粉煤灰-镁渣改良超盐渍土的工程性质研究

利用宁夏平罗县的超盐渍土,分别掺入20%、25%、30%粉煤灰和镁渣替代6%、8%、10%的粉煤灰进行固化处理。通过7 d、28 d龄期的三轴试验表明,相同粉煤灰掺量的超盐渍土的黏聚力随着镁渣掺量的增加呈先减小后增加的趋势;7 d龄期的试件,相同粉煤灰掺量的超盐渍土的摩擦角随着镁渣掺量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势。28 d龄期的试件,相同粉煤灰掺量的超盐渍土的摩擦角随着镁渣掺量的增加基本呈现增加的趋势。粉煤灰、镁渣固化的各组超盐渍土,随着龄期的变化,黏聚力和摩擦角的平均变化幅度在4.2%以内,各组试样的抗剪强度变化不明显,粉煤灰、镁渣加固盐渍土的机理主要表现为物理加固,在工程中利用粉煤灰、镁渣固化超盐渍土时,只需考虑两者的物理加固作用。     

掺加硅灰和石灰条件下的超盐渍土抗剪特征研究

为了揭示石灰和硅灰胶结超盐渍土的抗剪强度规律,对采自宁夏平罗县姚伏镇的超盐渍土分别掺入硅灰和石灰进行超盐渍土固化,其中,硅灰掺量分别为1%、3%、5%,石灰掺量分别为硅灰掺量的20%、40%、60%。并利用三轴仪对7、28 d龄期固化的超盐渍土进行抗剪强度指标测定。试验结果表明:7 d龄期,1%硅灰掺量的固化超盐渍土的摩擦角随石灰掺量的增加呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势,28d龄期,1%硅灰掺量的超盐渍土的摩擦角随石灰掺量的增加而减小;7、28 d龄期,3%、5%硅灰掺量的固化超盐渍土的摩擦角和黏聚力随着石灰掺量的增加而增加。鉴于超盐渍土的抗剪强度由摩擦角和黏聚力共同决定,而随硅灰和石灰掺量的增加,固化超盐渍土的摩擦角和黏聚力的变化趋势不一致,为了易于确定固化超盐渍土中硅灰和石灰土最佳掺量,文中给出了抗剪强度临界深度的判断公式,可依据判别公式来确定硅灰和石灰的最佳掺量。     

石灰掺量对分散性土工程性质的时效影响分析

为研究不同石灰掺量和龄期对新疆某地分散性土长期力学性能的影响,通过改性研究和力学性质试验,探讨不同石灰掺量和龄期下改性土的变形与强度变化规律。结果表明：随石灰掺量增加,分散性抑制效果越好,最大干密度逐渐降低,内摩擦角增大,黏聚力和无侧限抗压强度先增大后减小,压缩系数先减小后增大,最后趋于稳定;随龄期延长,压缩系数减小,黏聚力、内摩擦角和无侧限抗压强度增大。当石灰掺量为3%时,分散性土改性为非分散性土,无侧限抗压强度达到峰值,龄期为3d、28d时,其强度提高48.24%、252.74%;当掺量为5%时,黏聚力取得极大值,龄期3d和28d的改性土黏聚力分别增加14.67%、50.05%。龄期越长,强度越高,改性土越脆,适应变形能力减弱。     

冻融作用下固化盐渍土的强度劣化及微观机理研究

为探讨固化硫酸盐渍土在冻融循环作用下的强度劣化机理,采用室内正交试验,考虑冻融循环周期、固化剂掺量、含盐量等影响因素,借助三轴试验、XRD衍射试验及电镜扫描试验。对粉煤灰、氯化钙固化硫酸盐渍土在不同冻融循环周期作用下的强度劣化指标及微观结构演化规律进行了研究。结果表明：(1)冻融循环作用对固化硫酸盐渍土强度劣化影响较大,且对黏聚力影响相较内摩擦角更显著。(2)衍射分析表明固化效果越好,固化剂反应物的低矮峰越多,同时电镜扫描分析也表明土体结构越紧密,强度更优。(3)在处理盐渍土地基时,从抑制盐胀及提高土体耐久性效果来看,单掺氯化钙优于单掺粉煤灰,且复掺优于单掺。不同含盐量的最佳配合比：含盐量为2%时,10%粉煤灰+4%氯化钙;含盐量为5%时,10%粉煤灰+6%氯化钙;含盐量为8%时,15%的粉煤灰+6%的氯化钙。固化后土体的强度指标劣化程度较低。本文从微观角度出发对冻融循环下硫酸盐渍土的强度劣化进行研究,旨在为长期冻融的硫酸盐渍土提出理论依据,以减少不必要的经济损失。     

