铁素体区轧制工艺对IF钢织构及深冲性能的影响

研究了不同铁素体区热轧压下量和终轧温度下一种Ti-IF钢的冷轧和退火后性能和织构的特点.结果表明,较低的铁素体轧制温度和较高的铁素体区压下量时,IF钢具有更高的深冲性能、相对较高的强度、延伸率以及织构强度.IF钢的冷轧织构类型为典型的部分〈110〉∥RD纤维和〈111〉∥ND纤维;再结晶退火后,〈110〉∥RD纤维织构强度明显降低,转变为〈111〉∥ND再结晶纤维织构,因此〈111〉∥ND织构强度大幅度增加.其中终轧温度为750℃,热轧压下率为80%的试样的〈111〉∥ND再结晶纤维织构的强度最高.     

热轧带钢层流冷却温度优化控制策略研究

在热轧带钢生产过程中,卷取温度是影响成品带钢性能的重要参数之一,其精度的高低对带钢质量至关重要.为保证产品具有良好的性能,采用层流冷却装置对热轧后的板带进行冷却控制,喷水系统的设定是层流冷却过程控制的关键.在冷却过程中带钢的温度不能在线连续检测,其过程具有强非线性和时变性,而且在冷却过程中存在相变,因此难以建立精确的数学模型去描述这一冷却过程.随着带钢厚度,精轧出口温度和轧制速度的变化,单独的前馈/反馈控制很难满足高精度的温度控制需要.在本文的研究中,一系列层流冷却控制策略被采用,包括前馈/反馈控制,自适应算法,以及控制带钢整体温度的均匀性策略.实践应用表明这些控制策略得到很好的检验,能有效地提高卷取温度的控制精度和均匀性.     

磁场作用下取向硅钢薄带的再结晶织构

对由成品取向硅钢片经对称和非对称轧制获得的薄带进行普通与磁场退火,考察了磁场及非对称轧制对取向硅钢薄带初次再结晶织构的影响·发现磁场退火显著增加对称轧制薄带的再结晶Goss织构组分,减少非对称轧制薄带的Goss织构组分;非对称轧制在普通退火时增加Goss织构组分,而在磁场退火时使之明显减少·磁场的作用可以通过磁晶各向异性能和磁有序对晶界迁移的影响来解释·     

两次冷轧压下率分配对IF钢深冲性能的影响

为提高IF钢深冲性能,以热轧带钢为原料,采用两次冷轧的实验方法,在实验室冷轧机上进行润滑轧制·冷轧实验表明,在总压下率一定的情况下,两次冷轧压下率的分配是影响IF钢深冲性能的关键·实测轧制试件的r值,得出在总压下率一定时,两次冷轧比一次冷轧的塑性应变比r值要高;同时得出一次冷轧压下率较小,二次冷轧压下率较大时,可使r值提高;如果冷轧总压下率适当提高,也可使r值提高;两次冷轧压下率均为75%时,r值可达3 2以上·通过对轧制试样的ODF织构分析,表明与实测r值一致·对显微组织观察表明,晶粒呈等轴状时有利于深冲性能·     

Mechanical performance and texture characteristic of an IF steel containing Nb and Ti by double cold rolling

Single cold rolling and double cold rolling were applied to hot rolled strips with different reduction ratios. The evolutions of { 100}, { 111} and Goss face texture during double rolling were investigated by comparing the orientation distribution function (ODF) of the double rolled sample with that of the single rolled one. The double cold rolling texture is characterized by a higher γ-texture and a lower α-texture, and the { 111}〈112〉 component is improved remarkably. Based on the TEM observation and mechanical properties test, it is found that the reduction ratio assignment significantly affects the texture variation, as-annealing microstructures, and properties of the double cold rolled samples. These results may provide a theoretical guide for the industrial production of double cold rolled IF steel.     

控轧控冷TRIP钢的微观相组成及其与力学性能的关系

采用电子背散射衍射技术等实验方法,研究了控轧控冷工艺制备的铌钒微合金化C-Mn-Si系热轧TRIP钢的显微组织及相组成,并分析了与其对应的力学性能．奥氏体轧制过程中的热变形及随后的冷却工艺对最终各相组织的形貌、大小和分布都有直接影响,并决定TRIP钢最终的力学性能．对TRIP钢卷取温度的模拟结果显示,与450和350℃模拟卷取温度相比,400℃模拟卷取温度能使该钢获得更好的综合力学性能．     

氧化铁皮在冷轧过程中的断裂行为

利用轧卡实验研究热轧低碳钢表面氧化铁皮在无酸洗冷轧过程中的断裂行为.结果表明,由于带钢在靠近辊缝处的弹性变形,带钢表面的氧化铁皮受拉应力作用发生断裂,裂纹垂直于轧制方向,越靠近辊缝裂纹密度越大.单道次轧制压下量小于16%时,氧化铁皮只发生断裂;压下量超过16%时,氧化铁皮开始出现脱落,当氧化铁皮受力超过其界面附着强度时,将发生氧化铁皮从带钢表面剥离和粉碎.同样的总压下量条件下,多轧制道次有利于保护氧化铁皮的完整性.     

