存在明显的尺寸效应,尺寸效应与非晶合金的自由体积有关,冷却速率决定非晶合金中自由体积分数,试样尺寸越小,冷却速率就越大,凝固过程形成的自由体积分数越大,大的自由体积分数促进压缩过程多重剪切带的形成从而有利于塑性的提高.     

Zr53Cu18.7Ni12Al16.3过冷熔体的原子结构以及动力学性质的研究

本文采用第一性原理分子动力学方法,模拟了Zr53Cu18.7Ni12Al16.3过冷液体的原子结构,以及其对动力学性质的影响.通过对Al原子周围的偏对分布函数的分析,发现该过冷液体的原子结构可用以Al原子为中心的团簇来表征.这种局域结构稳定程度的空间不均匀性,导致了过冷液体的动力学在空间分布上的不均匀性,即出现速度较慢的原子.这种慢原子的出现,使得该过冷液体在过冷相区内发生动力学迟缓,从而抑制了晶化.     

Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12结构与磁性能的研究

采用铁芯测试仪测得合金样品的初始磁导率随温度的变化曲线,定出居里温度;用磁化强度小角旋转法测量非晶及晶化合金条带的饱和磁致伸缩系数λs;研究了不同温度退火后Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12合金的磁性.结果表明:Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12合金经退火后非晶相和剩余非晶相的居里温度随退火温度升高而提高;Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12合金经高于500℃退火后磁性能变坏,是饱和磁致伸缩系数变大所致.     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of 3D-printed high Co-Ni secondary hardening steel fabricated by laser melting deposition

The mechanical properties and microstructure of the 3D-printed high Co-Ni secondary hardening steel fabricated by the laser melting deposition technique was investigated using a material testing machine and electron microscopy. A microstructure investigation revealed that the samples consist of martensite laths, fine dispersed precipitates, and reverted austenite films at the martensite lath boundaries. The precipitates are enriched with Co and Mo. Because the sample tempered at 486℃ has smaller precipitates and a higher number of precipitates per unit area, it exhibits better mechanical properties than the sample tempered at 498℃. Although the 3D-printed samples have the same phase constituents as AerMet 100 steel, the mechanical properties are slightly worse than those of the commercial wrought AerMet 100 steel because of the presence of voids.     

Growth of C60(111) single crystalline thin film on Ni3Co(111) substrate

Conclusions We have studied C₆₀ films grown on Ni₃Co(111) single-crystalline substrate using hotwall diffusion method. The XRD and SEM results show that high-quality C₆₀ (111) singlecrystalline film with grain size of ∼ 1 μm can be obtained at the substrate temperature of 150 ° C. Due to the strong interfacial interaction between C₆₀ and Ni₃Co(111) substrates, temperature has much more influence on the orientation of the film than that of the film grown on nonmetallic substrates. The film grown at 100 ° C has a weak orientational order and the film grown at 200 ° C is randomly oriented.     

Effects of chloride ion concentration and pH values on the corrosion behavior of Cr12Ni3Co12Mo4W ultra-high-strength martensitic stainless steel

The effects of Cl- ion concentration and pH values on the corrosion behavior of Cr12Ni3Co12Mo4W ultra-high-strength martensitic stainless steel (UHSMSS) were investigated by a series of electrochemical tests combined with observations by stereology microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A critical Cl- ion concentration was found to exist (approximately 0.1wt%), above which pitting occurred. The pitting potential decreased with increasing Cl- ion concentration. A UHSMSS specimen tempered at 600°C exhibited a better pitting corrosion resistance than the one tempered at 400°C. The corrosion current density and passive current density of the UHSMSS tempered at 600°C decreased with increasing pH values of the corrosion solution. The pits developed a shallower dish geometry with increasing polarization potential. A lacy cover on the pits of the UHSMSS tempered at 400°C accelerated pitting, whereas corrosion products deposited in the pits of the UHSMSS tempered at 600°C hindered pitting.     

退火处理对Re0.92Mg0.08Ni2.81Mn0.10Co0.51Al0.11贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

研究了不同退火温度对稀土--镁基多相贮氢合金Re0.92Mg0.08Ni2.81Mn0.10Co0.51Al0.11的电化学性能的影响.结果表明,退火处理显著改善了合金的电化学性能,其中,在1173K下退火处理的合金电极具有最大的放电容量和最好的循环稳定性.