粉煤灰对混凝土热膨胀系数的影响

为了探讨了粉煤灰对混凝土热膨胀系数的影响,采用颗粒表面密封法和压汞法研究了不同品种的固相颗粒、孔隙率和龄期对水泥石热膨胀系数的影响,并采用扫描电镜和能谱分析验证了表面密封法的可靠性.实验结果表明:不同品种的固相颗粒对水泥石热膨胀系数的影响大小依次为Ca(OH)2、粉煤灰、水泥熟料、CSH凝胶;水泥石的总孔隙率随龄期的增长而减小;混凝土热膨胀系数随水化龄期的增长而升高,随粉煤灰掺量的增加先升高后降低;粉煤灰对混凝土的热膨胀系数有明显影响.     

玻璃组成对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃烧结、晶化和性能的影响

采用烧结法制备以钙长石为主晶相的微晶玻璃.采用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和性能测试研究玻璃组成对玻璃的烧结、晶化特性和性能的影响.结果表明:随着CaO含量的增加,玻璃转变温度和析晶放热峰温度逐渐降低,而且析晶放热峰变得尖锐;增加氧化钙降低玻璃的析晶活化能,有利于玻璃的析晶;随着SiO2量的增加,玻璃转变温度和析晶放热峰温度移向高温,使玻璃的析晶困难;玻璃样品的烧结温度随CaO含量的增加而降低, 但过多的CaO促进硅酸钙的析出,增加样品的介电常数和热膨胀系数;增加SiO2能够降低微晶玻璃样品的热膨胀系数,改善其介电性能;所制备的微晶玻璃具有相对密度高(≥98.3%),介电常数适中(6.9～7.5),介电损耗低(≤0.1%),热膨胀系数低(3.8×10-6～4.5×10-6 /℃),烧结温度(900～1 000 ℃)低,及介电常数温度稳定性低(66×10-6～113×10-6 /℃).     

ZnS类石墨烯热膨胀系数、弹性模量以及有效电荷变化规律研究

考虑到形变和原子的非简谐振动,用固体物理方法,研究了ZnS类石墨烯的热膨胀系数和弹性模量随温度的变化规律以及有效电荷和极性与形变的关系,探讨了形变和原子非简谐振动对它们的影响.结果表明:①ZnS类石墨烯的热膨胀系数为负值,数值在1.178×10~(-3)～22.323×10~(-3)K~(-1)之间随着温度升高而增大;而弹性模量在0.241 405～453.253 5 GPa之间随着温度的升高而增大.②简谐近似下,热膨胀系数为零,弹性模量为常量;考虑非简谐项后它们才随温度升高而变化,温度愈高,非简谐效应愈显著.③大小形变、剪切形变、单轴形变这3种形变中,大小形变对正有效电荷、单轴形变对负有效电荷影响最大,剪切形变对正、负有效电荷影响最小;④大小形变对极性的影响可达到70.4%,而剪切形变的影响仅为46.5%.     

MJS加固水泥土热物理特性研究

目的研究MJS加固水泥土的热物理特性,解决MJS与冻结止水联合加固冻结设计的水泥土热物理参数取值问题.方法通过自制冻结温度测试系统测定MJS水泥土冻结温度,通过ISOMET便携式热特性分析仪测定导热系数及容积热容量,采用SHR-6型水泥水化热测定仪测定水化热.结果 MJS水泥土冻结温度随水泥掺量增大而降低,随龄期增长先降低后升高再降低,冻结温度在-0.64～-1.40℃;冻结与常温MJS水泥土导热系数均随龄期增长及水泥掺量增大而减小;常温MJS水泥土容积热容量随龄期增长而减小、随水泥掺量增大先减小后增大,冻结MJS水泥土容积热容量随龄期增长及水泥掺量增大而缓慢减小;随水泥掺量增大,MJS水泥土水化放热速率峰值提高,而到达放热速率峰值的时间均为水化15 h左右;水化热在28 d龄期内,随龄期增长和水泥掺量增大而增大,龄期28 d时,水泥掺量由40%每增加1%,水化热增加0.95%.结论 MJS水泥土热物理参数受水泥掺量及龄期影响较大,人工冻结加固方案设计应充分考虑水泥掺量和龄期的影响.     

