A novel human gene spindlin1, encoding a protein localized in the cell nucleus and inducing NIH3T3 cell''s transformation

A novel human gene, spindlin1, recently cloned in our laboratory, is highly expressed in the tissue of ovary cancer. To study its biological function, a vector expressing green fluorescent-spindlin1 fusion protein was constructed and transfected into COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells by lipofectamine methods. The results showed that the fusion protein pEGFP-N1-spindlin1 was localized in the nucleus of COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells. NIH3T3 cells which could stably express spindlin1 as a result of RT-PCR analysis compared with the parental NIH3T3 cells displayed a complete morphological change, improved the cell growth and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase (12.6% vs control cells at 3.4%). Furthermore, overexpressed spindlin1 cells formed colonies in soft agar, more motile in migration assay in vitro and formed tumors in nude mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that spindlin1 gene may be a prooncogene which is associated with tumorigenesis.     

N-terminal of L protein of vesicular stomatitis virus contains a new signal sequence

The L protein (241kD) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is the most important snbnnit of the replication complex. The existence of specific localization signal in the L protein was investigated by making recombinant constructs expressing truncated mutants of the L protein fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) in transient transfection assays. The chimeric genes encoding varied N-terminal of L and GFP gene were put under the control of T7 promoter or CMV promoter. The fusion proteins were transiently expressed in BHK-21, COS-7, CHO or Hep G2 cells. When more than 120 residues were deleted or only 96 residues were kept on the N-terminal, the fusion proteins were shown to be distributed throughout the cells, cytoplasm and nucleus under the confocal microscope. However, other chimeric proteins with 120 or more amino acids were dotted and distributed in the perinuclear regions. And the fusion protein with 96—120 aa has the similar distribution. A thirteen-residue peptide QGYSFLHEVDKEA (108—120) was identified as localization signal, whose function would be absolutely distributed with the deficiency of D or V. Our results show that there is an independent localizing signal in N-terminal domain of L protein of VSV and this functional signal is conserved in different cell lines.     

结核分枝杆菌Ag85B-ESAT6融合蛋白稳定表达细胞系的建立

建立了能够稳定表达结核分枝杆菌Ag85B-ESAT6融合蛋白的P815细胞系。将Ag85B和ESAT6基因分别克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3,构建了Ag85B—ESAT6融合蛋白的真核表达质粒Ag85B-pcDNA3-ESAT6。在阳离子聚合物作用下,重组质粒转染与BALB／c遗传背景一致的P815（H-2^4）细胞。通过G418压力筛选后,得到1株阳性克隆细胞。经过RT-PCR检测到该细胞中有Ag85B-ESAT6融合蛋白mRNA表达,用间接免疫荧光可以在转染重组质粒的P815细胞膜上检测到较强的绿色荧光,证实P815细胞内有融合蛋白的表达。获得表达Ag85B-ESAT6融合蛋白的稳定细胞系。     

Expression of human growth hormone-releasing factor in transgenic mice results in increased somatic growth

The neurohumoral regulation of growth hormone secretion is mediated in part by two hypothalamic peptides that reach the anterior pituitary via the hypothalamo-hypophysial portal blood system. Somatostatin inhibits the release of growth hormone, whereas growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) positively regulates both growth hormone synthesis and secretion. Two forms of human GRF, 40 and 44 amino acids long, have been characterized from extra-hypothalamic tumours as well as from the hypothalamus. Analysis of human GRF complementary DNA and genomic clones indicates that the GRF peptides are first synthesized as a 107- or 108-amino-acid precursor protein. To examine the physiological consequences of GRF expression, we have established strains of transgenic mice containing a fusion gene including the promoter/regulatory region of the mouse metallothionein-I (MT-I) gene and the coding region of the human GRF gene. We report that expression of the human GRF precursor protein in these animals results in measurable levels of human GRF and increased levels of mouse growth hormone in plasma and accelerated growth rates relative to control littermates. These results demonstrate a direct role for GRF in the positive regulation of somatic growth. Unexpectedly, female transgenic mice carrying the MT-GRF fusion gene are fertile, in contrast to female transgenic mice expressing human or rat growth hormone, which are generally infertile. These transgenic mouse strains should provide useful animal models for the study of several types of human growth disorders.     

细胞因子受体-抗人AFP嵌合抗体融合蛋白的构建及表达

用RT-PCR方法从人胎肝组织中扩增EpoR胞外区基因及gp130跨膜区基因,并用酶切连接方法将其与抗人AFP嵌合抗体拼接,连接到质粒pVITRO上,构建真核表达载体。将重组质粒转染CHO细胞,以RT-PCR、Western blot和ELISA方法检测融合蛋白的表达。结果显示稳定转染细胞株有约150kDa的融合蛋白表达。     

结核分枝杆菌HSP65-hIL-2融合基因稳定转染细胞系的建立

建立可稳定表达结核分枝杆菌HSP65-hIL-2融合蛋白的稳定转染P815细胞系. 在阳离子脂质体作用下,将HSP65-hIL-2真核表达质粒转染与BALB/c 遗传背景一致的P815细胞(H-2d).G418筛选阳性克隆,RT-PCR和间接免疫荧光法检测目的蛋白的转录和表达. 阳性克隆细胞经RT-PCR检测到HSP65-hIL-2融合基因特异性的mRNA表达;用鼠抗人的IL-2 mAb进行间接免疫荧光检测,可在转染的P815细胞浆中观察到较强的绿色特异性荧光,而未转染细胞则为阴性.成功获得稳定表达HSP65-hIL-2融合蛋白的稳定转染细胞系,为其疫苗的CTL研究提供了合适的靶细胞.     

