微量热研究稀土离子对大肠杆菌的作用

用不同浓度的甲醛染毒人宫颈癌Hela细胞、离体小鼠睾丸细胞、昆虫小菜蛾细胞,应用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测细胞DNA的损伤效应.结果表明:对于Hela细胞和小菜蛾细胞,甲醛在10 μmol/L时可以极显著地诱导DNA断裂(P<0.01);在30 μmol/L时既有断裂也有交联作用(P<0.01),而在50μmol/L时尾部DNA百分比和尾距与阴性对照组无显著差异(P>0.05).对于睾丸细胞,甲醛在10μmol/L、30 μmol/L和50μmol/L时均可导致DNA断裂(P<0.05,P<0.01).该结果提示:甲醛兼具有断裂和交联的作用,可引起多种细胞DNA的损伤.     

间二硝基苯对小鼠睾丸生殖细胞DNA损伤作用的SCGE研究

采用小鼠睾丸支持细胞/ 生殖细胞共培养法以及单细胞凝胶电泳技术,研究了间二硝基苯对小鼠睾丸生殖细胞DNA的损伤作用.结果表明:间二硝基苯能够导致生殖细胞DNA链断裂,而且其受损率与剂量具有明显的剂量效应关系,与对照组相比均具有显著性差异(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);间二硝基苯可以引起离体小鼠睾丸生殖细胞DNA损伤,具有生殖毒性.     

双酚A对SPF雄性SD大鼠生殖器官的病理损伤作用及其对Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响

20只22日龄SPF雄性SD大鼠,随机分为对照组和试验组(双酚A染毒组),每组10只.试验组给按5 mg/kg体重双酚A(BPA)灌胃,对照组按等体积植物油灌胃,1次/d.灌胃28 d后,称量大鼠体重;无痛处死后剖检,取睾丸,称量睾丸湿重并计算睾丸系数;采用石蜡切片技术,观察睾丸、附睾的组织病理学变化;采用免疫组织化学方法检测睾丸和附睾中Bcl-2及Bax蛋白表达量的变化.结果显示:BPA染毒组睾丸重量和睾丸系数明显低于对照组(P＜0.01);组织病理学观察可见,BPA染毒组睾丸曲细精管内生精细胞和支持细胞明显变性坏死,附睾中精细胞退变、液化.免疫组织化学观察发现BPA染毒组睾丸和附睾中Bax蛋白表达量明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),而Bcl-2蛋白表达量却明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),Bcl-2/Bax也显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).上述结果表明BPA可引起SPF雄性sD大鼠生殖器官睾丸和附睾的严重的不可逆损伤,造成损伤的机制一方面是直接引起生精细胞和精细胞的坏死液化,另一方面还可通过促进Bax蛋白的表达,同时抑制Bcl-2蛋白的表达以致引起生殖细胞的大量凋亡,结果导致睾丸和附睾结构的严重损伤.     

除草剂丁草胺对虎纹蛙成体红细胞的DNA损伤

以栖息于水田的虎纹蛙(H op loba trachus rugu losus)成体为研究对象,用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳方法(或慧星试验,SCGE)对暴露在不同质量浓度的丁草胺(4.25×10-3,8.50×10-3,4.25×10-2,8.50×10-2,0.43,0.85,1.70,5.10 m g/L)溶液中的红细胞进行了遗传毒性的检测.结果表明,在实验室条件下,随着农药质量浓度的增加,红细胞的DNA损伤程度随之增加;在丁草胺质量浓度为4.25×10-3m g/L时,虎纹蛙红细胞的DNA损伤程度与对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05);当质量浓度为8.50×10-3m g/L的丁草胺处理1.5 h,就会造成显著的损伤(P<0.05);丁草胺的剂量与DNA损伤程度呈显著的线性关系:细胞的损伤率:y=12.129 x 20.084,r=0.919,P<0.01;AU:y=33.684 x 56.698,r=0.885,P<0.01.研究表明丁草胺对两栖动物具有遗传毒性作用,在检测环境污染物对两栖类的遗传毒性方面,碱性单细胞凝胶电泳分析是一种合适的方法.     

氟、砷对体外培养大鼠血管内皮细胞的损伤作用

目的观察氟、砷对大鼠血管内皮细胞的损伤作用.方法体外分离培养大鼠胸主动脉血管内皮细胞,浓度按氟化钠(Na F)0,600,900μmol/L与亚砷酸钠(Na As O2)0,0.1,1.0μmol/L配伍,染毒培养时间为48 h.光镜观察细胞生长形态,四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)检测细胞活性,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况,单细胞凝胶电泳法分析内皮细胞DNA损伤情况.结果非染毒对照组及氟、砷低浓度组细胞生长良好,呈梭形和卵石形,氟、砷单独及联合高浓度组细胞生长状态较差,部分细胞呈圆形,有坏死;氟、砷单独及联合高浓度组细胞活性低于非染毒对照组及氟、砷低浓度组(P0.05);氟、砷单独及联合高浓度组细胞凋亡率高于非染毒对照组及氟、砷低浓度组(P0.05);同样,氟、砷单独及联合高浓度组细胞DNA损伤较非染毒对照组及氟、砷低浓度组严重(P0.05).结论氟、砷单独及联合作用可降低大鼠血管内皮细胞活性,诱导细胞凋亡,引发细胞DNA损伤,并存在明显的剂量-效应关系,提示氟、砷对内皮细胞的生长抑制及DNA损伤作用是血液、循环系统损伤的重要因素.     

