Phloridzin and red cell phosphate turnover

Résumé L'addition de phlorizine ou de phlorétine à une suspension d'hématies humaines ralentit l'allure d'incorporation du radio-phosphate dans les cellules. Celles-ci contiennent les mêmes quantités d'esters phosphoriques après l'action de la phlorizine. Les deux drogues ne modifient pas non plus les concentrations en Na et en K des cellules.     

Decreased restitution of creatine phosphate in white and red skeletal muscles during aging

Zusammenfassung Die Fähigkeit des Skelettmuskels, in der Ruhe Kreatin-Phosphat (KP) zu restituieren, wird an der Ratte, gesondert an weisser und roter Muskulatur, untersucht. Das Gesamt-Kreatin ist in beiden Muskelarten zwischen jungen, erwachsenen (6–9 Monate) und alten Tieren (25–37 Monate) nicht verschieden. Dagegen ist die Restitution von KP nach gleich langer Ruheperiode bei jungen erwachsenen grösser als bei alten Tieren; in weissen Muskeln 50,1 gegenüber 17,6%, in roten Muskeln 23,6 gegenüber 12,5%.     

Red cell metabolism in red and grey kangaroos

Summary Glucose utilization, lactate production and glutathione regeneration were measured in the red blood cells of 2 species of Australian Marsupials, Eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus gigantus) and red kangaroo (Macropus rufus), and were found to be significantly lower in the red blood cells from grey than that of red kangaroos.The author wishes to thank Mrs T. Stephens, M. A. Gruca and A. Mulley for help in blood collection and laboratory work. This work was supported by a grant from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.     

Red cell metabolism in red and grey kangaroos

Glucose utilization, lactate production and glutathione regeneration were measured in the red blood cells of 2 species of Australian Marsupials, Eastern grey Kangaroo (Macropus gigantus) and red kangaroo (Macropus rufus), and were found to be significantly lower in the red blood cells from grey than that of red kangaroos.     

The changes of the pentose phosphate pathway in red cells during their ageingin vitro

Zusammenfassung Imin vitro alternden Blut wird Abnahme der gesamten Pentosemenge sowie Abnahme deren Bildung während der Inkubation mit Glucose fest-gestellt. Das Absinken ist grösser als die gleichzeitige Abnahme der Glucoseauswertung. Ebenfalls nimmt die stimulatorische Wirkung des Methylenblaus auf die Pentosebildung während der Alterung des Blutes stark ab.     

Tolerance of red cell antigens and transplantation immunity in chickens

Résumé L'injection d'érythrocytes de la poule adulte à poussins récemment éclos abaisse sérieusement leur capacité de repondre dorénavant à l'immunisation active par la formation d'iso-agglutinines.La tolérance à l'égard d'homéogreffes de peau n'est en rien due aux érythrocytes, mais exclusivement aux leucocytes.Nous tirons de ces faits la conclusion que la formation d'isoagglutinines et la réaction conduisant à la destruction d'homéogreffes cutanées représentent deux modes de réponse immunologique nettement différents.     

The effect of microcytosis on red cell constituents

Zusammenfassung Der Gehalt an Riboflavin, Azetylcholin-Esterase, Glutamat-Oxalacetat-Transaminase, Glutamat-Pyruvat-Transaminase und Folinsäure wurde in menschlichen Erythrozyten verschiedener Grössenordnung bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass ihre intrazelluläre Konzentration, im Gegensatz zu derjenigen des Hämoglobins, keinen limitierenden Einfluss auf die Fortdauer der Synthese dieser Stoffe ausübt.

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This work was supported by grants from Tenovus and the Endowment Fund of the United Cardiff Hospitals.     

Shape,volume and integrity of reconstituted human red cell ghosts

Resumen El contenido de cationes en una preparación de eritrocitos resellados, usado como criterio de resellado, dió un volumen parcial de 40%. La morfologia de la superficie de dicha preparación ha sido investigada mediante el microscopio electrónico de barrido. Todas las células presentaban irregularidades en su superficie. La distributión del volumen de células reselladas medida en el contador electrónico de células es diferente de la de celulas intactas, pero las diferencias morfológicas observadas no eran suficientes para distinguir entre células reselladas y permeables.     

