连续时间Guichardet-Fock空间中修正随机梯度算子的性质

讨论了连续时间Guichardet-Fock空间L²(Γ;η)中修正随机梯度算子及修正点态随机梯度算子族{_s;s∈R₊}的性质。讨论表明:修正随机梯度算子是L²(Γ;η)中的稠定无界线性算子,而修正点态随机梯度算子族{_s;s∈R₊}及其共轭族{^*_s;s∈R₊}是L²(Γ;η)中的有界线性算子,具有很多性质:满足典则反交换关系和幂零性;{_s;s∈R₊}与{^*_s;s∈R₊}的不等时复合可交换,即_s^*_s=^*_ss,对∠s≠t;同时{^*_ss;s∈R₊}是L²(Γ;η)上一族正交投影。另外,利用{_s;s∈R₊}和{^*_s;s∈R₊},构造了L²(Γ;η)上一个酉算子群。     

弱鞅的一类极小值不等式

在弱鞅序列{S_n, n≥1}的背景下, 给出了序列{c_nS_n, n≥1}和{c_ng(S_n), n≥1}的一类极小值不等式。 所得结论推广了已有文献中的相关结果。     

沼液中$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$对土壤CO2释放的影响

【目的】揭示沼液施用过程中$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$对土壤CO₂释放的影响机制。【方法】分别向土壤添加沼液原液(BS)、原液去除$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$ (BS-B)、去离子水加HC(W+B)和去离子水(W)后,对土壤进行30 d的培养,观测土壤CO₂释放特征。【结果】BS处理下,土壤CO₂释放速率从2 h时的36.6 mg/(kg·h)快速降至30 d时的2.7 mg/(kg·h),BS-B处理CO₂释放速率从最高时的9.3 mg/(kg·h)(第1 天)降至1.9 mg/(kg·h)(第30 天),前者显著高于后者。30 d内,BS处理下土壤CO₂累计释放193.0 g/kg,BS-B处理下仅为97.8 g/kg。由此可见,沼液中的$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$显著促进了土壤CO₂的释放。相比较而言,W+B处理下土壤CO₂释放速率从最高时的12.0 mg/(kg·h)降至15 d时的0.6 mg/(kg·h),培养期内土壤CO₂累计释放54.5 g/kg;W处理下土壤CO₂释放速率在培养期内的变化为0.2~1.6 mg/(kg·h),CO₂累计释放34.4 g/kg。培养期内,BS处理下土壤CO₂释放量是BS-B与W+B两处理之和的1.6倍。$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$对土壤CO₂释放的贡献主要发生在上覆水层,且以$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$水解及$\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}$氧化贡献的H⁺与$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$的相互作用为主要途径。【结论】施用沼液后,大量$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$的添加是引起土壤CO₂释放加快且释放量增加的主要原因之一,土壤CO₂释放的增加并非$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$本身与除$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$之外沼液其他组分贡献的加和,二者存在显著的协同作用。     

一个新型层状硒酸钒无机-有机杂化材料的水热合成、结构表征及荧光性质

用水热法合成一个层状无机-有机杂化硒钒酸盐,并通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射测试技术对其结构进行表征.结果表明:该化合物属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,a=0.84293(2)nm,b=0.92867(3)nm,c=0.97095(2)nm,α=97.037(2)°,β=110.806(2)°,γ=98.385(2)°,V=0.6903(3)nm3,Z=2,R1=0.0225,wR2=0.0693;该化合物具有层状结构,由{V6Se2O25}八元环、{V4Se2O19}六元环和{V2Se2O13}四元环交替排列构成,并通过2,2′-联吡啶分子面与面之间的π-π作用形成三维超分子结构.荧光光谱分析结果表明,该化合物室温下显示出较强的蓝色荧光性质.     

