从《路的尽头》解读对萨特存在主义的“戏仿”

美国作家约翰·巴思在二十世纪五十年代发表的《路的尽头》中体现出对萨特存在主义思潮的戏仿。本文试途通过分析巴思对萨特存在主义的"存在先于本质"、"自由选择"、"个人责任"等方面做滑稽辛辣的戏仿,从而呈现出人们普遍感到茫然不知所措、感到人性的迷失和生存的荒诞等这样的真实画卷,使消愁颓废和悲观失望的美国人能更清楚的认识这个世界且主动去探索新的生存哲学和人生意义。     

自由·虚无——萨特自由思想解读

自由是萨特最为关注的哲学问题。萨特认为人的自由之根源在于人的意识的虚无性和否定性。认为人作为自为的存在与物作为自在的存在之差别在于人的存在先于本质,这正是人的自由的根本所在。人的自由在于选择的自由,并认为这种自由是绝对的。萨特的自由哲学脱离了人的社会实践,最终不过是抽象的个体自由与精神自由。     

对萨特存在主义哲学的剖析

一、萨特存在主义哲学关于哲学基本问题是“存在”的观点，是改头换面的主观唯心主义的变种．二、萨特存在主义哲学表明其哲学是关于人的本体论的学说，提出称之谓“第一原理”的“存在先于本质”的基本观点，否认人的社会性、历史性和实践性，是人本主义的异化。三、萨特存在主义哲学关于“自由选择”的基本观点，是极端个人主义和无政府主义在哲学上的理论表现。     

存在主义文学的宗教思想观念

存在主义文学是萨特存在主义哲学的诗意表现。存在主义文学其思想鲜明，从传统宗教信仰上分析，主要表现为理性观念的改变，对传统宗教思想意识的否定、反叛，关注人的生命价值和自由选择。     

"翻"越"存在"——大江健三郎《空翻》解读

在精神和信仰空白的日本,作家大江健三郎以文学的方式努力为人类寻找着“构筑灵魂的场所”,寻找着存在的本质意义。大江健三郎在创作中融入了萨特、斯宾诺沙与托马斯等人的理念,这使得《空翻》在某种程度上超越了萨特存在主义,从而形成了大江文学那带有鲜明东方色彩的独特性。     

用存在主义解读《人性的污秽》

《人性的污秽》这部小说是美国犹太作家菲利普罗思的重要作品,本文主要从萨特的存在主义来分析这本小说。通过自由选择理论和他人的观点来体现人对自由的追寻以及在社会中人与人之间复杂的关系。     

浅论存在主义视域中的《呼啸山庄》

在以萨特为首的存在主义者的眼中,存在先于本质,他人就是地狱,选择和责任是他们关心的焦点话题。尝试用存在主义的上述三个命题从新的视角对经典小说《呼啸山庄》进行阐释,可以认为这部作品无意中印证了萨特存在主义的基本观点。     

“翻”越“存在”大江健三郎《空翻》解读

在精神和信仰空白的日本，作家大江健三郎以文学的方式努力为人类寻找着“构筑灵魂的场所”，寻找着存在的本质意义。大江健三郎在创作中融人了萨特、斯宾诺沙与托马斯等人的理念，这使得《空翻》在某种程度上超越了萨特存在主义，从而形成了大江文学那带有鲜明东方色彩的独特性。     

从胡塞尔的现象学到萨特的存在主义

萨特的存在主义哲学,从胡塞尔的现象学出发,把存在规定为自我存在,认为自我存在是一切存在的本源,从而建立了他自己的人的存在的本体论哲学。萨特怎样从胡塞尔的现象学向自己的存在主义哲学转变的呢?对此,本文作一初步的探索,以求教于同志们。萨特扬弃了胡塞尔的先验现象学,把     

萨特的“存在先于本质”简析

"存在先于本质"是萨特哲学的重要命题。这一命题不是唯心主义的,它也没有否定人的社会性;指责这一命题存在着内在矛盾而不能成立,其理由也是站不住脚的。几位论者的看法存在着对萨特观点的明显误解。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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