Cloning and expression of DnaJ homolog in carrot somatic embryo

As the co-chaperone of DnaK/Hsp70 protein, DnaJ/Hsp40 protein influences the synthesis and assembly of the protein complex by regulating ATPase activity of DnaK/Hsp70 protein. By employing the modified method of cDNA representational difference analysis, a homologous fragment of DnaJ was isolated from the deregulated carrot somatic embryos, and it was further used as the probe to screen the cDNA library of carrot somatic embryo deregulated for 12 h. As the result, DcJ1 gene, the homologous gene of DnaJ, was isolated from carrot. Sequence analysis showed that its coding region is 1257 bp, which codes 418 amino acids and comprises 3 highly-conserved characteristic domains. Southern blot analysis suggested that the DcJ1 gene seems to be a single copy in the genome, while Northern blot result indicated that DcJ1 expresses only in roots and its degree of expression changes obviously with the regulation-deregulation process. These results suggest that DcJ1 is correlated with the early development of carrot somatic embryo radicle.     

Cd-Pb-Zn复合污染物在胡萝卜中的富集迁移及交互作用——以干旱区绿洲土壤为例

采用盆栽实验研究外源Cd-Pb-Zn复合污染物对胡萝卜生长的影响及其在胡萝卜中的富集、迁移特征.结果表明:在外源Cd,Zn,Pb质量分数分别为≤1.25,≤180,≤230 mg/kg水平F,外源Cd-Pb-Zn的添加促进了胡萝卜的生长,表现为其干重和根茎干重较对照点的增加.经统计回归分析可知:胡萝卜中重金属质量分数主要与土壤中该元素活性态的分配系数有关,共存元素也有一定的协同或拮抗作用.其中Cd受Pb和Zn的影响不突出,胡萝卜中Pb的质量分数受土壤中共存Zn的影响,Zn的质量分数受共存Cd的影响,共存元素的赋存形态不同其影响也不同.Cd,Pb,zn在胡萝卜各组织中的富集系数与迁移系数虽然与外源添加Cd-Pb-Zn的质量分数有关,但基本表现为Cd>Zn>Pb.     

胡萝卜冷冻干燥的实验研究

通过对胡萝卜的中心与外层部分进行冷冻干燥实验的研究,比较了胡萝卜在冻干过程中的传质、传热性能;建立了胡萝卜在升华阶段的冻干模型。对由本模型计算得出的模型参数和升华干燥时间与实验结果进行对比讨论。     

微波和红外干燥对胡萝卜品质的影响

用微波和红外干燥对胡萝卜的干燥品质进行了研究,并与传统的热风干燥进行了比较。通过仪器和感官分析对胡萝卜的品质进行了评定,结果表明,干燥胡萝卜的品质特性因所使用的干燥方法而不同。     

胡萝卜抗冻蛋白基因的克隆及其在E.coli中的表达

对中国的一个胡萝卜品种进行了冷诱导前后幼苗总蛋白组成的比较、分析 ,SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的结果表明两者在相对分子质量 36 0 0 0附近有一条蛋白带的差别。由此推测实验的胡萝卜品种在冷诱导过程中有抗冻蛋白 (AFP)表达。根据相关的研究结果设计引物 ,以胡萝卜幼苗基因组DNA为模板 ,通过PCR扩增得到了长 10 99bp的抗冻蛋白基因。测序结果表明其与GenBank公布的afp序列仅有 3个碱基的差别。将此抗冻蛋白基因克隆进大肠杆菌表达载体pGEX4T1,在IPTG的诱导下表达出了含有AFP的约 6 0 0 0 0的融合蛋白 ,证明该AFP基因在原核表达系统中可以正常表达     

重金属汞对植物生理活动的影响和钙离子的拮抗作用

汞对植物各方面的生理活动均有严重影响。植物吸收的汞大都积累在根部,这是由于汞与植物根部蛋白质相结合的结果。汞也可诱发生物的染色体突变。富集在作物体内的汞进而通过食物链危害人体。人类的轻度汞中毒可通过摄入含钙食品来缓解。探讨了汞对植物体细胞和生殖细胞的影响,并研究了钙离子对植物汞伤害的缓解作用。发现汞对植物体细胞和生殖细胞均有严重影响,钙离子对植物叶细胞和生殖细胞的汞伤害均有较高程度的拮抗作用,但对根细胞的汞伤害没有明显的缓解作用。     

