超高速弹丸电磁发射动力学

为了研究超高速弹丸(hyper velocity projectile,HVP)在电磁炮中发射时的弹炮刚柔耦合问题,建立身管刚柔耦合模型,以及弹托、电枢与导轨之间的接触-碰撞模型,并在Adams中对刚性、柔性两种身管下的弹丸膛内运动进行仿真,获得超高速弹丸膛内运动基本特性。通过对比仿真结果得到考虑弹炮刚柔耦合作用时弹丸的横向角速度变化情况,以及弹托、电枢与导轨之间的接触-碰撞力变化情况。结果表明:为获得相对准确的系统运动规律,在研究电磁炮发射动力学时需充分考虑弹炮刚柔耦合作用对系统动态响应的影响。     

整车刚柔耦合动力学模型及平顺性优化

为了研究车身的弹性变形对整车行驶平顺性的影响,在ADAMS/Car模块中建立整车刚柔耦合模型,依据相关试验法规,进行了随机路面输入下的平顺性仿真试验,并通过实车道路试验对比验证模型的正确性和合理性.利用验证后的整车刚柔耦合模型和试验设计技术,对悬架的弹簧刚度系数、减震器阻尼系数进行优化.优化后车身质心处垂向振动加权加速度均方根值降低了12.6％,表明悬架系统参数的合理匹配可以明显改善车辆的行驶平顺性.     

膛压作用下舰炮身管固液耦合瞬态响应分析

该文分析了含液体冷却层的舰炮身管在膛压作用下的刚强度问题.以瞬态动力学分析和固液耦合理论为基础,考虑液体冷却层与内、外管表面之间的耦合效应,将膛压看作移动的均布载荷,建立了含液体层的某舰炮身管固液耦合瞬态响应数值计算模型;利用ANSYS软件进行了瞬态动力学分析.计算结果说明,液体冷却层可提高身管的刚强度,有效减小弹丸出炮口时的横向振动位移,有利于提高舰炮的射击密集度.     

车载火炮炮口扰动影响因素分析

研究火炮发射时的多柔体系统动力学模型可以分析炮口扰动的主要影响因素,为减小炮口扰动以及提高火炮射击精度提供技术途径。建立了某车载炮发射过程的虚拟样机模型,考虑了身管的变形,滑板与身管刚性连接,利用接触副模拟滑板与摇架的碰撞,通过数值计算获得了动力偶臂、导轨间隙、炮口制退器质量以及身管支撑位置对炮口扰动的影响情况,为该类武器的总体设计和结构设计提供了技术支持。     

柔性轮对高速列车通过道岔的动力学响应

为研究高速列车在柔性轮对条件下通过道岔时的动力响应,采用刚柔耦合动力学仿真方法,基于CRH380高速列车模型建立柔性轮对结构条件下的车辆—道岔刚柔耦合动力学模型。以柔性轮对高速列车模型为研究对象,通过18号高速道岔,分析轮对柔性与全刚体结构条件下的车辆模型的安全性、轮轨动态相互作用、车体振动加速度及轮轨接触位置分布指标。仿真结果表明,柔性轮对高速列车模型对车辆的轮轨动态相互作用影响较大,对安全性、车体振动加速度及轮轨接触位置分布等动力学指标影响较小。     

变速器齿轮传动刚柔耦合建模与疲劳寿命预测

齿轮轴系的疲劳寿命预测是变速器设计开发过程中的重要环节。文章考虑变速器总成各零部件之间的动力学关联及其约束特征,在ADAMS中建立了变速器总成的多体动力学模型;结合变速器总成的台架试验工况,应用ANSYS软件进行齿轮副的静力学分析,通过弯曲应力和接触应力对所建有限元模型进行了校验;提取变速器齿轮副的模态中性文件,在ADAMS中建立其柔性体模型,进而建立变速器总成的刚柔耦合模型;基于模态叠加法进行瞬态动力学分析,并与在ANSYS中进行的有限元分析结果进行对比,验证了柔性体模型的有效性;得到变速器一挡齿轮危险点的应力谱,利用名义应力法和Miner损伤累计理论,对其进行疲劳预测,并利用台架试验进行了验证。验证试验表明,仿真结果与试验结果基本吻合,该文方法有效。     

机载锚杆机关键副的刚柔耦合动力学特性

为研究机载锚杆机在矿井实际工况下的动力学特性.利用多体动力学理论建立机载锚杆机的运动坐标系以及正运动方程,利用Pro/E构建机载锚杆机的三维模型;应用ADMAS构建整机刚柔耦合模型,并对各个关键副进行刚柔耦合动力学仿真分析;将结果与基于多刚体动力学分析方法的结果进行对比,得出了机载锚杆机各个关键副在启动、钻孔阶段都存在不同程度上的受力波动,即机载锚杆机在刚柔耦合仿真分析下的受力情况更加接近实际工况的结论 .验证了刚柔耦合动力学仿真分析方法的正确性、先进性,为提高系统稳定性、优化结构提供了一种更有效可行的、更接近实际工况的分析方法.     

身管多体动力学模型研究

基于有限段思想建立身管多体动力学模型,将身管离散为有限个刚性段,每两段质心之间用一个无质量的梁连接,根据Timoshenk。梁理论确定质心间的力和力矩,考虑身管截面沿轴线的变化,采用第一类Lagrange方程推导了身管的多刚体动力学方程,并给出相应的算例,结果表明：采用身管多体动力学模型可较精确地计算火炮的炮口扰动和描述身管的振动。     

考虑柔性轮对的车辆系统刚柔耦合动力学响应分析

为研究柔性轮对对高速列车动力学性能的影响，采用刚柔耦合动力学仿真方法，基于CRH380高速列车模型建立了柔性轮对结构条件下的车辆—轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型。分析了轮对柔性与全刚体结构条件下的车辆模型的安全性、轮轨动态相互作用及通过性指标。仿真结果表明，在车速300 km/h时，两模型在动力学指标上具有明显差异，主要表现在柔性轮对车辆模型轮轨垂向力幅值及轮重减载率幅值都低于全刚性体车辆模型，车辆振动加速度、脱轨系数及轮轴横向力波形结果差距较小。     

旋转柔性智能结构振动滑模控制方法研究

基于Hamilton原理和高阶模型理论,建立了旋转刚柔耦合智能结构的动力学模型,并通过滑模变结构控制(SMC)对结构的振动进行控制.通过一阶近似模型理论考虑了结构轴向、横向和转角相互间的耦合作用,即考虑了柔性梁和智能材料的几何非线性.利用有限元方法得到了考虑离心刚化效应的有限维模型.利用滑模控制方法对结构的振动进行抑制.滑模面通过最优化方法得到.数值仿真结果表明滑模控制方法有效地控制了带有参数扰动的旋转柔性智能结构振动.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.