水泥石粉胶结盐渍土的抗剪强度试验研究

为了研究水泥和石粉胶结盐渍土的可行性,采用平罗县的盐渍土,分别掺入水泥和石粉进行盐渍土固化,其中水泥掺量分别为1. 5%、3%、4. 5%、6%,石粉掺量分别为2%、4%、6%、8%。设计了21组试验,利用三轴仪进行了7 d、28 d龄期盐渍土的抗剪强度指标测定。试验结果表明:石粉单掺入盐渍土中,其仅能依靠物理填充作用提高盐渍土的黏聚力,而内摩擦角降低显著。石粉与水泥复配加固盐渍土,水泥中的氢氧化钠可以有效诱发石粉的活性,从而大幅提高盐渍土的抗剪强度。采用石粉和水泥复配固化盐渍土达到4. 5%、6%单掺水泥的盐渍土的抗剪强度时,水泥可以分别节约33. 3%和25%。     

水泥固化锌污染土的力学性质变化规律分析

基于室内试验,分析了水泥掺量和锌离子浓度对水泥固化锌污染土力学性质的影响规律;并根据试验结果得到了其黏聚力、内摩擦角和压缩系数变化规律的经验公式。研究表明:锌离子浓度一定时,固化体黏聚力随着水泥掺量的增大而不断增长,二者呈指数函数关系。当锌离子浓度达到1%时,水泥掺量的提高并不能显著提高黏聚力。水泥掺量一定时,其黏聚力随着锌离子浓度的增大而减小。固化体内摩擦角呈现与其相似的变化规律,而压缩系数则随着水泥掺量的增大而减小。     

水泥硅微粉固化黄土的冻融试验研究

为了研究水泥硅微粉固化黄土的力学性能,利用宁夏宁东工业园区的黄土,掺入2%的水泥和10%的硅微粉进行固化,分别进行7、28 d龄期的三轴试验和28 d龄期3、9次冻融循环的三轴试验。结果表明:7、28 d龄期的素土与7、28 d龄期固化土相比,水泥和硅微粉的掺入对黄土的黏聚力的影响显著。7 d龄期黏聚力增加了33.99倍,28 d龄期黏聚力增加了57.34倍。素土3次冻融循环黏聚力降低了30.3%,9次冻融循环黏聚力降低了88.8%;固化土9次冻融循环黏聚力降低了8.3%,硅微粉和水泥掺入黄土,使其变形表现为素土呈塑性材料特性向固化土呈脆性材料变化,硅微粉和水泥的掺入有效地提高了黄土的承载力。     

粉煤灰掺量对混凝土性能的影响

为探讨粉煤灰适宜掺量对混凝土性能的影响,对粉煤灰掺量w(等质量取代水泥)为0,15%,30%的3种工况混凝土进行强度与耐久性试验.试验结果表明,粉煤灰取代量w为15%时,能明显提高混凝土强度,在加强养护的情况下,对混凝土碳化深度影响不大;粉煤灰取代量w为30%时,混凝土强度增长不明显,对混凝土碳化深度影响较大;粉煤灰掺量w由0增加到15%时,混凝土的氯离子含量下降7%~17%;粉煤灰掺量w由0增加到30%时,混凝土的氯离子含量下降15%~30%.综合考虑,粉煤灰掺量w=15%对普通混凝土较为适宜.     

粉煤灰水泥土力学特性试验研究

针对上海苏州河区域的软土特点,将粉煤灰和水泥作为固化材料加固饱和软黏土,研究粉煤灰对水泥土力学特性的影响.通过无侧限抗压强度试验,研究了不同粉煤灰掺量、水泥掺量以及不同龄期对水泥土强度和变形特性的影响;通过Matlab数据拟合,提出了水泥粉煤灰固化土的强度预测方法.随着龄期的增长和粉煤灰掺量的增加,固化土的应力应变关系由塑性破坏转变成脆性破坏.当粉煤灰掺量过高时,水泥土中易发生耦合反应,影响固化效果.因此,水泥掺量与粉煤灰掺量比例为1∶1,且粉煤灰最佳掺量为14%~18%.     

工业及建筑废弃物固化盐渍土的力学性能和路用性能影响

为探讨各试验因素及固化剂种类对固化盐渍土的力学性能和路用性能影响,采用单掺与双掺水泥窑粉尘、废弃混凝土再生微粉等工业及建筑废弃物作为固化方案,以初始含水率、养护龄期、固化剂掺量为试验因素,通过无侧限抗压试验研究固化盐渍土力学性能,并进行干湿与冻融耐久性试验、承载比试验,以评估固化盐渍土路用性能,采用扫描电镜试验对固化盐渍土进行微观结构分析,揭露其固化机理。结果表明：初始含水率、养护龄期、固化剂掺量、固化剂种类是影响固化盐渍土的力学性能和路用性能主要因素;养护28 d,初始含水率为9.9%、单掺30%废弃混凝土再生微粉固化盐渍土的力学性能与路用性能最佳,抗压强度达到3 227.40 KPa,干湿、冻融循环后残余强度分别达到2 924.60 KPa、2 243.49 KPa;从微观分析可知,废弃混凝土再生微粉固化盐渍土的土体结构变得密实且稳定。可见,初始含水率为9.9%、单掺30%废弃混凝土再生微粉固化盐渍土用作于盐渍土地区公路路基与路面基层的建设,具有一定的工程意义与经济价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with