四川华蓥二叠-三叠系界线剖面稳定碳同位素变化特征及其生物地球化学循环成因

对四川华蓥楼房湾剖面稳定碳同位素进行的研究表明,该地区二叠-三叠系界线附近碳同位素变化趋势与全球变化基本一致。早三叠世早期Δ_B平均值高于晚二叠世晚期,指示海水中磷酸盐浓度的增大和初级生产力的繁盛。从晚二叠世末期开始δ¹³C_carb的缓慢降低是由大规模火山作用以及陆地风化作用加强造成的;早三叠世最早期δ¹³C_carb和δ¹³C_org的快速同步降低所代表的全球碳循环变化主要受控于生物集群绝灭的主幕及海平面上升引起的底部缺氧水上涌。总之,二叠-三叠纪之交碳同位素变化是火山作用、海平面变化、海洋和陆地生物集群绝灭以及缺氧水上涌等因素综合作用的结果。     

The symmetric solutions of affiliated value model

0　IntroductionIntheprocessofR&Ditem ,thereisusuallycompetition .ManyfirmswanttoinvestR&Dtoobtainapatent.Lury[1 ] gaveanequilibriuminvestmentundertheconditionofone timeinvestmentandcontinuousinvestmentwhenthepayoffwasafixedprize.Ref.[2 ]analyzedtheeffectofinformationsharinginR&D .TherearemanyliteraturesaboutanalysisofR&DlevelswhenfirmscompeteinoutputmarketafterR&Dsucceeds[3 ,4] .Additionally ,todecideinvestmentlevel,therearemanyliteraturesaboutR&Ditem’spricing .MondherBellalah[5] ,K .…     

三种端元气δ13C1-Ro模型建立与应用

端元气δ¹³C₁-R_o模型是天然气成因判识、气源对比及混源气定量判识的重要工具。为了满足Ⅱ型有机质生成天然气识别及评价的需要,根据母质类型将有机热成因天然气划分为I、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型等3种端元气,并利用126组实测天然气数据得到3种端元气的δ¹³C₁-R_o模型。I型,δ¹³C₁=27.55 lg R_o-47.20;Ⅱ型,δ¹³C₁=25.55 lg R_o-40.76;Ⅲ型,δ¹³C₁=48.77 lg R_o-34.10（R_o < 0.9%）,δ¹³C₁=22.42 lg R_o-34.80（R_o ≥ 0.9%）。为了方便模型应利用建模样品的δ¹³C₁、δ¹³C₂数据,绘制了三端元气及其混源气的别图版。根据该图版,济阳拗陷坨165、车571与孤东9井天然气分别为I和Ⅱ型端元气混源、Ⅱ型端元气与I型端元气。     

ρ~--混合序列部分和之和乘积的几乎处处中心极限定理

设{X,Xn}n∈N为一严平稳的ρ--混合随机变量序列,利用混合序列加权和的中心极限定理及矩不等式,获得了权重为dk=k-1exp{logαk}(0≤α1/2)的ρ--混合序列部分和之和乘积的几乎处处中心极限定理.     

Texture evolution of commercial pure Ti during cold rolling and recrystallization annealing

X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to analyze the texture evolution of commercial pure (CP) Ti during cold rolling and recrystallization annealing. The texture components were measured by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) after recrystallization annealing. The CP Ti tends to form a texture with the basal pole tilted 30°-40° away from the normal direction toward the transverse direction. The texture of the initial hot-rolled plate can be classified into three kinds, i.e., the pyramid texture (1013)[5230] and (2021)[1015], the basal plane texture (0001)[2110], and the stronger prism texture (1120)[0001]. After cold rolling and annealing (700℃, 60 min), the main texture components are the cold-rolled texture (1125)[1123] and the recrystallized texture (1013)[5230]. The texture (2021)[1015] is inherited from the texture of the initial hot-rolled plate with the decrease of orientation density gradually. The volume contents of the cold-rolled texture {2115} <0110> and the recrystallized texture {1013} <1210> are calculated by EBSD. After recrystallization annealing, the specimen is rich in the recrystallized texture and inherits some of texture components from the cold-rolled texture. When the annealing time is prolonged, the anisotropic value decreases.     

Rare earth elements and carbon isotope geochemistry of the Doushantuo Formation in South China: Implication for middle Ediacaran shallow marine redox conditions

The middle Ediacaran Shuram excursion, the largest negative δ 13 C carb excursion in Earth history, has been interpreted as indirect evidence for episodic oxidation and remineralization of deep ocean DOC (dissolved organic carbon). It has been hypothesized that such oxidation event may have occurred when anoxic DOC-laden deep water was brought to shallow shelves during oceanic upwelling, which is expected to cause localized anoxia in shallow environments. To test this prediction, we systematically analyzed rare earth elements (REE) and δ 13 C carb of the upper Doushantuo Formation carbonates in the Yangtze Gorges area of South China, which were deposited in an inner shelf environment and record a large negative δ 13 C carb excursion correlated to the Shuram event. The REE data show a significant positive shift in Ce/Ce* values, synchronous with a pronounced negative δ 13 C carb shift. This positive Ce/Ce* shift is interpreted to represent an oceanic anoxia event in shallow shelf environments, which may have been caused by the upwelling or impingement of oxygen-depleted and 12 C-enriched deep water onto shelves. This anoxia event coincides with a sharp decline in the abundance and diversity of Ediacaran acanthomorphic acritarchs, raising the possibility that these two geobiological events may be causally related.     