盘基网柄菌allC的克隆、表达和多克隆抗体的制备

运用RT-PCR技术从盘基网柄菌(Dictyostelium discoideum)总mRNA中克隆到了尿囊酸酶基因(allC),该基因编码区开放读框长1 100bp,编码的蛋白约42kD.由于是在野生型和突变型细胞中差异表达的片段,表明该基因在盘基网柄菌多细胞发育中起到重要作用,因此将allC克隆入融合表达载体pET-32a(+),在大肠杆菌E.coliBL21(DE3)中进行诱导表达带有6个组氨酸标签的尿囊酸酶(ALC)融合蛋白,经镍柱亲和层析,获得了电泳纯蛋白.用纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,制备多克隆抗体.ELISA测得制备的抗ALC蛋白的多克隆抗体的效价可达1∶64 000,Western Blotting检测证明该抗体有较强的针对ALC蛋白的专一性.这些数据表明重组质粒表达的ALC融合蛋白具有良好的抗原性,制备ALC的多克隆抗体有良好特异性和效价,能够满足针对ALC免疫印迹和细胞内定位检测等实验要求,为深入研究ALC蛋白在盘基网柄菌多细胞发育的功能作用提供了有力工具.     

Inhibitory effect of the adenovirus type 5 E1A protein expressed in the yeast system

The human adenovirus type 5 E1A, a tumor- suppressor gene[1], codes for two major related proteins of 243 amino acids (12S) and 289 amino acids (13S) by al-ternative splicing in two exons[2]. Studies have been shown that E1A can regulate expression of many genes and cell cycle[3]. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that E1A could induce tumor cells differentia-tion, convert tumor cells into an epithelial phenotype, in-hibit tumor cell growth and metastasis and strongly en-ha…     

Inhibitory effect of the adenovirus type 5 E1A protein expressed in the yeast system on the human tumor cell growth

Adenovirus 5 type E1A as a tumor suppressor gene can inhibit tumor growth and enhance the sensitivity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. E1A have the ability to integrate into the host genome, resulting in long-time expression that induces Rb gene inactivation and animal cells immortalization. This prompted us to select the E1A protein for treatment of cancer in order to overcome the limitations of E1A gene therapy. Thus, we firstly constructed E1A eucaryotic expression vector (pPIC9/E1A), transformated the pichia pastoris yeast cells (GS115) and screened the high-expressing recombinant strains. The positive yeast strains were cultured in the shake flask, and induced for 3 d. The crude E1A protein was purified using two steps of column chromatography on HiTrap Q and HiTrap SP. The purified E1A protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. E1A protein was mostly located at cellular nuclear when Chariot delivered E1A protein into cells. The analysis in vitro indicated that the E1A protein arrested LN686 cell cycle at G2/M phase, and significantly inhibited the growth of LN686 tumor cells. The current studies firstly provided an experimental basis to further develop E1A protein for tumor treatment.     

Partial inhibition of CDK4 gene expression leads to the extension of G1 phase of V79-8 cells

V79-8 is an abnormal cell line which does not have detectable G1 and G2 phases in its cell cycle. This cell line is derived from V79 cell line which has Gl phase but lacks G2 phase. By using an anti-sense approach, CDK4 gene expression was partially inhibited to find whether CDK4 might contribute to the lack of Gl phase in V79-8 cells. Anti-CDK4 anti-sense plasmid was constructed and used to transfect V79-8 cells. Clones of transfected cells (V79-8-asCDK4) were examined, in comparison with V79-8 cells, to determine its growth curve, cell doubling-time (GT), the level of CDK4 gene expression and the levels of expression of some other growth related genes. V79-8-asCDK4 cells showed a slower growth rate with a doubling time 2.5-h longer than that of V79-8 cells. A flow cytometry (FCM) analysis demonstrated that the 2.5 h increase of the doubling time of V79-8-asCDK4 cells was mainly due to the appearance of Gl phase because its G2 + M phase was not significantly different from that of V79-8 cells. The decrease of CDK4 gene expression in V79-8-asCDK4 cells was shown by Northern-blot. Changes in the expression levels of the growth-related genes TGF-β, cyclin D1 and Rb were also detected in V79-8-asCDK4 cells. CDK4 functions mainly in G1 and at the transition between G1 and S phases. Expression of an anti-sense CDK4 gene fragment reduces the levels of endogenous CDK4, CDK4/cyclinD kinase activity and the phosphorylation of Rb. These events may postpone the inactivation of the check-point leading to the delay of entry into S phase and the reappearance of G1 phase in V79-8-asCDK4 cells.     

