葫芦文化与上古传说史

《诗·豳风·东山》写随周公东征的战士回忆“亲迎”的场面时,有这样两句诗:“有敦瓜苦,烝在栗薪。自我不见,于今三年!”诗中的“瓜苦”,即葫芦。葫芦,古代又称瓠、瓠瓜、壶、匏等,是我国古代婚礼仪式上重要的礼俗用品。宋人聂崇义根据郑玄、阮湛等书整理的《三礼图》介绍:“合卺,破匏为之,以线连两端,其制一同匏爵”。葫芦剖     

对推动我国社会结构现代化的思考

世界发达国家已经实现了社会结构的现代化,社会分层呈“橄榄球型”;我国社会结构正处于“金字塔型”向“橄榄球型”过渡的时期,呈“葫芦型”。必须通过优化产业结构、推进城市化、完善宏观调控政策等措施,实现我国社会结构的现代化。     

对推动我国社会结构现代化的思考

世界发达国家已经实现了社会结构的现代化，社会分层呈“橄榄球型”；我国社会结构正处于“金字塔型”向“橄榄球型”过渡的时期，呈“葫芦型”。必须通过优化产业结构、推进城市化、完善宏观调控政策等措施，实现我国社会结构的现代化。     

实例探析匏庐测绘及其经验总结

1.匏庐简介最近扬州市启动的“历史文化名城解读工程”,将让许多鲜为人知的名胜古迹走出“深闺”。匏庐就是其中的重要一位。匏庐位于甘泉路211号,为民国初年镇扬汽车公司总经理卢殿虎所建,由当代扬州造园名家余继之构筑。是园以横长别     

保护温州拦街福的本真性

在温州，“拦街福”这一市井商贸民俗文化很有代表性和典型意义。早在南宋时期，温州的商品经济和市民社会已经相当发达，“九山书会”（从事剧本、话本编撰的文人和艺人组织）创作了南戏《张协状元》。今天，“温州模式”已经成为改革开放的一个代名词。     

把水装在外面

从前，有一家农户，种出了一只很大很大的葫芦。但是面对这么大的葫芦农户竞想不出用它做什么好。如果用来装酒水，恐怕会涨裂；如果锯成两半，用来做舀水的瓢，又没有那么大的缸。一时间农夫左右为难。 这时候村里的智者听说这件事情后，对农夫说：“人们只知道用葫芦装水，却不知道把水装在葫芦的外面，让葫芦放在水里当小船用，这不是很好吗？”     

雾都劫

英国伦敦素有世界“雾都”之称，据统计，伦敦的雾天，每年可高达七八十次，每当大雾降临，弥漫的大雾不仅影响交通，酿成事故，还直接危害人们的健康，甚至威胁人们的生命。不过，与1952年的状况相比，今天的伦敦已经算是一座干净的城市。1952年12月初，伦敦城发生了世界上最为严重的“烟雾”事件。浓雾连续一周不散，工厂和住户排出的烟尘和气体大量在低空聚积，     

构筑用药安全的"防火墙"

“生老病死”．短短四个字．是人一生的浓缩。人活一世．难免不生病;生病需要吃药、人们通常都希望“药到病除”!但事实上,“用药安全”已经成为了人们日常“看病吃药”过程中潜在的隐患。在信息技术高速发展的今天,人们应该抛开所谓“片药值千金”的简单理念．充分运用包括信息化在内的各种手段．“对症下药”．从而真正构筑起一道用药安全的“防火墙”![编者按]     

称呼语"先生"历史探源

西周晚期之前“先”、“生”开始连用;战国晚期,“先生”开始有发展成为称呼语的趋势;西汉时期,“先生”已经发展成为一个成熟的表示对有学问的人的尊称的称呼语,同时也被妻子用来作为对丈夫的称呼语;宋元时期,“先生”已经成为今天称呼语“老师”的代名词。当前,“先生”无论是作为妻子对丈夫的称呼语还是作为区别性别的称呼语,其意义已经完全虚化。     

我们需要什么样的设计——关于中国工业设计的思考

今天设计已经成为人们生活中的一部分,功能与形式的关系随着时间的流逝也在发生着改变,现在我们应该以“功能与形式”完美结合的整体观来进行设计,即“文质兼备”,并吸收传统设计的精华,发扬本民族的设计,为人们创造更加舒适的生活、学习、工作的环境。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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