Characterization of type<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> Banach spaces by the weak law of large numbers

For weighted sums of the form where {a _nj , 1 ⩽j⩽k _n ↑∞,n⩾1} is a real constant array and {X _aj , 1≤j≤k _{n, n}≥1} is a rowwise independent, zero mean, random element array in a real separable Banach space of typep, we establishL ^r convergence theorem and a general weak law of large numbers respectively, conversely, we characterize Banach spaces of typep in terms of convergence inr-th mean and probability for such weighted sums. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10071058) Biography: Gan Shi-xin (1939-), male, Professor, research direction: martingale theory, probability limiting theory and Banach space geometry theory.     

济南市一次持续性重污染天气的颗粒物化学组分演变分析

为研究济南市冬季大气重污染过程特征,以2020年12月8日—13日发生的一次典型大气重污染过程为例,从污染过程、气象条件、细颗粒物化学组分等角度综合分析此次重污染过程的特征和成因。结果表明,此次重污染过程期间首要污染物均为PM_2.5,其平均质量浓度为137 μg/m³,11日21时达到此次污染峰值,PM_2.5质量浓度高达为235 μg/m³。重污染期间高空环流较为平直;低层850 hPa受西南气流影响,有利于逆温层结的形成;地面均压场控制,平流雾、辐射雾交替产生。静稳气象条件使得PM_2.5质量浓度累积及高湿状态下颗粒物二次转化增强。观测期间,二次离子(SNA= $SO^{2-}_{4}$ + $NO^{-}_{3}$ + $NH^{+}_{4}$) 质量浓度为85.4 μg/m³,占PM_2.5质量浓度的52.0%。硫转化率(R_S)和氮氧化率(R_N)均值分别为0.44和0.33,大气中SO₂和NO₂的二次氧化程度较高;R_S高于R_N,表明污染期间二次$SO^{2-}_{4}$的二次转化效率高于 $NO^{-}_{3}$。$\rho_{NO^{-}_{3}}$ / $\rho_{SO^{2-}_{4}}$平均值为2.1,表明移动源对PM_2.5污染的贡献占主导地位。有机碳和元素碳浓度的平均比值为6.5,可见本次重污染期间济南市大气中存在二次有机碳(SOC)污染。采用有机碳和元素碳比值(ρ_OC/ρ_EC)最小比值法估算得到重污染期间一次有机碳浓度和二次有机碳浓度分别为11.9 μg/m³、4.3 μg/m³,表明一次燃烧源对污染过程有较大贡献。     

Generalized Galerkin approximations for pseudoinverses and operator equations of the first kind

0 IntroductionLeqtuiliHnebaer afo rHimlbaenrtd sap baoceun.dLeedtlianaenardfufnbceti oan baolu onndeHd ,serse--spectively. Our goal is to seekv∈Hsuchthata(u,v) =f(u) , u∈ H (1)As a rule, we call the expression (1) a variational equationandva solutiontothis equation.By virtue of the Riesz repre-sentationtheorem,there exists a uniquely determined boundedlinear operatorA:H→Hsuchthata(u,v) =〈u,Av〉, u,v∈ H,where〈·,·〉is the inner product onH.If the sesquilinearformais also with posit…     

双截尾的Cauchy 分布顺序统计量的渐近分布

设 {X_k, 1 ≤k ≤n}独立同分布, X_1:n, X_2:n, … , X_n:n为其顺序统计量。当 X_k服从参数为 A 和 B(A1:n和X_n:n的渐近分布; 当 k(k>1)固定时,得到X_n:n和X_n-k+1:n的渐近分布; 并且证明其极端顺序统计量X_1:n和X_n:n是渐近独立的。     