苯并(a)芘对体外培养人淋巴细胞免疫活性和HSP70的影响

不同浓度苯并(a)芘[B(a)P](0.125、0.250、0.500、1.000、2.000、4.000、8.000、16.000 μmol/L)处理体外培养的人淋巴细胞系721.221,研究B(a)P对体外培养的人淋巴细胞免疫活性和热休克蛋白70的影响.染毒16 h,分别应用MTT比色法、Elisa法和Western blot法研究B(a)P对体外培养的淋巴细胞细胞活力、细胞因子IFN-α、interleukin-1α和interleukin-6分泌和热休克蛋白70表达情况的影响.与对照组比较,0.125～1.000μmol/L低剂量B(a)P染毒组促进细胞的生长(P＜0.05),1.000 μmol/L B(a)P染毒组细胞的增殖活性达到峰值,与溶剂对照组相比,增加了55％.2.000～ 16.000 μmol/L B(a)P染毒细胞,16 h后对细胞活力存在显著抑制作用(P＜0.05).IFN-α随着B(a)P染毒浓度的升高,IFN α分泌呈先上升后下降的趋势,1 μmol/L B(a)P染毒组分泌达到峰值,随后降低.IL-1α和IL-6分泌随着染毒浓度的增加而降低,与对照组相比有统计学意义(P＜0.05),呈现剂量-效应关系.HSP70随着染毒浓度的增加,呈现先增加后降低的趋势.本研究证实B(a)P对721.221细胞活力、免疫活性和应急因子的影响存在显著的剂量依赖性,为今后评估人群接触B(a)P对免疫系统和自身应急系统的毒性提供实验依据.     

DBP暴露对雄性大鼠睾丸结构与功能的影响

目的利用成熟雄性大鼠为动物模型研究邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)对哺乳动物生长发育及生殖的毒性作用.方法将40只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分成4组,分别为500,250,50 mg/(kg.d-1)3个染毒组和1个对照组,灌胃量为5 mL/kg体质量,灌胃法连续给药6周.对体质量、脏器系数等指标进行称量;对附睾中精子密度、精子畸形率等进行检测;对睾丸的组织学形态进行观察.结果与对照组比较,中、高剂量组体质量、睾丸、附睾及睾丸脏器系数指标有统计学意义(P0.05);体质量、右侧睾丸和右侧附睾与染毒剂量呈负性相关(r=-0.771 03,P0.001;r=-0.638 9,P0.001;r=-0.618 5,P0.05).高、中剂量组精子密度、精子活率分别与对照组和低剂量组比较均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);高、中剂量组总畸形率分别与对照组和低剂量组比较均增高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05).结论一定剂量的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对大鼠的生长发育及睾丸功能具有毒性作用.     

钼对小鼠生殖毒性研究

为了探讨高剂量钼的生殖毒性作用,选择40只雌性和20只雄性小鼠(60日龄),随机分成4组,每组10只雌性和5只雄性小鼠,分别为空白对照组、低钼组(100 mg/L)、中钼组(200 mg/L)和高钼组(400 mg/L)。试验处理4周后,雌雄合笼饲养,进行生殖毒性试验。记录产仔数,计算分娩率和每胎产仔数。取F1代小鼠,检测雄鼠睾丸细胞微核率、精子畸形率、精子数量、雄鼠卵泡刺激素和睾酮水平,以及雌鼠卵泡刺激素和雌激素水平。试验结果显示:高钼可显著地降低小鼠的繁殖性能,F1代时,高钼组小鼠分娩率显著低于对照组(P<0.01),而F1代雄性小鼠睾丸细胞微核率、精子畸形率显著高于对照组(P<0.01),精子数量、睾酮水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。长期高钼暴露对小鼠有一定的生殖毒性。     

甲醛对小鼠器官组织内cAMP含量的影响及其机理探讨

为探讨甲醛是否通过信号分子途径影响造血系统的代谢调节,选用雄性Balb/c小鼠为研究对象,采用动态吸入方式染毒7 d,每天8 h,染毒浓度分别为0,0.5,1.0,3.0 mg/m3.染毒结束后,检测小鼠脑、血浆、骨髓中cAMP含量变化.结果表明,在不同浓度的甲醛暴露条件下,与空白对照组相比,脑组织中cAMP含量没有显著性变化;血浆中cAMP含量与对照组相比,0.5、3.0 mg/m3染毒组出现极显著性差异(P<0.01),1.0 mg/m3染毒组出现显著性差异(P<0.05);骨髓中cAMP含量与对照组相比,0.5,1.0,3.0 mg/m3染毒组都出现显著性差异(P<0.05).研究表明,甲醛暴露对造血系统的毒性与胞内信号分子cAMP传导途径相关.     

阿维A对HaCaT细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨阿维A对角质形成细胞(HaCaT)增殖的影响及其发挥作用的适宜浓度.方法:分别以浓度为1×10-7mol/L、1×10-6mol/L、5×10-6mol/L阿维A作用于HaCaT细胞,用四氮唑盐类化合物(MTS)比色法检测每组12、24、48和72 h HaCaT细胞的增殖情况.结果:与空白对照组相比,大于或等于1×10-6mol/L阿维A可以抑制HaCaT细胞增殖,并且在作用24 h后随着阿维A浓度的增加,其对HaCaT细胞增殖的抑制作用增强.结论:阿维A抑制HaCaT细胞增殖适宜浓度为5×10-6mol/L.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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