AA改性纳米CaCO3/聚丙烯的结晶与熔融行为

用双螺杆挤出机制备了丙烯酸(AA)改性纳米CaCO3，PP复合材料，通过DSC研究改性纳米CaCO3，PP中PP的结晶与熔融行为。结果表明纳米CaCO3对PP有异相成核作用，加入纳米CaCO3可使PP结晶温度提高，对熔融峰温影响不大，但能诱导β-PP晶的形成，熔融曲线上出现双峰。随从用量增加，PP的结晶温度和β-PP熔融峰的强度都提高。DCP存在下，能进一步提高了AA改性纳米CaCO3/PP的结晶温度。     

紫外光老化PP/纳米CaCO_3复合材料结晶与熔融行为研究

用DSC和WAXD研究了紫外光老化PP/纳米CaCO3(PP/CC)和相容剂改性PP/CC复合材料的结晶与熔融行为,结果表明随着紫外光老化时间增加,PP熔融温度逐渐降低,结晶度先增加后趋于稳定;PP结晶温度先提高后降低,PP/CC结晶温度降低,相容剂改性PP/CC降低更加明显。紫外光老化PP/CC结晶温度高于纯PP,表明CC对老化PP还具有异相成核作用。未光照的PP-g-MA和POE-g-MA改性PP/CC结晶温度高于未改性的,归结于相容剂与CC相互作用形成的钙盐的异相成核作用;但紫外光老化后PP结晶温度低于未改性PP/CC的,归结于钙盐受到紫外光的作用,失去对PP结晶的异相成核作用和诱导PP生成β晶的能力。     

纳米CaCO3/β-聚丙烯/短切涤纶纤维三元复合材料的结晶行为

通过挤出共混制备纳米碳酸钙/β-成核聚丙烯/短切涤纶纤维复合材料,用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MA)改善相容性.研究了材料中PP的结晶和熔融行为,用修正Jeziorny法、Ozawa法及莫志深法处理了PP的非等温结晶行为.结果表明涤纶纤维和CaCO3能够促进PP的结晶和诱导形成β晶.加入β-成核剂后可得较高β晶含量的复合材料,相容剂对β-成核剂的协同作用使得β晶含量进一步增加.莫志深法能够很好地描叙复合材料中PP的非等温结晶动力学过程,而Jeziorny法和Ozawa法分析的效果不理想.     

丙烯酸原位界面改性Sb2O3/PP母粒的结晶与熔融行为

用双螺杆挤出机制备了SbO3／PP、十溴联苯醚(DBDPO)／PP母料和丙烯酸(AA)改性Sb203／PP母料，用DSC研究了SbO33、DBDPO对PP结晶与熔融行为的影响以及AA对Sb203／PP母料结晶与熔融行为的影响。SbO3对PP产生的异相成核作用比DBDPO的明显，使PP结晶和熔融温度提高更大，但DBDPO促进PP形成β晶。AA加入及其用量改变对SbO3／PP母粒中PP结晶与熔融行为影响不大，在DCP存在下AA改性母粒中PP结晶与熔融温度比无DCP的低。     

蒙脱土/聚丙烯成核机理的α→β转变

蒙脱土(MMT)填充等规聚丙烯(i PP)仅形成α-晶。该文利用MMT的Ca2+与庚二酸(PA)反应形成庚二酸钙(Ca PA)制备了表面负载β-成核剂的MMT(β-MMT),FTIR和TGA证实了β-MMT表面Ca PA的形成。采用DSC和XRD研究了β-MMT填充i PP纳米复合材料的β-成核作用和β-晶含量,观察到随着MMT/PA质量比减小(即PA用量增加),i PP复合材料的结晶峰温提高,α-晶熔融峰强逐渐减弱,β-晶熔融峰强逐渐增强,最后仅出现β-晶熔融单峰,表明β-成核作用增强。XRD结果表明随着MMT/PA质量比减小,β-晶含量逐步提高,当MMT/PA质量比为100制备的β-MMT填充i PP纳米复合材料全部形成β-晶。以上结果表明,MMT粒子表面负载β-成核剂可实现MMT填充i PP复合材料结晶从α-晶转变为β-晶。     

