Plant biochemistry: a naturally decaffeinated arabica coffee

The adverse side effects of caffeine have increased the market for decaffeinated coffee to about 10% of coffee consumption worldwide (http://www.ncausa.org), despite the loss of key flavour compounds in the industrial decaffeinating process. We have discovered a naturally decaffeinated Coffea arabica plant from Ethiopia, a species normally recognized for the high quality of its beans. It should be possible to transfer this trait to commercial varieties of arabica coffee plants by intraspecific hybridization--a process likely to be simpler than an interspecific hybridization strategy, which could require more than 30 years of breeding to fix the decaffeinated trait and would probably result in an inferior cup of coffee.     

文学的“陌生化”理论：从什克洛夫斯基到布鲁姆

“陌生化”并不是一个陌生的命题,从亚里士多德起一直到当代不断有批评家以此为基点阐述自己对于文学的看法。本文立足于当代文艺批评,论述什克洛夫斯基、布莱希特、布鲁姆等人对“陌生化”的创造性阐释,并从这种差异性阐释中显现他们的文学立场和倾向性。     

铁皮石斛花青素合成酶基因的生物信息学分析

花青素合成酶(ANS)是花青素合成途经中的关键酶,可催化无色花色素转变成有色花色素.本文从NCBI数据库中获取铁皮石斛花青素合成酶基因(DoANS)的cDNA序列,并利用生物信息学方法对该基因进行了分析.分析结果表明:该基因完整的开放阅读框长1077 bp,共编码358个氨基酸,其中亮氨酸含量最高,占氨基酸总数的10....     

诃子对花色苷色素抗氧化作用的研究

花色苷色素对光、热不稳定,其降解速度与pH有关.从诃子中提取出的天然抗氧化剂鞣质作为该类色素的抗氧化剂,研究了它对花色苷类色素的抗氧化作用.结果表明,鞣质能有效地抑制花色苷色素的氧化降解,延长其半衰期,使其稳定性明显提高.     

微课在生物化学实验教学中的应用

微课是当今信息化时代一种新型的学习资源和教学手段。将微课应用于生物化学实验教学中,可以突破课时、教室对传统实验教学的限制,创建自主性、开放性实验课堂,发挥学生的主体性,促进师生的交互发展,体现教师的教学智慧,适应教育信息化。微课在实验教学中的应用模式,是生物学实验信息化建设和教学改革的创新实践。     

Escape from adaptive conflict after duplication in an anthocyanin pathway gene

Gene duplications have been recognized as an important source of evolutionary innovation and adaptation since at least Haldane, and their varying fates may partly explain the vast disparity in observed genome sizes. The expected fates of most gene duplications involve primarily non-adaptive substitutions leading to either non-functionalization of one duplicate copy or subfunctionalization, neither of which yields novel function. A significant evolutionary problem is thus elucidating the mechanisms of adaptive evolutionary change leading to evolutionary novelty. Currently, the most widely recognized adaptive process involving gene duplication is neo-functionalization (NEO-F), in which one copy undergoes directional selection to perform a novel function after duplication. An alternative, but understudied, adaptive fate that has been proposed is escape from adaptive conflict (EAC), in which a single-copy gene is selected to perform a novel function while maintaining its ancestral function. This gene is constrained from improving either novel or ancestral function because of detrimental pleiotropic effects on the other function. After duplication, one copy is free to improve novel function, whereas the other is selected to improve ancestral function. Here we first present two criteria that can be used to distinguish NEO-F from EAC. Using both tests for positive selection and assays of enzyme function, we then demonstrate that adaptive evolutionary change in a duplicated gene of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in morning glories (Ipomoea) is best interpreted as EAC. Finally, we argue that this phenomenon likely occurs more often than has been previously believed and may thus represent an important mechanism in generating evolutionary novelty.     

多媒体技术应用于生物化学实验教学中的研究

该文对多媒体技术辅助生物化学实验教学的必要性,可行性和教学效果进行了论述。指出实验教学是高校生物化学的一个重要环节,高校作为培养人才的教学基地随着教育改革的不断深入,运用多媒体进行实验教学是高校生物化学实验教学的新模式,也是更好实现教学目标的有效手段。