利用植物生长调节剂提高绿色巴夫藻(Povlova viridis Tseng)生长速率的研究

采用6种植物生长调节剂,以不同浓度作用于绿色巴夫藻,结果表明,TA、6-BA、IBA、2,4-D对藻细胞的增殖和生长起促进作用,其中TA(0.1×10-6ml)作用下,藻株的K、细胞数、生物量分别提高了5.2%、14.0%和11.1%.     

雨生红球藻的培养及虾青素累积条件的探讨

探讨了雨生红球藻(Haematoccuspluvialis) 712株的适宜培养条件及藻体诱导累积虾青素的培养基条件.重点研究了温度、pH和光照条件对雨生红球藻营养生长的影响,以及NaNO3 、Fe2 + 盐和乙酸钠浓度对雨生红球藻诱导累积虾青素含量的影响.结果表明,2 4℃、10 0 0～15 0 0lx连续光照,pH8.0左右的生长条件适合雨生红球藻游动细胞增殖,使平均生长速率达到0 .2 5 2d-1.通过正交试验表明缺氮培养基对于雨生红球藻细胞累积虾青素最为有利,虾青素含量达到6 .72 μg·mL-1,而FeSO4和乙酸钠浓度对虾青素的累积无显著性的影响     

复合维生素对雨生血球藻生长及虾青素积累的影响

采用淡水经济微藻雨生血球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis CH-1)为实验藻种, 研究了复合添加维生素B1(VB1)、B12 (VB12)和维生素H(VH)对雨生血球藻生长及虾青素质量浓度的影响.实验分别复合添加VB1/VB12、VB1/VH、VB12/VH和VB1/VB12/VH,每组各分6个浓度梯度.在4组复合添加实验中,VB1/VB12、VB1/VH、VB12/VH、VB1/VB12/VH的最佳添加质量浓度分别为100/0.5、100/5、0.5/5和1 000/5/50 μg/L.4组处理的细胞密度分别比空白提高了22.3%、21.5%、24.3%和20.9%,虾青素质量浓度分别比空白提高了24.1%、24.0%、26.5%和23.8%.此外,在该实验设定的添加浓度范围内,维生素的添加量为各组的最高浓度时,雨生血球藻的细胞密度和虾青素质量浓度均显著低于空白.结果表明,适量复合添加三种维生素中的两种或三种均具有促进雨生血球藻生长及虾青素积累的作用.     

三株蓝藻附着细菌多样性及其对铜绿微囊藻增殖的影响

藻际环境生活着大量微生物,这些微生物对藻类增殖具有重要影响.研究以6种培养基分离源自滇池的1株铜绿微囊藻和2株集胞藻的藻际附着细菌66株,选取其中46株进行16S rRNA基因系统发育分析.它们分属3个门(Actinobacteria、Proteobacteria、Firmicutes),3个纲,4个目,5个科,7个属,9个种. Actinobacteria是优势纲(73.91%),Aeromicrobium是优势属(41.30%),优势种为Aeromicrobium ponti(21.74%). 3株蓝藻藻际附着细菌的优势属均为Aeromicrobium,但Microbacterium和Sphingopyxis只出现在铜绿微囊藻藻际环境中.对46株藻际附着细菌的研究发现,9株对铜绿微囊藻的增殖有显著影响,其中1株促进,8株抑制增殖. L-9-3(Sphingopyxis solisilvae)使铜绿微囊藻的藻细胞数量增加87.62%. NIU-9-2(Sphingopyxis solisilvae)和NIU-M-3(Aeromicrobium halocynthiae)使铜绿微囊藻细胞数量减少81.24%.研究丰富了藻际细菌的资源库,为研究藻-菌相互关系和"以菌控藻"奠定了基础.     

从脐血单个核细胞定向诱导巨核细胞的生成

采用 SCF、TPO、IL- 3、IL- 6、IL- 1细胞因子 ,从脐血单个核细胞定向诱导巨核细胞的形成。比较了 SCF+ TPO+ IL- 1、SCF+ TPO+ IL- 3、SCF+ TPO+ IL- 63种细胞因子组合对刺激巨核细胞生成的作用 ,经体外培养 8d后 ,CD41 + 细胞占培养物的比例分别达到 ( 5 .64± 0 .77) %、( 5 .73± 1 .2 4 ) %和 ( 2 0 .1± 2 .5 3) % ;每 1 0 4个细胞可形成巨核祖细胞集落形成单位 ( CFU- MK)为( 1 3.7± 5 .7)个、( 1 5 .0± 3.6)个和 ( 93.7± 1 6.0 )个。在 SCF+ TPO+ IL- 6体系中增加 IL- 6的浓度 ,可提高培养液中 CD41 + 细胞的纯度。当 IL- 6的浓度从 1 0μg/L增加到 5 0μg/L时 ,CD41 + 细胞的比例可从 ( 2 0 .1± 2 .5 3) %提高到 ( 2 6.81± 3.2 0 ) % ,但每 1 0 4个细胞形成 CFU- MK数目却从( 93.7± 1 6.0 )个减少到 ( 4 5± 8.6)个 ;这说明 IL- 6对巨核细胞的刺激主要作用在其发育的后期。采用 SCF+ TPO+ IL- 3+ IL - 6细胞因子组合 ,由 1× 1 0 6个单个核细胞培养一周后可诱导出 ( 1 .61±0 .5 8)× 1 0 5个 CD41 + 细胞 ,占培养物的比例可达到 ( 1 8.8± 1 .64) % ,每 1 0 4个细胞形成 CFU- MK数目可达到 ( 1 2 1 .8± 1 0 .3)个。这一结果为进一步体外大量扩增巨核细胞提供了基础     

