外氧化法制备Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的组织与性能

在不添加外氧化剂Cu2O的条件下,通过外氧化法生成氧化剂Cu2O,真空条件下进行Al2O3内氧化与烧结、热挤压和冷拉拔制备了Al2O3颗粒弥散强化的铜基复合材料,对其微观组织和硬度、导电率进行了分析测试。结果表明:外氧化法制备的Al2O3/Cu复合材料,随着Al2O3含量的增加,材料的硬度增加,而导电率减小;进行热挤压变形后,Al2O3/Cu复合材料的硬度随变形量的增加而增加,而导电率降低;制备的冷拉拔变形率为24.8%的1.04wt.%Al2O3/Cu复合材料硬度为69.2 HRB,导电率为73.6%IACS。     

Si3N4/AlN对Sialon/刚玉复合材料组织和性能的影响

以棕刚玉,Al,Si,Al2O3为原料,利用一步工艺合成了Sialon/刚玉复合材料·研究了Si3N4/AlN复合添加剂对复合材料组织、性能以及复合材料中N含量的影响·研究结果表明:材料中N含量随着Si3N4/AlN复合添加剂的增加而增加,材料的强度随着Si3N4/AlN复合添加剂的增加呈现出先升高后降低的变化趋势;当氮化温度超过1330℃,氮化时间超过8h后,添加Si3N4/AlN的材料中N含量基本上达到饱和值,添加Si3N4/AlN可以降低Sialon相的合成温度;1230～1280℃是一个重要的前期氮化温度,添加Si3N4/AlN的材料在该温度可完成整个氮化反应的94 2%,早期对Al,...     

Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的制备及其力学性能

以Al和B2O3为原料,采用高频感应加热方法制备出纯的Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉体,然后在N2保护下1600℃热压烧结2h制备出Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷。采用XRD和SEM技术分别表征了Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉的相和形貌以及Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的相和断口形貌。采用三点弯曲法和压痕法分别测试了Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性。研究结果表明：由于室温下Al-B2O3体系的绝热温度大于1800K,因此可以采用高频感应加热方法点燃Al-B2O3体系,并制备出纯的Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉体;Al2O3相和AlB12相是分别通过液-液反应机制和液-固反应机制生成;Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为549.48MPa和5.96MPa·m1/2,分别比纯Al2O3陶瓷的350MPa和4MPa·m1/2高56.99%和49%,这可能是原位反应生成的细小AlN颗粒增强增韧了Al2O3基陶瓷。     

真空内氧化法制备α-Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料

对 Cu O-Al体系进行热力学和动力学分析的基础上 ,采用将 Cu O和 Al粉末压块的方法加入到真空条件的 Cu液中使其发生化学反应 ,生成 Al2 O3增强颗粒而获得复合材料。对复合材料进行了扫描电镜观察及 X射线衍射分析 ,并测试了 Al2 O3含量对复合材料电导率的影响。结果表明 ,内氧化法是制备 Al2 O3/ Cu复合材料较理想的方法 ;Al2 O3/ Cu复合材料用于高强度高导电领域时 Al2 O3含量应小于 1 .85 wt%     

颗粒增强Al基复合材料组织和性能的研究

采用高能球磨粉末冶金法制备颗粒增强Al基复合材料,分别以ZrO2,SiC和α-Al2O3为增强体,对比分析了不同颗粒增强Al基复合材料的组织与性能.以α-Al2O3颗粒为主增强体,分析了不同粒度α-Al2O3对复合材料组织性能的影响.研究结果表明,ZrO2/Al和 SiC/Al 复合材料的界面结合不如α-Al2O3/Al复合材料的界面结合紧密,α-Al2O3颗粒粒径为45μm时,复合材料性能更好地得到改善,添加适量的Ce能改善基体与增强体的界面结合,并显著地提高了颗粒增强Al基复合材料的性能.     

