厢式汽车车内噪声的试验研究

要控制汽车车内噪声，减少其对驾驶员和乘客造成的危害，首先必须找出车内的主要噪声源，本文论述了用声压法识别汽车车内主要噪声源的过程，利用声场分析技术和谱分析技术 内的主要噪声源进行了分析，通过大量的试验研究，认为发动机是导致该车车内噪声较大的主要原因，是降噪工作的重点，要进行车内噪声的控制，应首先考虑抑制发动机的辐射噪声，其次要加强车身门窗的密封性，并根据试验样车的实际结构特点，提出一系列改善车内噪     

汽车发动机隔声仓的设计

发动机的噪声是汽车车内的主要噪声源，要降低汽车车内的噪声，提高乘座舒适性，则发动机隔仓的设计尤其重要。本文就是针对这个问题，对双层公路客车发动机隔声仓进行声学理论分析，设计出符合噪声要求的隔声仓。     

汽车发动机隔声仓的设计

发动机的噪声是汽车车内的主要噪声源，要降低汽车车内的噪声，提高乘座舒适性，则发动机隔仓的设计尤其重要。本文就是针对这个问题，对双层公路客车发动机隔声仓进行声学理论分析，设计出符合噪声要求的隔声仓。     

微型轿车的降噪实验

针对某微型轿车采用汽车扣速行驶车外噪声分离实验和声强法识别噪声源。发现进气噪声是造成车外加速噪声偏高的主要原因。在对发动机进气噪声进行频谱分析后，找到进气噪声的主要峰值频率，设计出一种三腔并联共振式消声器，使进气噪声得以有效的控制。通过道路实验与发动机台架实验评价，整车车外加速噪声降到72.3dB(A)，降噪量达7．9dB(A)，而发动机输出功率没有明显变化。     

后置柴油机客车的降噪研究（Ⅰ）─—降噪试验

通过后置柴油机客车整车噪声的远场、近场值测试和噪声分离等多项试验，经过计算并对噪声样本进行频谱分析、偏相干分析，确定冷却风扇噪声、排气噪声、发动机噪声是整车３个主要噪声源。在不改变原车主要结构的前提下，采用玻璃纤维等隔声材料屏蔽发动机舱及冷却风道壁；加大风扇直径并降低转速；在排气管和消声器外包扎隔声材料等措施进行降噪对比试验，达到较好的整车降噪效果。     

后置柴油机客车的降噪研究（I）：—降噪试验

通过后置柴油机客车整车噪声的远场，近场值测试和噪声分离等多项试验，经过计算并对噪声样本进行频谱分析，偏相干分析，确定冷却风扇噪声，排气噪声，发动机噪声是整车３个主噪声源，在不改变原车主要结构的前提下，采用玻璃纤维等隔声材料屏蔽发动机舱及冷却风道壁；加大风扇直径并降低转速；在排气管的消声器外包扎隔声材料等措施进行降噪对比试验，达到较好的整车降噪效果。     

东方红—15拖拉机发动机噪声的试验研究

通过试验研究找到了发动机的主要噪声源是排气噪声、活塞—正时齿轮噪声和配气机构噪声。对排气噪声、发动机机械噪声和配气机构噪声进行了深入的理论分析;对原机消声器作了性能评价。为小四轮拖拉机发动机的降噪指明了方向.     

电熔爆机床噪声测控研究

章分析了电熔爆机床噪声产生的原因，并对其噪声的测量和控制进行了研究。在对噪声源的频谱曲线进行分析后，优化设计了隔声降噪罩体，通过对样机测量验证，采用复合材料制成隔声罩是一种有效的隔声降噪措施，能降低噪声20分贝以上。     

基于声强技术的内燃叉车噪声源识别的试验研究与分析

内燃叉车的噪声源众多,识别主要噪声源成为叉车降噪工作的首要任务.利用声强的矢量特性,运用声强测量技术对内燃叉车的噪声进行测量.通过分析各测量面上的三维声强图和声强分布图,确定内燃叉车的主要噪声源为进气、排气噪声以及发动机底部的泄露噪声,说明了声强测量是辨识庞大设备集中性噪声源的有效方法,可为后续叉车的降噪工作提供依据.     

降低轿车车内后部噪声的研究

介绍应用现代试验和分析技术对轿车车内后部低频噪声源进行识别，并通过识别结果对轿车的原设计进行了改进，使轿车车内噪声得到明显改善。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with