CO2对亚心形扁藻生长及光合放氢的影响

利用鼓泡式光生物反应器,比较通入空气及不同φ(CO2)(1%、3%、5%、10%、15%)对亚心形扁藻生长及光合放氢的影响.实验结果表明:CO2含量对扁藻生长及光合放氢均有影响,其中φ(CO2)为3%时培养及光合放氢的效果最好,培养的藻细胞10d细胞密度倍增3.8倍,比生长速率为0.134d-1;培养到第7d,细胞密度调整为6×106个/mL,暗诱导12h后,在15μmol/L解偶联剂羰基氰化物间氯苯腙(CCCP)作用下连续光照24h,培养的藻细胞产氢量提高70%,最大比产氢速率为3.24mmol/(g·h).代谢分析表明,φ(CO2)为3%时培养的藻细胞淀粉含量最高,是对照组的2.1倍,CO2作为惟一碳源时淀粉含量与产氢量密切相关.利用CO2培养提高扁藻细胞产氢量的工艺有利于温室效应气体的减排.     

流加培养对球等鞭金藻生长和生化成分的影响

采用恒速和变速流加培养技术,研究了氮和磷等营养条件对球等鞭金藻生长和生化成分的影响．结果表明：在恒速流加培养奈件下,细胞密度、细胞干重、胞内蛋白质和叶绿素含量达到了0．870×10^7mL^-1、0．17g/L、0．14g/g和0．60mg/g的水平,分别比对照组高3．0倍、2．7倍、2．1倍和11．5倍;采用变速流加技术细胞密度、细胞干重、胞内蛋白质和叶绿素含量进一步提高到1．400×10^7mL^-1、0．24g／L、0．16g／g和0．70mg／g的水平,分别比对照组高4．9倍、3．9倍、2、5倍和13．3倍．可见,流加培养尤其是变速流加培养能有效地促进球等鞭金藻的生长．在此基础上,通过数学模型控制对变速流加的培养奈件进行了优化,获得了最适的流加条件．结果表明,当流加因子K=0．100时,球等鞭金藻的细胞密度、细胞干重、蛋白质和叶绿素含量分别达到了2．220×10^7mL^-1、0．44g／L、0．17g／g和0．70mg/g的更高水平,比对照组高6．9倍、7．7倍、2、6倍和14．1倍．     

大肠杆菌对链状弯壳藻生长特性的影响

目的:探究细菌与链状弯壳藻共培养时对其生长特性的影响,了解链状弯壳藻改变存在状态、形成水华的原因.方法:研究了不同大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)添加量对链状弯壳藻生物量、多细胞群体形成、胞外多糖含量等的影响.结果:大肠杆菌对链状弯壳藻的生长存在抑制作用,表现为总细胞密度随添加菌液浓度(0.2%～2%)的增加而减少;但细菌的存在对链状弯壳藻单细胞形成群体具有促进作用,其中1%的菌液浓度最有利于链状弯壳藻形成群体,群体细胞的密度约为对照的5倍.与1%菌液浓度共培养的链状弯壳藻胞外多糖含量是对照的2.3倍,且链状弯壳藻的胞外多糖含量与群体细胞密度正相关(P0.05).结论:细菌的存在是链状弯壳藻形成多细胞链状群体的重要因素.     

过氧化氢对不同光质下盐藻SZ-05生长及代谢产物积累的影响

研究不同浓度的过氧化氢对在不同光质(白、红、黄、蓝光)下生长的杜氏盐藻SZ-05(Dunaliella salina SZ-05)生长与代谢产物积累的影响.结果表明,当过氧化氢浓度从10-6 mol·L-1增至10-4 mol·L-1时,对盐藻的生长有微弱的促进作用,各种光质培养条件下盐藻的细胞密度均逐渐增大至最大值,其中红光下的盐藻细胞密度最大,为6.19×106 ml-1;当过氧化氢的浓度增加到10-3 mol·L-1时,细胞密度减小,表现为抑制作用.在过氧化氢浓度为10-6 mol·L-1时,不同光质培养条件下盐藻的单个细胞内β胡萝卜素的含量均达到最大值,其中红光单个细胞内的β胡萝卜素的含量最大,为0.790 pg.当过氧化氢浓度继续增加时,单个细胞内β胡萝卜素的含量降低,表现为抑制作用.在过氧化氢浓度为10-3 mol·L-1时,红光条件下生长的盐藻胞外多糖含量获得最大值,为5.97 pg.     

不同浓度铁离子对栅藻生理生化特性和生长的影响

研究了不同浓度铁离子对栅藻生长和藻细胞抗氧化系统的影响.分析测定了培养基初始Fe3+分别为0,1.2×10-3,1.2×10-4,1.2×10-5,1.2×10-6,1.2×10-7mol.L-1时栅藻的细胞密度、生物量、蛋白质含量、总脂产量及脂肪酸组成,并研究了不同浓度铁离子对栅藻细胞的抗氧化系统的影响.实验结果表明,当培养基中初始铁离子浓度为1.2×10-4mol.L-1时最适合栅藻生长和蛋白质合成,蛋白质含量达到最大为97.33μg.mL-1;当初始Fe3+浓度为1.2×10-5mol.L-1时,栅藻细胞总脂占干质量最高达38.60%;C18∶2和C18∶3占总脂肪酸的比例随Fe3+浓度增加而降低.当Fe3+浓度达到1.2×10-3mol.L-1时,栅藻的生长受到抑制.与对照组(培养基不添加铁离子)相比,不同浓度铁离子使栅藻总抗氧化能力增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性有不同程度的提高,羟自由基能力受到不同程度的抑制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the