Effect of prolactin on human red cell sodium transport

Summary Incubation of red cells with higher concentrations of prolactin in vitro enhanced the cellular sodium level and produced a significant reduction in erythrocyte membrane adenosine triphosphatase activity. This effect was dose and time-dependent. It is the result of an inhibition of the active sodium pump similar to that produced by ouabain, suggesting altered red cell function and electrolyte balance in hyperprolactinemic states.Acknowledgments. Ovine prolactin was generously supplied by Ferring (Malmö, Sweden) and NPA, NIH (Maryland, USA). Thanks are also due to Prof. S. Dutta, Wayne State University, Detroit, for the gift, of ouabain octahydrate and Dr M. Ramachandran and Prof. S. Ramakrishnan, Department of Biochemistry, JIPMER, Pondicherry, for their encouragement and keen interest in this study.     

Effect of prolactin on human red cell sodium transport

Incubation of red cells with higher concentrations of prolactin in vitro enhanced the cellular sodium level and produced a significant reduction in erythrocyte membrane adenosine triphosphatase activity. This effect was dose and time-dependent. It is the result of an inhibition of the active sodium pump similar to that produced by ouabain, suggesting altered red cell function and electrolyte balance in hyperprolactinemic states.     

The effect of sodium nitrite on red cell GSH

Zusammenfassung Bei der Nachuntersuchung der Nitritwirkung auf das GSH der unversehrten Erythrocyten konnte nur ein geringfügiger Effekt festgestellt werden. Die früher mitgeteilte totale Zerstörung der GSH wurde auf einen Artefakt zurückgeführt, der während der Eiweissfällung mit Metaphosphorsäure auftrat.

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Supported in part by U.S.P.H.S. Grants H-5313 and H-5292.     

Changes in red blood cell choline and choline-bound lipids with oral lithium

Summary The influence of oral lithium on the concentration of red blood cell choline (Ch), lecithin, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPCh) and phosphorylcholine (PCh) was studied. The concentration of RBC Ch was significantly elevated and the concentration of lecithin, GPCh and PCh significantly depressed in 16 patients on oral lithium compared to 9 age-matched controls. We conclude that lithium markedly depletes the red blood cell of choline containing compounds including lecithin. These changes may be responsible for both the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of lithium.     

Changes in red blood cell choline and choline-bound lipids with oral lithium

The influence of oral lithium on the concentration of red blood cell choline (Ch), lecithin, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPCh) and phosphorylcholine (PCh) was studied. The concentration of RBC Ch was significantly elevated and the concentration of lecithin, GPCh and PCh significantly depressed in 16 patients on oral lithium compared to 9 age-matched controls. We conclude that lithium markedly depletes the red blood cell of choline containing compounds including lecithin. These changes may be responsible for both the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of lithium.     

Calcium transport by red blood cell membranes from young and adult cattle

Summary It is shown using inside-out membrane vesicles that cattle red cells extrude calcium by means of a calmodulin sensitive Ca-pump whose activity is high in calves and extremely low in adult cows. The deline is not due to loss of calmodulin susceptibility nor to a drop in Ca-affinity.     

Calcium transport by red blood cell membranes from young and adult cattle

It is shown using inside-out membrane vesicles that cattle red cells extrude calcium by means of a calmodulin sensitive Ca-pump whose activity is high in calves and extremely low in adult cows. The decline is not due to loss of calmodulin susceptibility nor to a drop in Ca-affinity.     

The mucopeptide turnover in the cell walls of growing cultures ofBacillus megaterium KM

Zusammenfassung Die Zellwände vonBacillus megaterium, in der Vorkultur durch 2-¹⁴C Diaminopimelinsäure (DAP) markiert, geben im Lauf ihrer weiteren Kultivierung DAP in den metabolischen «Pool» frei. Ein Teil der freigewordenen DAP wird zu¹⁴C Lysin dekarboxyliert und erscheint in Eiweiss inkorporiert. Aus dem Verhältnis der Radioaktivitäten in der Eiweiss- und in der Mucopeptidfraktion wurde die Geschwindigkeit des Mucopeptidumsatzes in den sich vermehrenden Zellen auf 3–4% in der Stunde festgestellt.