Effect of temper rolling on the bake-hardening behavior of low carbon steel

In a typical process, low carbon steel was annealed at two different temperatures (660℃ and 750℃), and then was temper rolled to improve the mechanical properties. Pre-straining and baking treatments were subsequently carried out to measure the bake-hardening (BH) values. The influences of annealing temperature and temper rolling on the BH behavior of the steel were investigated. The results indicated that the microstructure evolution during temper rolling was related to carbon atoms and dislocations. After an apparent increase, the BH value of the steel significantly decreased when the temper rolling reduction was increased from 0% to 5%. This was attributed to the increase in solute carbon concentration and dislocation density. The maximum BH values of the steel annealed at 660℃ and 750℃ were 80 MPa and 89 MPa at the reductions of 3% and 4%, respectively. Moreover, increasing the annealing temperature from 660 to 750℃ resulted in an obvious increase in the BH value due to carbide dissolution.     

一种不锈钢复层钢带热轧法的实验研究

完成了由连铸钢坯通过爆炸复合不锈钢，对包复坯采用单根轧制和迭合轧制2种方法生产不锈钢复层钢带的试验．在上述试验的基础上，提出了1种新的不锈钢复合带热轧方法，并进行了实验研究．结果表明，新的热轧法比传统热轧法装配工艺简单，在普通的热轧机上也可以实施热轧样品分析结果表明，复合带界面结合质量良好．提出的热轧法新工艺，可望试验推广在大规模轧机上生产不锈钢复合带卷。     

Prediction of the Charpy V-notch impact energy of low carbon steel using a shallow neural network and deep learning

The impact energy prediction model of low carbon steel was investigated based on industrial data. A three-layer neural network, extreme learning machine, and deep neural network were compared with different activation functions, structure parameters, and training functions. Bayesian optimization was used to determine the optimal hyper-parameters of the deep neural network. The model with the best performance was applied to investigate the importance of process parameter variables on the impact energy of low carbon steel. The results show that the deep neural network obtains better prediction results than those of a shallow neural network because of the multiple hidden layers improving the learning ability of the model. Among the models, the Bayesian optimization deep neural network achieves the highest correlation coefficient of 0.9536, the lowest mean absolute relative error of 0.0843, and the lowest root mean square error of 17.34 J for predicting the impact energy of low carbon steel. Among the variables, the main factors affecting the impact energy of low carbon steel with a final thickness of7.5 mm are the thickness of the original slab, the thickness of intermediate slab, and the rough rolling exit temperature from the specific hot rolling production line.     

Hot deformation behavior of a Cr-containing low carbon steel in the ferrite range

A low carbon steel with Cr addition of 0.46wt% combined with trace elements of Mn and Ti was studied. The apparent activation energy of deformation and the hot deformation equation of the steel in the ferritic range were determined by means of single hot compression tests. The hot-rolled strip of 3 mm in thickness rolled in the ferritic range was obtained using a laboratory hot rolling mill. The mechanical properties show that the values of yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are 230 and 330 MPa, respectively, and the elongation is 33%. The average r-value is 1.1. Large polygonal ferrite recrystallization grains with about 40 grn in size and the strong { 111 } recrystallization texture can be obtained in the hot-rolled strip.     

超快冷终冷温度对桥梁钢组织性能的影响

两阶段轧制后,采用超快冷对实验钢进行冷却,研究了超快冷终冷温度对高强桥梁钢组织性能的影响.结果表明,超快冷终冷温度显著影响实验钢的组织特征,随着超快冷终冷温度的降低,实验钢的显微组织由粒状贝氏体为主逐渐演变为板条贝氏体为主,且M/A尺寸显著细化.明确了超快冷终冷温度对实验钢力学性能的影响规律,且在236℃的超快冷终冷温度条件下,实验钢的屈服强度、抗拉强度、屈强比、-40℃冲击功和延伸率分别为745MPa,961MPa,078,1665J和168%,实现了强度、韧性和塑性的平衡,同时获得了低屈强比.     

低碳海洋平台用钢E40-Z35的研制

通过实验室热模拟实验确定工艺参数,开发了连铸坯生产海洋平台用钢E40-Z35的控轧控冷工艺,并进行了现场工业试制.结果表明:采取低碳(w(C)≈0.08%)微合金化成分设计,利用Ca球化处理MnS夹杂物,以及轧制过程中进行高温慢速大压下,未再结晶区开轧温度为900℃,终轧温度为800℃,终冷温度为640℃左右.热轧后产品的-40℃常规冲击和时效冲击吸收功高于200J,厚度方向断面收缩率高于45%,具有良好的抗层状撕裂性能,满足船级社对海洋平台用钢E40-Z35的要求.     