磷酸盐与山梨醇类成核剂成核PP样品等温结晶行为与熔融特性

用差动扫描量热计（DSC）研究了一种有机磷酸盐类成核剂（A）、山梨醇类成核剂（D）成核PP和纯PP的等温结晶行为和熔融特性。结果表明成核样品缩短PP的半结晶时间，成核型A比D更明显；纯PP样品的半结晶时间正比于结晶温度，而成核PP的半结晶时间与结晶温度的关系在结晶温度低时，依赖性较纯PP的小，而在高结晶温度，半结晶时间对结晶温度的依赖性比较PP的大。成核剂的加入使PP结晶完善性提高，且熔融峰发生改变，熔融峰高温区出现一肩峰；而纯PP在低温区有一很宽的肩峰。根据半结晶时间，2种成核剂的成核效果为A＞D，与非等温结晶的结果一致。     

稀土Sm杂化材料/PP共混体系性能研究

PS/PP、Sm2O3-PS/PP共混体系性能研究表明,PS及Sm2O3-PS的加入影响了PP的结晶形态,使共混体系结晶速率增加.PS/PP和Sm2O3-PS/PP相同比例的共混体系,其熔融峰位置向低温偏移,体系熔点略低,其结晶峰位置向高温偏移,结晶温度有较明显的提高.     

负载型β-成核剂对PP结晶与熔融行为的影响

 采用纳米CaCO₃作为载体制备了负载型β-成核剂及其β-成核-PP,用DSC和XRD研究了载体纳米CaCO₃用量和负载型β-成核剂用 量对成核PP结晶与熔融行为和β-PP含量的影响,并与传统β-成核剂庚二酸钙（CaHA）成核PP比较。结果表明,负载型β-成核剂比β -成核剂CaHA成核PP具有高的结晶温度,负载型β-成核剂成核PP结晶温度随其用量增加而提高,但随载体用量增加而降低。负载型 β-晶成核剂β-成核作用高于CaHA成核剂,β-PP含量达90％以上;且负载型β-晶成核剂成核PP的β-PP含量受成核剂用量和成核剂中载 体用量影响不大。     

纳米凹凸棒对聚乳酸结晶行为的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了不同凹凸棒(Attapulgite,AT)含量的聚乳酸(PLA)/AT纳米复合材料.通过DSC研究了AT对PLA结晶行为的影响.结果显示,少量AT(≤3%)的加入使得PLA的冷结晶温度升高、高温熔融峰焓值下降,表明少量AT对PLA的结晶有抑制作用.当AT含量增加时(≥8%),PLA的冷结晶温度逐渐降低、高温熔融峰焓值逐渐增加,表明AT具有促进PLA结晶的能力.材料中,AT含量对PLA结晶能力有极大的影响.在379K进行等温结晶时,PLA的半结晶时间(t_(1/2))为4.47min;添加1%AT时,t_(1/2)增至5.63 min;而当添加8%AT时,t_(1/2)降低至3.98 min.同时,AT的加入使得PLA的结晶活化能E明显降低.在368~398K范围内,对PLA/AT纳米复合材料的熔体等温结晶动力学过程进行了分析.计算得到Avrami指数n为2.34~2.42,表明PLA主要以球晶形式生长.     

纳米CaCO3改性聚丙烯力学性能和微观结构的研究

通过混合、熔融挤出,把纳米CaCO3填充到聚丙烯PP基体中去,制得高强度低成本的PP改性复合材料。对该复合材料进行了力学性能测试和微观结构的观察,并对纳米CaCO3改性PP的增韧机理进行了讨论。实验结果表明,纳米CaCO3填充PP用量在12份时,对PP复合材料有明显的增韧增强作用,而且可有效地降低原料成本18%～25%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with