喷射成形超高强度Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的固溶处理

研究了单级固溶和双级固溶热处理工艺对喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金力学性能的影响.应用光学显微镜、扫描电镜与透射电镜对显微组织和第二相颗粒的固溶及沉淀析出状况做了进一步的研究.结果表明:双级固溶时效和单级固溶时效处理制度相比,前者得到的组织和力学性能较为理想;双级固溶处理综合了低温单级固溶和高温单级固溶的优点,即再结晶晶粒尺寸较小,同时回溶颗粒较多.时效后的组织也较理想.采用双级固溶处理(450℃/3h 480℃/3h)和T6时效处理后,合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到806MPa和797MPa,延伸率达到7.5%.     

原位颗粒含量对半固态7075铝合金组织的影响

制备具有不同原位TiC颗粒含量的喷射沉积7075铝合金,在610℃和620℃进行二次加热并保温30min,淬火固定半固态组织.采用扫描电镜观察其组织,利用平均截线法统计其晶粒尺寸,分析不同颗粒含量对喷射沉积7075铝合金半固态组织的影响规律.结果表明:当TiC颗粒含量达到2.91%(体积分数)时已经产生良好的钉扎效果,使得合金基本保持喷射沉积组织特征,能够满足后续的半固态成形工艺要求;TiC颗粒含量超过2.91%后,晶粒尺寸会进一步减小,但晶界上的颗粒明显增多并呈网状分布;TiC颗粒含量小于2.91%时,局部区域发生晶粒的异常长大现象,使合金组织的均匀化程度下降.     

原位TiC颗粒对喷射成形铝合金组织的影响

利用熔铸-原位反应喷射成形技术制备7075 TiC(2．9l％，体积分数)铝合金半固态坯料，将合金加热到固液两相区不同温度，保温不同时间，淬火固定其半固态组织。采用扫描电镜观察其组织，应用Image Tool软件及截线法统计晶粒尺寸。研究表明，原位TiC颗粒不仅细化喷射成形组织，而且在二次加热保温过程中有效地阻碍晶界的移动，抑制了显微组织的粗化过程，在600℃保温60min后合金平均晶粒尺寸仍小于30μm，表现出良好的钉扎效应。     

原位TiC颗粒细化喷射沉积7075铝合金组织的机理

采用原位反应喷射沉积法制备TiCP/7075(TiCP体积分数为2.91%)铝合金,观察其微观组织. 应用Image Tool软件及平均截线法统计平均晶粒尺寸,并与喷射沉积7075铝合金进行对比. 发现前者的晶粒尺寸比后者减小50%左右,表明原位TiC颗粒对喷射沉积7075铝合金组织具有显著的细化作用. 从形核的属性、速度以及过程的晶体学分析对其细化机理进行了解释.     

固溶时间对7050铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用金相组织观察(OM)、常温拉伸试验以及扫描电镜(SEM)等研究了固溶保温时间对7050铝合金固溶程度、微观组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着固溶时间的增加,合金组织的回复再结晶程度增大,变形晶粒转变为等轴晶粒.7050铝合金中的难溶相Al7Cu2Fe和Al2CuMg随着固溶时间的延长仍然难以溶解;7050铝合金较理想固溶处理制度为477℃固溶1 h,经过121℃时效24 h后合金的力学性能最佳,Rm=605 MPa、Rp0.2=547MPa、A=12.8%.     

喷射沉积6066Al的触变成形组织与性能

采用自行开发的多程喷射沉积工艺制备 6 0 6 6 Al( Al- 1.37Mg- 1.37Si- 0 .77Cu)圆柱坯 ,研究了半固态成形工艺对材料组织与力学性能的影响 .结果表明 :喷射沉积材料的细等轴晶组织平均晶粒度为 15 μm;在固态进行等温处理不显著粗化 ;在半固态发生固相颗粒长大 ,遵循 Ostwald机制 ,固相颗粒保持等轴形貌 ,具有优异的触变性能 .制件形状精确 ,热处理过程中强化相析出迅速 ,峰时效时间为传统制度的 1/2 ,材料力学性能与锻件相当     

7711超高强、超高韧、高均匀铝合金研究

研究了经不同的固溶和时效方案处理的7711铝合金的力学性能,并结合微观组织进行了分析.结果表明:复合固溶(双级) 奇峰时效热处理新工艺比单级固溶的传统热处理方案好,可使铝合金获得最佳的综合性能,达到了合金的高均匀化,获得了超高强、超高韧的有效结合.铝合金新状态T79的抗张强度σb达778Mpa、屈服强度σ0 2达757Mpa、延伸率达11 0%.     

Ti-22Nb-6Zr合金的耐蚀性和超弹性研究

采用电化学方法研究固溶处理后Ti-22Nb-6Zr形状记忆合金在0.9%NaC l溶液中的腐蚀行为,研究固溶处理温度对合金耐蚀性的影响;用拉伸法测定900℃固溶处理后合金的超弹性和形状记忆效应.结果表明:固溶处理后Ti-22Nb-6Zr合金的室温组织为单一的β相,晶粒尺寸随固溶处理温度升高而增大.合金的腐蚀电流随着固溶处理温度的升高而降低.耐蚀性逐渐提高.900℃固溶处理后的合金在室温下拉伸变形,应变为5%时,总的最大回复应变达4.12%,其中超弹性回复应变为3.91%,记忆回复应变为0.21%.     

超声外场对7085铝合金基体组织及第二相的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电子探针(EPMA)等技术研究超声外场对7085铝合金基体组织以及第二相组织的影响规律。研究结果表明:与未施加超声外场的铸锭相比,经过超声外场处理的铸锭中呈现出大量尺寸细小、分布均匀的等轴晶组织,平均晶粒粒径减小到176μm,Zn和Mg在基体中的固溶度分别提高22%和54%;超声外场下,第二相组织的形貌和尺寸也得到很大的改善,失去长条状和针状的特征,呈现出细小弥散的第二相组织,θ+T共晶组织平均长度减少20%,Al3Fe相平均长度减少32%,Mg2Si相平均长度减少45%,Al3Fe相和Mg2Si相中的合金元素部分被固溶到基体组织中。     

Al-1%Si合金剧烈塑性变形中Si元素形态对合金组织与性能的影响

合金元素能够以固溶态或纳米颗粒析出形态影响铝合金变形过程中微观组织演化,但哪种形态对铝合金微观组织影响更显著仍有争议.以Al-1%Si合金为研究对象,通过在变形前改变硅原子析出态与固溶态的比例,利用多道次累积叠轧焊方法实现大变形,对比研究了在微观组织和力学性能达到饱和状态过程中纳米析出硅颗粒、晶粒尺寸和位错密度的演化,以比较固溶原子与析出颗粒对铝合金变形过程中组织及性能的影响.结果表明,初始样品中固溶原子越多,析出颗粒越少,变形后饱和位错密度更高,晶粒尺寸更小,对应屈服强度更高.Al-1%Si合金中弥散分布的固溶硅原子比同质量的纳米析出硅颗粒阻碍位错动态回复的总效果更好,与位错理论分析相符.材料内位错回复能力也会影响饱和晶粒尺寸,位错回复能力越强,饱和晶粒尺寸更大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~