中空纤维酶膜反应器制取异麦芽低聚糖工艺的优化试验

采用聚砜中空纤维酶膜反应器,以转葡萄糖苷酶和真菌淀粉酶双酶协同作用于麦芽低聚糖,转苷制取异麦芽低聚糖连续化工艺的优化试验研究．进行了正交试验设计,获得最佳工艺条件,确定双酶的最佳补加量及转苷停留时间,产品质量稳定,分枝性低聚糖含量达６４％．试验结果表明：酶膜反应器新工艺可行,它为工业化试验提供重要的设计参数．     

高产新型淀粉酶菌株MS5.1的选育\=及最适产酶条件

从原筛选的产酶菌株芽 孢杆菌 (Bacillus Stearophilus) BS3.232出发, 经亚硝基胍多次诱变、 初筛和复筛后 , 获得了产酶水平明显提高的变异菌株MS5.1, 其产酶水平为原株的 153.8%. 薄层分析证 明, 该酶能催化淀粉的水解和转苷, 产物为异麦芽低聚糖, 包括异麦芽糖、 潘糖、 异 麦芽三糖和异麦芽四糖. 表明MS5.1产生的新型淀粉酶能有效地转化淀粉产生异麦芽低聚糖. 用正交法确定了MS5.1菌株的最适产酶条件： 通气量在60%以上, 55 ℃培养24 h. 实验结果表明, 培养温度是影响产酶水平的最主要因素.     

麦芽——异麦芽低聚糖制备工艺的优化研究

本文应用生物降解技术，探讨了以马铃薯淀粉和α－淀粉酶为原料制备麦芽——异麦芽低聚糖的工艺，用正交试验和统计分析，确定了一组优化实验条件。     

两种α–葡萄糖苷酶的酶学性质及转苷作用

来源于黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)的不同α–葡萄糖苷酶,其对底物的水解和转苷活性均存在一定差异,影响了它们在实际生产中的应用.以甲醇毕赤酵母重组菌株分别表达的两种α–葡萄糖苷酶Glu-A和Glu-B为研究对象,分析了两种酶的酶学性质,结果表明Glu-A和Glu-B最适作用温度均为50,℃,最适p H分别为5和6.对底物麦芽糖的转苷作用研究表明,产物低聚异麦芽糖中各种糖的种类和比例差别较大,Glu-A作用麦芽糖后的总低聚糖、异麦芽糖、潘糖和异麦芽三糖的生成率分别为51.04%、15.79%、31.41%和4.18%,而Glu-B作用麦芽糖后的总低聚糖、异麦芽糖、潘糖和异麦芽三糖的生成率分别为35.85%、16.71%、4.15%与15.85%.     

CW2M3分泌新型淀粉酶的最适条件及酶的应用条件

从原筛选的产酶菌株CW2出发,经多次紫外诱变、初筛和复筛后,获得了变异菌株CW2M3,其产酶水平为原菌株的332.7%,且具有良好的遗传稳定性.薄层层析证明,CW2M3分泌的新型淀粉酶能有效地催化淀粉降解产生异麦芽低聚糖,产物主要包括异麦芽糖、潘糖、异麦芽三糖等.用正交法结合薄层层析法确定了各因素对CW2M3产酶水平的影响,结果表明,培养温度是显著因素,CW2M3的最适产酶条件为:用牛肉膏培养基(牛肉膏0.7%、蛋白胨0.7%、 NaCl 0.5%、Ph 7.0)培养,温度40 ℃,时间12 h.用该酶催化淀粉转化为异麦芽低聚糖时,酶促反应时间和温度均是显著影响因素,酶催化淀粉降解的最适条件为:温度65 ℃,酶促反应1.0 h,体系Ph为7.0.     

中空纤维酶膜反应器制取麦芽低聚糖工艺的优化试验研究

采用聚砜中空纤维酶膜反应器,运用α－淀粉酶和异淀粉酶双酶协同作用酶解淀粉制取麦芽低聚糖的酶膜反应连续化工艺．采用正交实验设计方法,获得最佳工艺条件,确定双酶的最佳补加量及反应所要求的最佳温度和糖化补酶时间,产品质量稳定,Ｍ３～６含量达７０％以上．试验表明,酶膜反应连续化新工艺是可行的,为工业化试验提供可靠的设计参数．     

CW2M3分泌新型淀粉酶的最适条件及酶的应用条件

从原筛选的产酶菌株CW₂出发， 经多次紫外诱变、 初筛和复筛后， 获得了变异菌株CW₂M₃， 其产酶水平为原菌株的332.7％， 且具有良好的遗传稳定性. 薄层层析证明，CW₂M₃分泌的新型淀粉酶能有效地催化淀粉降解产生异麦芽低聚糖， 产物主要包括异麦芽糖、 潘糖、 异麦芽三糖等. 用正交法结合薄层层析法确定了各因素对CW₂M₃产酶水平的影响， 结果表明， 培养温度是显著因素，CW₂M₃的最适产酶条件为： 用牛肉膏培养基（牛肉膏0.7%、 蛋白胨0.7%、 NaCl 0.5%、 pH 7.0）培养， 温度40 ℃， 时间12　h. 用该酶催化淀粉转化为异麦芽低聚糖时， 酶促反应时间和温度均是显著影响因素， 酶催化淀粉降解的最适条件为: 温度65 ℃， 酶促反应1.0　h， 体系pH为7.0.     

中空纤维酶膜反应器制取DP8-12特殊糊精的工艺研究

采用聚砜中空纤维酶膜反应器控制淀粉的酶解, 以连续制备ＤＰ８ － １２ 特殊糊精, 同时获得麦芽低聚糖副产品－ 通过正交优化试验, 获得该系统的优化工艺条件, 为进一步试验提供实验基础     

中空纤维酶膜反应器制取DP8-12特殊糊精的工艺研究

采用聚砜中空纤维酶膜反应器控制淀粉的酶解, 以连续制备ＤＰ８ － １２ 特殊糊精, 同时获得麦芽低聚糖副产品－ 通过正交优化试验, 获得该系统的优化工艺条件, 为进一步试验提供实验基础     

红柳制备低聚木糖和纤维低聚糖的研究

以固沙先锋植物红柳为原料,经蒸汽爆预处理,采用纤维素酶法水解制备低聚木糖和纤维低聚糖。将100g红柳于温度200℃、维压时间3 min条件下蒸汽爆破处理,蒸爆液中获得8.74 g低聚木糖,低聚木糖得率49.80%。红柳蒸汽爆破物料在用碱量25%(以Na2O计)、固液比1∶6(g/m L)、硫化度30%、160℃电加热油浴锅中处理90 min,木质素脱除率96.20%,纤维素回收率82.80%。蒸汽爆破-硫酸盐处理红柳于底物质量分数5%、50℃、p H为4.8条件下,经酶用量为20μmol/(min·g)的低β-葡萄糖苷酶活力纤维素酶三段水解24 h,纤维低聚糖得率49.03%,纤维素酶对纤维低聚糖的选择性60.09%。蒸汽爆破预处理适用于红柳制备低聚木糖,三段水解技术有利于预处理红柳渣制备纤维低聚糖,选择性高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that