真空内氧化法制备α—Al3O3／Cu复合材料

对CuO-Al体系进行热力学和动力学分析的基础上,采用将CuO和Al粉末压块的方法加入到真空条件的Cu液中使其发生化学反应,生成Al2O3增强颗粒而获得复合材料,对复合材料进行了扫描电镜观察及X射线衍射分析,并测试了Al2O3含量复合材料电导率的影响。结果表明,内氧化法是制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料理想的方法;Al2O3/Cu复合材料用于高强度高导电领域时Al2O3含量应小于1．85wt%.     

内氧化工艺对Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料中Al_2O_3颗粒分布的影响

采用压块加入法和分别加入法两种内氧化工艺 ,将 Cu O和 Al粉末加入到 Ar气保护的铜液中制备 Al2 O3/ Cu复合材料 ,在光学显微镜、扫描电镜及 X射线衍射仪上观察分析了Al2 O3颗粒的数量、分布及材料的相组成。结果表明 ,压块加入法生成的 Al2 O3颗粒呈枝晶状分布 ,最佳保温时间为 30～ 45 min;分别加入法生成的 Al2 O3颗粒呈弥散状分布 ,最佳保温时间为 45～ 6 0 mi     

Al_2O_3/SiC纳米陶瓷复合材料的制备及力学性能

采用一次粒径分别为10nm和15nm的αAl2O3和SiC粉体为原料,制备了Al2O3/SiC纳米陶瓷复合材料·纳米SiC颗粒明显抑制Al2O3基体晶粒的长大,SiC体积分数超过4%时,材料的断裂方式由沿晶断裂变为穿晶断裂·随SiC含量的增加,Al2O3/SiC纳米复合材料的硬度增大·材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性在SiC体积分数为5%时达到最大值·最大三点弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别为641MPa和47MPam1/2,明显高于热压单相Al2O3陶瓷(344MPa和31MPam1/2)·复合材料的强化主要来源于内晶颗粒残余应力强化和晶粒细化...     

Al2O3,Al3Zr颗粒增强Al-12%Si基原位复合材料的高温热膨胀性

以Al-12%Si和Zr(CO3)2作为反应组元,通过原位反应法制备出Al2O3,Al3Zr颗粒增强铝硅基复合材料,通过快速凝固成型得到铸态试样.用热膨胀仪测试了材料在50～500℃范围内的膨胀位移与温度的关系,进而得出平均线膨胀系数.结果表明:在同一温度条件下,随颗粒理论体积分数增加,复合材料的平均线膨胀系数减小.温度是影响平均线膨胀系数的重要因素.当试样温度在50～300℃时,随温度增加,平均线膨胀系数逐渐增加;当试样温度在300～500℃时,随温度增加,平均线膨胀系数逐渐减小;300℃时平均线膨胀系数最大.用Rom、Turner和Kerner模型计算了理论热膨胀系数.比较发现,实测值更接近Turner模型理论预测值.最后通过界面残余热应力分析指出具有高温低膨胀性的(Al2O3+Al3Zr)p/Al-12%Si颗粒增强铝基复合材料能有效防止材料高温时的塑性变形.     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备及热膨胀性能

以复合材料在电子封装方面的应用为目标,选择粒径大约为4μm的Al2O3、AlN和SiC颗粒,采用挤压铸造法方法制备了颗粒体积分数为40%的3种铝基复合材料。研究表明,所制备的复合材料组织致密,颗粒均匀分布。对比分析表明,复合材料的平均线膨胀系数(CTE)在11.51×10-6～18.62×10-6/K之间并随着加热温度的升高而增大。SiCp/2024复合材料的CTE实测值最低,AlNp/6061次之,Al2O3p/2024略高;Al2O3p/2024的实测值与Kerner模型预测值相符得较好,而AlNp/6061复合材料与ROM模型符合得较好,SiCp/2024复合材料的实测值介于Shapery模型的上下限之间。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that