日本蟳Charybdis（charybdis） Japonica（A．Milne－Edwards）繁殖生物学的初步研究Ⅰ

根据卵巢形态及切片组织学观察，把日本蟳的卵巢发育分为六期：未发育期、发育早期、发育期、将成熟期、成熟期及恢复期。分析采集的样本结合调查可知：日本的雌雄比约为１：１，繁殖季节一年二次，即４—５月份和８—９月份，产卵所需的环境条件为Ｔ２０—２８℃，ｄ１．０１５－１．０２０，ＰＨ８．０—８．２，它的产卵量较少，平均产卵量约为８．５万／只。     

秦岭北麓大鲵亲体繁育实验研究

叙述了秦岭北麓大鲵繁育基地的自然环境与仿生态池的给养条件及亲鲵单池单养和同池隔网单养的培育方式.对大鲵3年连续催情32组,结果自然交配产卵雌鲵27尾,共获卵14 000粒,并连年孵化出苗.其中,产空卵带亲鲵5尾,催繁成功率为84.4%.论述了亲鲵耐受低温的能力,发现其早春低水温>4℃时开食,个性凶残,每年7月下旬至8月底性腺发育成熟,为最佳催情期.交配产卵池应彻底清池,严格控制给水流量与水深以及亲鲵繁殖与护卵行为等.展望了大鲵规模化养殖的前景.     

长臀鮠繁殖生物学初步研究

报道了长臀鮠繁殖生物学的初步调查研究,其结果包括形态特征,成熟规格(雌性成熟规格为660g;雄性成熟规格为400 g),雌雄鉴别在非繁殖期在外形上雌雄难以辨别,在繁殖期雌雄最明显的区别是泄殖孔的形状和颜色,繁殖期雌性个体轻挤腹部时有卵粒流出.雌雄性别比例在1:1左右.个体繁殖力(y)与体长(L)和体重(W)的关系分别为Y=-18034.8 1084.58L、Y=3711.26 18.02W.     

中国大鲵的繁殖生态暨行为学观察研究

在秦岭地区天然水域大鲵简易繁苗法和仿生态亲鲵培育池繁苗的基础上,论述了促成大鲵繁苗的8项生态因子．秦岭地区大鲵繁育日度与江汉平原区存在较大差异;大鲵在不同产区繁殖期和繁殖盛期的时间,建议各地应抓住当地的繁殖时机做好繁苗工作．记述了大鲵在催情效应期亲吻、顶腹、嬉戏、交尾等繁殖行为．对大鲵繁殖配组的性比、繁殖日度、繁殖时间、雌雄性腺发育同步等问题进行了讨论．     

翘嘴红鮊人工繁殖技术研究

于2002～2003年，在浙江湖州，对翘嘴红鮊亲鱼的选择、运输、培育及苗种的人工繁殖技术进行了研究。结果表明，亲鱼培育要以鱼或虾为饲料，繁殖年龄应3足龄以上，规格以0．75～2．5kg／尾为好。浙北地区的繁殖时间为6月上中旬，繁殖水温20℃以上，雌雄亲鱼的比例控制在1：1～2：1之间，适宜催产剂为HCG LRH-A。采用一次注射，在环道内自然产卵、孵化的方式为宜。繁殖用水要严防浮游动物的进入，出苗时应带水操作。     

赤眼鳟人工繁殖技术研究

于2003年12月至2006年5月,在浙江湖州进行了赤眼鳟池塘培育和规模化人工繁殖试验。结果表明:以粗蛋白含量大于22%的配合饲料和紫萍为饵料,经6个月池塘培育,大部分1龄个体的性腺已基本成熟,2龄个体性腺成熟率达100%;池塘培育的1龄赤眼鳟的绝对怀卵量为(7.07±0.43)×104粒,相对怀卵量457.0,成熟系数23.0%。2龄赤眼鳟的绝对怀卵量为(12.18±0.89)×104粒,相对怀卵量233.5,成熟系数13.3%;拉网等应急剌激对亲鱼产卵有明显影响,每口培育塘繁殖次数不宜超过2次;赤眼鳟人工繁殖宜1次注射、自然产卵,雌鱼适宜剂量为1 000 IU HCG 10μg LRH-A/kg,雄鱼减半,雌雄亲鱼比应控制在7/4以内;浙北地区的人工催产时间在5月底至6月初、水温稳定在22℃以上时为宜。经池塘培育的2龄亲鱼的催产率95.9%、受精率75.3%～88.4%、孵化率86.6%～94.1%。     

豫北太行山区中国林蛙的生态学研究

报道了豫北太行山区中国林蛙的生境、生活习性、繁殖生态和食性.繁殖季节为3月上旬至4月中下旬.种群性比因时而异,产卵期间雌雄性比较小(1/6.16~1/4.50),产卵后雌雄性比有一定的上升(1/3.33~1/2.08),即将开始冬眠时雌雄性比最高(1/1.53).室内和野外自然条件下产卵量有较大差异,室内平均为478粒,野外自然条件下平均为1 079粒.卵粒直径约为1.5~1.8 mm.捕食种类以膜翅目、鞘翅目和双翅目昆虫居多;有益系数以及食物种类在不同季节有所差异.     

变色沙蜥繁殖的研究

作者通过研究证明变色沙蜥Ｐｈｒｙｎｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ ｖｅｒｓｉｃｏｌｏｒ的繁殖活动具有明显的季节性。雄晰性成熟时最小吻－肛长为４５ｍｍ，吻－肛长大的雄晰在一年中成熟精子出现早且维持时间长。雌蜥性成熟时的最小吻－肛长为４１ｍｍ，产卵期为５月末至７月末，每只雌性成蜥每年产卵一次，吻－肛长大的雌蜥产卵多而大且比吻－肛长小的雌晰产卵早。     

涪江下游唇Hua胚胎发育研究

涪江下游唇Ｈｕａ每年３－４月,在水温１２－２４℃范围内均可产卵繁殖。成熟卵圆形,橘黄色或橙黄色,卵径１．６０－１．９０ｍｍ,平均１．７５ｍｍ,遇水能普遍激动,但始终不分裂。     

翘嘴红鲌人工繁殖技术研究

于2002～2003年,在浙江湖州,对翘嘴红鲌亲鱼的选择、运输、培育及苗种的人工繁殖技术进行了研究.结果表明,亲鱼培育要以鱼或虾为饲料,繁殖年龄应3足龄以上,规格以0.75～2.5 kg/尾为好.浙北地区的繁殖时间为6月上中旬,繁殖水温20℃以上,雌雄亲鱼的比例控制在1:1～2:1之间,适宜催产剂为HCG LRH-A.采用一次注射,在环道内自然产卵、孵化的方式为宜.繁殖用水要严防浮游动物的进入,出苗时应带水操作.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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