体膨颗粒非均质裂缝封堵效果与改善

体膨颗粒已广泛应用于高温高盐裂缝性油藏控水,且其封堵效果与颗粒尺寸、颗粒分流率密切相关。采用人工造缝的碳酸盐岩露头岩芯组模拟非均质裂缝储层,在130℃、19.8×10⁴ mg/L条件下进行体膨颗粒裂缝堵水效果评价与改善实验。结果发现,粒径过大、窄裂缝分流率过高的体膨颗粒可能加剧裂缝产液的非均质性,而粒径过小的体膨颗粒不适用于出水强度较高的储层。将可固化覆膜颗粒与体膨颗粒联用,前者在油藏高温下固化于宽裂缝内形成不可动筛网段塞,令后者从宽裂缝中突破的压力梯度显著高于窄裂缝,进而可有效改善非均质裂缝的产液剖面,并消除因体膨颗粒尺寸、分流率不当对裂缝封堵带来的负面影响。研究有助于进一步认识体膨颗粒的非均质裂缝封堵行为,对提高裂缝油藏的控水效果具有积极意义。     

The boundedness of singular integral operator along an open curve

It is well known that, the singular integral operatorS defined as: ifL is a closed smooth contour in the complex plane C, thenS is a bounded linear operator fromH ^μ(L) intoH ^μ(L): ifL is an open smooth curve, thenS is just a linear operator fromH ^* intoH ^*. In this paper, we define a Banach space , and prove that is a bounded linear operator, then verify the boundedness of other kinds of singular integral operators. Supported by the National Science Foundation of China Wang Xiaolin: born in Aug. 1950, Professor     

Kinetics of C2(a3Πu) radical reactions with NO, N2O, O2, H2 and NH3

Pulsed laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence (LP-LIF) is utilized to measure rate constants for C₂(a³Π_u) reactions with NO, N₂O, O₂, H₂ and NH₃. Multiphoton dissociation of C₂Cl₄ at 266 nm is employed for the generation of C₂(a³Π_u) radicals. The C₂(a³Π_u) concentration is monitored by the fluorescence of the (0, 0) band of the (d³Π_g&#8596;a³Π_u) transition at 516.5 nm. C₂(a³Π_u) removal rate constants for the reactions are determined as k_NO = (5.46 ± 0.10) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 , k_N2O = (1.63 ± 0.20) × 10^-13 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 , k_N2O = (1.58 ± 0.16) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, k_O2 = (5.92 ± 1.00) × 10^-14 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, k_H2< 1.0× 10^-14 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1. Based on the data analysis and theoretical calculation, we suggest that the C₂(a³Π_u) reactions with H₂ and NH₃ proceed via the hydrogen abstraction mechanism, barriers exist at the entrance channel of the reactions of C₂(a³Π_u) with H₂ and NH₃.     

某类解析函数的三阶Hankel行列式

令H表示形如$f(z)=z+a_2 z^2+a_3 z^3+\\cdots$且在$U=\\{z:|z|<1\\}$内解析的函数类,研究了在单位圆盘上的2类解析函数类$\\mathrm{ST}_{\\mathrm{s}}=\\left\\{f ? H: \\operatorname{Re} \\frac{2 z f^{\\prime}(z)}{f(z)-f(-z)}>0, z ? U\\right\\}$和$R\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=\\left\\{f ? H: \\operatorname{Re} \\frac{f(z)}{z}>\\frac{1}{2}, z ? U\\right\\}$的三阶Hankel行列式$\\left|H_{3, 1}(f)\\right|$的上界估计。

     

Almost sure convergence of weighted sums of NA sequences

For double arrays of constants {a _ni, 1≤i≤k _n, n≥1} and NA r.v. 's {X _n, n≥1}, conditions for almost sure convergence of are given. Both casesk _n ↑ ∞ andk _n=∞ are treated. A Marcinkiewicz-type theorem for i. d. NA sequences is obtained as a special case. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Cheng Riyan: born in 1968, MS student     

A sufficient condition fork′(z)(k(z)∈H q,q≥1) to be ofH 1

We proved ifk(z)∈H ^q (q≥1),g(z) is analytic on |z|=1, , thenk′(z)∈H ¹, especially, ifq=1, thenk(z) is an analytic function on the closed unit disk |z|≤1. Peng Zhigang: born in June 1970, Ph. D