Cloning of murine BRI3 gene and study on its function for inducing cell death

To understand the molecular mechanism of TNFα effects, the cDNA of murine BRI3 gene was cloned from the total RNA of murine brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3)treated with hTNFα by using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and the RT-PCR method. The fusion expression vector harbouring BRI3 gene and enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) thus obtained were designated as pEGFP/I3. Then pEGFP/I3 was transiently transfected into L929 cells and the fusion protein EGFP/I3 was localized in cytoplasm. It is found that the expression of EGFP/I3 could induce cell death in L929 cells detected by TUNEL method and flow cytometry. And the overexpression of Bci-2 in L929 cells can block cell death induced by EGFP/I3, indicating that murine BRI3 gene might related to the TNFα mediated cytotoxicity.     

EGFP-IgG4融合基因真核表达载体的构建及其表达

构建增强型绿色荧光蛋白（Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein, EGFP）和IgG4基因的融合蛋白真核表达载体pMM-EGFP-IgG4/WG，转染至中华仓鼠卵巢细胞(Chinese Hamster Ovary，CHO)中成功表达，并发出绿色荧光，证明pMM-EGFP-IgG4/WG是一种良好的生产分泌型外源融合蛋白的阳性对照.     

绵羊特异新基因OaN2片段的克隆及融合表达

为制备绵羊MHC区段1个新基因(OaN2)的特异性抗体及其表达模式和功能研究奠定基础,克隆OaN2的1个特殊片段(OaN2F,Genbank登录号:GQ244478)并做融合表达。以反转录得到的中国美利奴细毛羊的第一链cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增,并利用扩增产物构建重组质粒,转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α后诱导表达得到OaN2F和GST(谷胱甘肽S转移酶)的融合蛋白GST-OaN2F,将其纯化后鉴定。结果表明,成功克隆到了OaN2F(111bp)片段,并得到了纯化的30kD的GST-OaN2F融合蛋白。     

具有激活RB蛋白生物活性小肽的研究

构建了慢病毒载体表达MP1多肽的RFP融合蛋白(RFP-MP1),并研究了它对人肺腺癌细胞株H1299和人骨髓瘤细胞株U2-OS增殖的影响.U2-OS和H1299细胞中RFPMP1的表达导致了RB在蛋白水平上的积累,使细胞生长受到抑制.此外,细胞流式结果发现RFP-MP1使细胞周期阻滞在G1期.进一步研究表明RFP-MP1能够阻滞RB对E2F活性的抑制.这些结果表明,11肽的MP1能够上调肿瘤细胞中RB蛋白的表达水平并且抑制其生长.     

枯草芽孢杆菌的ade基因在大肠杆菌中的MBP融合表达及活性鉴定

扩增了枯草芽孢杆菌的ade基因, 重组入载体pMal-c2x中, 构建了麦芽糖结合蛋白（MBP）融合蛋白的表达体系. 通过IPTG诱导表达, 用MBP亲和层析法, 纯化该融合蛋白（104 700）, 并通过SDS-PAGE对表达及纯化结果进行检验, 对其酶学性质进行了初步研 究. 分析结果表明: 该融合酶蛋白具有显著的腺嘌呤脱氨酶活性, 证明了ade基因是枯草芽孢杆菌中编码腺嘌呤脱氨酶的基因.     

对虾白斑综合症病毒P9蛋白转录水平的微阵列分析及其免疫荧光标记

从构建的对虾白斑综合症病毒cDNA文库中,我们筛选到一个拷贝数最高,编码82个氨基酸的基因(命名为p9,wsv230).该基因被克隆到pGEX-2T载体中进行GST融合蛋白的原核表达,纯化的融合蛋白GST-P9用于制备特异的多克隆抗体.利用微阵列技术和免疫荧光标记技术,对该蛋白的转录水平及其在感染细胞内的分布进行了初步研究,表明该基因为高丰度表达,推测是对虾白斑综合症病毒的一个重要基因.     

Small G proteins are expressed ubiquitously in lymphoid cells and do not correspond to Bcl-2

The bcl-2 gene is consistently associated with t(14; 18) chromosomal translocations observed in a large fraction of human B-cell lymphomas. The t(14; 18) translocation results in deregulated expression of the bcl-2 gene and synthesis of inappropriately high levels of the Bcl-2 protein. Gene transfer studies suggest a role for Bcl-2 in cell survival, growth enhancement and oncogenic transformation. To test the suggestion that GTP-binding by Bcl-2 may mediate its biological effects we characterized the GTP-binding proteins in lymphoid cells expressing Bcl-2. Expression of several small GTP-binding proteins was found to be ubiquitous and did not vary with levels of Bcl-2. By using immunological, electrophoretic and cell-fractionation techniques, we separated Bcl-2 from G proteins of small relative molecular mass (Mr) and showed that it is incapable of binding GTP. Our results show that small Mr G proteins are widely expressed in lymphoid cells and that Bcl-2 is not a novel member of this GTP-binding protein family.