含Nb船板钢再结晶行为及控轧工艺研究

在Φ450轧机上对含Nb船板钢进行阶梯轧制,研究不同变形温度和变形量下高温奥氏体再结晶行为,绘制出奥氏体形变再结晶区域图,根据再结晶区域图进行热轧实验,通过两种不同的控轧工艺实验对比,寻求力学性能稳定的含Nb船板钢控轧工艺。结果表明,变形温度为1000℃,20%的变形量可发生奥氏体再结晶;变形温度为900℃,低于30%的变形量不发生奥氏体再结晶,变形量增大至40%～50%,发生部分奥氏体再结晶;变形温度为850℃,50%的变形量也不发生奥氏体再结晶。终轧温度提高至910℃,利用超快速冷却技术,合理控制精轧阶段的变形量,可使含Nb船板钢获得与低温终轧条件相当的力学性能。     

热轧金属横向流动规律及其对板形的影响

采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立热轧金属弹塑性变形模型研究金属横向流动,为了降低模型计算成本,在模型中引入平稳轧制过程中轧件几何模型端面纵向位移沿横向均布的假设.利用此模型仿真研究轧制过程中多个因素对于金属横向流动的影响规律以及相应金属横向流动对轧件板形造成的影响.研究结果表明,接触界面摩擦状态的改变对金属横向流动的影响可以忽略;宽带钢热连轧生产中,在比例凸度不变的情况下,宽度的变化和平均前、后张应力介于实际生产范围内的波动不会引起金属横向流动的变化以及进一步的轧件板形变化;金属横向流动随压下率变化,且使得压下率增加时轧件对称板形向中浪趋势发展;金属横向流动随对称及非对称板廓相似度变化,且金属横向流动的变化显著削弱板廓相似度的改变对轧件板形的影响.为了满足生产现场的在线控制,根据多组有限元模型计算结果建立快速金属横向流动非线性回归模型,为轧件板形的准确调控奠定基础.     

TMCP工艺对Si--Mn系贝氏体钢组织与性能的影响

研究了轧后中温缓慢冷却与中温等温两种不同的热机械控制工艺( thermomechanical control process, TMCP)对硅锰系贝氏体钢的组织与性能的影响。通过拉伸试验机测试试验钢的力学性能,利用扫描电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射等分析手段对试验钢进行显微组织结构分析,并利用X射线衍射测定残余奥氏体含量。结果表明：随着轧后连续缓慢冷却开始温度的升高,贝氏体钢的抗拉强度、硬度及拉伸应变硬化指数n值有所提高,伸长率和冲击韧性降低,屈强比先降低后升高。随着轧后等温时间的延长,贝氏体钢的抗拉强度与屈强比先降低后升高,伸长率及冲击韧性先升高后降低。相对于等温制度,连续缓慢冷却可得到更好的综合力学性能,强塑积明显高于前者,伸长率比前者高20%以上。     

板带轧制过程温度场有限元模拟及影响因素分析（Ⅱ）

采用弹塑性大变形热力耦合有限元法研究钢板热轧过程,侧重计算轧件厚向温度分布,并分析了热传导模型,轧辊温度变化对计算结果的影响,计算结果与实验结果比较符合。     

Effect of controlled rolling on the martensitic hardenability of dual phase steel

The C-Mn and C-Mn-Nb steels were thermo-mechanically processed to develop dual phase steel and to study the effect of controlled rolling on the martensitic hardenability of austenite. The steel specimens were intercritically annealed at 790℃, rolled at that temperature to the reductions of 10%, 23%, and 47% and immediately cooled at different rates. Quantitative metallography was used to construct the microstructure map, which illustrated that increasing deformation progressively reduced the proportion of new ferrite formed at all cooling rates and increased the amount of martensite at fast and intermediate rates. The martensitic hardenability of austenite remaining after all the rolling reductions was plotted as a function of cooling rates. It was observed that for the austenite-martensite conversion efficiencies greater than about 25%, controlled rolling increased the martensitic hardenability of austenite.     

高铌X80管线钢的组织和性能

基于低C-Si-Mn加0.10%Nb而不加Mo的合金化设计,用高温轧制工艺(HTP,hightemperature processing)在实验室制得API X80级别管线钢.本次试验确定的主要技术参数为:精轧终轧温度830~850℃,终冷温度500~550℃,冷速25~28℃/s,精轧总压下率不小于75%.得到的组织以针状铁素体为主,加少量块状铁素体和粒状贝氏体,并在晶界分布有岛状组织.对冲击断口的金相、SEM(scanning electronmicroscopy)和EDS(energy dispersion scanner)观察发现脆性第二相粒子和原始奥氏体晶界是该管线钢的主要裂纹源.因...     

CSP热轧板卷边部裂纹成因

用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和能谱分析等方法研究了涟钢CSP热轧板卷边部裂纹的成因.结果表明:连铸坯表面的深振痕是热轧板卷边部裂纹的起源,连铸坯角部过冷导致奥氏体晶界AlN的细小析出,加剧了连铸坯对裂纹的敏感性.连铸坯经过精轧机组的轧制后,连铸坯表面的横裂纹扩展成为热轧板卷的锯齿状裂纹,严重时会造成烂边或掉块.