单轴应力条件下水泥石强度与弹性模量的关系

利用高温高压养护釜、压力试验机等设备对油井水泥石的应力-应变曲线进行了检测.分析了温度、外加剂对水泥石强度和弹性模量的影响规律,研究了强度与弹性模量关系模型的建立问题.结果表明,单轴应力条件下水泥石具有明显的弹性变形及脆性破坏特征;强度与弹性模最初随养护温度提升而增大,达到一定温度后,随温度继续升高而减小;各体系的强度及弹性模量均随养护时间的增长而增加,分散剂、降失水剂、胶乳能降低强度和弹性模量,早强剂、膨胀剂能增加强度和弹性模量,硅砂能增加高温条件下水泥石的强度及弹性模量;采用数据回归分析方法建立水泥石强度与弹性模量之间的关系模型,可以依据所建立的模型利用水泥石强度测试数据估算弹性模量.     

硬化水泥砂浆热膨胀系数影响因素

热膨胀性能是影响水泥基材料温度变形和开裂的重要指标.通过对硬化砂浆不同龄期热膨胀系数的测定,研究了水胶比、胶集比、矿物掺合料种类、粉煤灰掺量和细集料种类对砂浆热膨胀系数的影响规律.结果表明,硬化砂浆的热膨胀系数随水胶比和胶集比的增加而增大,其本质区别是用水量和水泥用量增加导致的水泥石热膨胀系数变化.矿粉能够增加砂浆的热膨胀系数,而粉煤灰则起抑制作用,热膨胀系数随着粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低.在对砂浆热膨胀系数的降低效果方面,大理岩砂玄武岩砂砂岩砂天然砂.     

配合比参数对混凝土热膨胀系数的影响

混凝土的热膨胀系数是体积稳定性的重要表征参数之一．采用正交设计的试验方法，研究了配合比设计参数对热膨胀系数的影响，并用功效系数法确定满足多项指标的优化配合比方案．试验结果表明，混凝土热膨胀系数随单位用水量、浆集比的增大而升高．水灰质量比的影响则取决于水泥用量和用水量的相对关系，当用水量一定时，热膨胀系数随水灰质量比的增大而降低；当水泥用量一定时，热膨胀系数随水灰质量比的增大而升高．热膨胀系数早龄期的变化较快，后期渐缓并趋于稳定．混凝土热膨胀系数与环境相对湿度有关，在75％时达到最大．     

氨-硝酸锂在多根竖管内的降膜吸收实验研究

设计了含多根竖管的降膜式吸收器,以氨-硝酸锂作为吸收实验的工质对,对吸收器内氨蒸汽压力及其对应的饱和温度、吸收压力势、溶液进口温度、溶液进口质量分数和溶液喷淋密度等对氨的平均吸收速率的影响进行了实验.实验结果表明:当吸收速率变化范围为2.2×10~(-6)～4.8×10~(-6) g·m~(-2)·s~(-1)·Pa~(-1)时,吸收速率随吸收压力的变化趋于线性;吸收速率随吸收器溶液进口温度的增大而降低;吸收速率随吸收器进口溶液喷淋质量分数的降低而增大;并且随着喷淋密度的增大,吸收速率先增大后趋于平稳.     

氮化铝热膨胀系数及高温弹性系数的第一性原理研究

结合连续弹性理论和第一性原理方法,对氮化铝晶体的热膨胀系数和高温弹性系数进行了理论计算.计算结果表明,当温度高于500K时,六角和立方氮化铝的热膨胀系数随温度升高呈线性增加.当温度为2 000K时,六角氮化铝a轴、c轴的热膨胀系数分别为0.853 49×10-5 K-1和0.849 64×10-5 K-1;立方氮化铝a轴的热膨胀系数为1.353 7×10-5K-1.当温度从0K升高到2 000K六角氮化铝的弹性系数c11,c12,c13,c33和c44下降幅度分别为10.61％,-4.52％,-2.0％,13.80％和20.76％,而立方氮化铝的弹性系数c11,c12和c44的下降幅度分别为29.23％,35.33％和21.10％.     

Cr1-xAlxN涂层的结构和热力学性能

采用特殊准随机结构(SQS)模型描述无序B1相Cr_(1-x)Al_xN固溶体,基于德拜模型,通过第一性原理方法研究了Cr_(1-x)Al_xN涂层的结构、热力学性质及热膨胀系数.研究发现,计算得到的结构性质与现有实验数据吻合较好,热熔、焓、和熵随温度增加而增加,吉布斯自由能随温度增加而减小. Al含量对氮化物熵值和热膨胀系数影响较大,随着Al含量增加熵逐渐减小,热膨胀系数增大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that