声场中微泡造影剂的运动特性

以类血液液体为工作介质,在考虑带壳微泡造影剂的液体壳和类血液液体的黏度、表面张力及不可压缩性的情况下,对声场中微泡造影剂的动力学行为特性进行了数值研究.分析了频率、声压、初始内半径、壳壁厚度及类血液黏度对微泡运动状态的影响.研究表明微泡的运动状态只有处于周期2时,声空化才具有安全性.     

超声场中振荡微泡对血管壁的生物力学效应

血管内受束微泡振荡所产生的生物力学效应在靶向药物传递、开放血脑屏障等具有重要的医学应用.本文从生物力学角度,创建了一个气泡-流体-固体耦合动力学模型,利用有限元法,研究超声场中振荡微泡与血管壁的相互作用,得到不同超声频率、血管尺度及不同初始半径微泡对血管壁的应力及应变分布.结果表明:频率1.0～1.5MHz时,血管壁应...     

剪切模量和粘度对HIFU微泡增效治疗声场影响的数值仿真

研究剪切模量和粘度对HIFU微泡治疗声压场的影响.利用气液混合声波传播方程、Yang-Church气泡运动方程、时域有限差分（FDTD）法和龙格-库塔（RK）法建立含微泡的单阵元换能器数值仿真模型,分别改变模型中仿组织体模的剪切模量和粘度,研究其对形成声压场的影响.仿真结果表明,随着剪切模量的增大,焦域中心声压逐渐降低且焦域位置向靠近换能器方向移动;随着粘度的增大,焦域中心声压逐渐降低,焦域位置几乎不变.     

神奇的微泡

最近，一些直径只有十几微米的气泡引起了科学界的注意，专家称其为“微泡”。虽然不需要任何特殊的材料，也没有玄妙的结构，微泡的神奇作用却令人刮目相看。比如让它们靠近病毒，它们就会在瞬间产生超高温、超高压，致病毒于死地。     

纳米级载药微泡的制备及其超声介导下的抑瘤研究

具有超声造影剂和药物载体双重功能的聚乳酸(PLA)微泡存在着载药率较低以及不能有效地透过肿瘤组织等缺点.对此,以PLA和卵磷脂为药物载体,采用改良的超声复乳法制备载紫杉醇的PLA-卵磷脂纳米级微泡.考察了卵磷脂对载药微泡理化特性(包括:形态、粒径、载药量、包封率和体外释药特性)的影响,利用X-射线衍射分析(XRD)考察了药物在微泡中的状态,最后在超声介导下对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率进行了研究.结果表明,卵磷脂与PLA质量比为50∶250时可制备得到平均粒径615 nm、内部空心的纳米级微泡,药物包封率达(90.90±5.79)%,载药率为(8.26±0.53)%,紫杉醇以无定型状态分布在微泡的壳中.微泡的体外药物释放具有缓释、零级释放以及超声介导加快药物释放的特性,而通过对H22肝癌荷瘤小鼠的实验研究表明,相对于紫杉醇针剂而言,超声介导下载药PLA-卵磷脂纳米级微泡注射剂能减小对小鼠的毒副作用,提高抑瘤率.     

直流偏场和面内场作用下OHB的条泡转变

实验研究了直流偏场和面内场共同作用下,液相外延石榴石磁泡膜中普通硬磁泡的条泡转变现象.实验表明,在室温下所有硬磁泡经条泡转变后存在2个特征偏场(Hb)Ⅰ和(Hb)Ⅱ,当Hb≤(Hb)I时,条泡转变后的泡畴全是软泡,当Hb≥(Hb)Ⅱ时,条泡转变后的泡畴全是硬磁泡.随着直流偏场的升高,普通硬磁泡的最小条泡转变面内场和最大条泡转变面内场逐渐降低.     

非线性超声场中医用微泡的空化预测研究

以两种常见医用微泡的实验材料为计算参数,利用修正的Rayleigh-Plesset方程,对粘滞流体中不同半径的医用微泡在非线性超声波驱动下的空化行为进行了数值仿真.结果表明:一定驱动声频下,声压越大,医用微泡的空化概率越大,且向半径减小的方向移动,其空化概率受微泡材料参数影响也较大;同时,声作用周期个数越多,空化概率越大.当声作用周期个数增到一定数量时,其空化概率达到饱和.     

面内场作用下第一类哑铃畴的条泡转变与直流偏场关系的…

本文研究面内磁场作用下第一类哑铃畴的条泡转变与固定直流偏场（Ｈｂ）ｆ的关系。实验结果显示：（１）使ＩＤ发生条泡转变包需的面内场（Ｈｉｐ）ｓｂ随所高定的直流偏场（Ｈｂ）ｆ的增加而减小；（２）存在一个特征直流偏场（Ｈｂ）ｆ１，当（Ｈｂ）ｆ１时，在面内场     

挡住噪音

从轮胎制成的隔音板到新型微泡玻璃，全世界的实验都在研制对付噪音的新式武器。本文将介绍可以保护我们免受噪音“狂轰滥炸”般刺激的最有效的技术     

直流偏场和面内场共同作用下第Ⅰ类哑铃畴的条泡转变

实验研究了直流偏场和面内场共同作用第Ⅰ类哑铃畴(IDs)的条泡转变现象.实验表明:1)存在3个特征直流偏场,即:条泡转变后的磁畴均为软泡的磁场以及条泡转变后的磁畴中依次出现普通硬磁泡和第Ⅰ类哑铃畴的磁场;2)IDs的最小条泡转变面内场和最大条泡转变面内场均随直流偏场的增加而减小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that