ICP—AES法测胡萝卜叶中微量元素的含量

用高压罐硝化样品，以正交试验处理样品，利用ICP—AES法测定胡萝卜叶及胡萝h中Mn、K、Mg、Zn、Fe、Ca、Cu、P、Ge共9种微量元素的含量．采用该方法的回收率在96．00％～103．50％之间，相对标准偏差小于1．81％．ICP--AES法具有快捷、简单、准确度高等特点，且同时测定多种元素，更适合胡萝卜叶及胡萝卜中金属与非金属元素的测定．实验证明，胡萝卜叶中含有Mn、K、Mg、Zn．Fe、Ca、Cu、P、Ge等大量对人体有益的微量元素，说明胡萝卜叶跟胡萝卜一样是一种营养价值很高且开发前景广阔的绿色蔬菜．     

超高氧高阻隔膜气调包装对鲜切胡萝卜品质的影响

高氧气调包装是近年来研究较多的气调包装方式之一.研究了在不同储藏温度(4,15,25℃)下,高阻隔膜超高氧气调包装的鲜切胡萝卜品质变化规律(对照空气包装).结果表明,超高氧气调包装显著增加了鲜切胡萝卜的失重率、呼吸强度,同时加速了维生素C、总胡萝卜素含量的损失,但能提高多酚类物质含量.总之,高阻隔膜超氧气调包装不能有效地维持鲜切胡萝卜的品质.     

外源硒对胡萝卜生理生化特性、富硒性及其产量的影响

采用不同浓度亚硒酸钠（NasSeO3）进行胡萝卜叶面喷施田间试验，研究硒对胡萝卜硒富集、产量及其生理生化特性的影响．结果表明：叶面施硒可明显提高胡萝卜中各形态硒含量，随施硒量的增加，有机硒转化率随之上升；其全硒、有机硒含量在最大处理浓度（500mg/kg）最高，分别是CK的15．9和26．6倍．施硒除在个别硒浓度提高SOD和CAT活性外，其余浓度酶活降低；施硒低于10mg／kg时有利于胡萝卜叶绿素合成；硒对胡萝卜光和速率则表现负效应．施硒胡萝卜产量较对照降低未达显著水平．综合分析硒对胡萝卜含硒量、产量及其生理生化、以及对人、畜食用的安全性，施硒量以不超过1．0mg／kg为宜．     

预煮液调酸对胡萝卜汁性状的影响

本实验在制胡萝卜混合汁时将预煮液先用柠檬酸调成不同 ｐＨ值,然后预煮制汁。通过对胡萝卜汁的营养状况和稳定性研究,找出最佳的预煮液ｐＨ值。     

Cloning oflea cDNA fragment of carrot (Daucus carota L.) and analysis of its expression features

Addition of concentrated sucrose to MS culture arrests the development of carrot somatic embryo at the stage of cotyledon embryo and, with the sucrose concentration restored to normal level, the embryo thus arrested is reactivated into post-embryonic development. Using the method of RT-PCR, the cDNA fragment of a new member of the Dc3 family of lea has been obtained from carrot somatic embryo under regulated state. As revealed by Northern blotting, strong expression has been observed in carrot somatic embryo under regulated state but the expression was much reduced 12 h after deregulation, and nearly disappeared 24 h after. Based on this finding as well as results of related studies, it is surmised that changing the sucrose concentration in culture enabled carrot somatic embryo under suspension culture to undergo a specific course of development which is comparable to the dormancy-germination process of seeds.     

Cloning of lea cDNA fragment of carrot (Daucus carota L.) and analysis of its expression features

Addition of concentrated sucrose to MS culture arrests the development of carrot somatic embryo at the stage of cotyledon embryo and, with the sucrose concentration restored to normal level, the embryo thus arrested is reactivated into post-embryonic development. Using the method of RT-PCR, the cDNA fragment of a new member of the Dc3 family of lea has been obtained from carrot somatic embryo under regulated state. As revealed by Northern blotting, strong expression has been observed in carrot somatic embryo under regulated state but the expression was much reduced 12 h after deregulation, and nearly disappeared 24 h after. Based on this finding as well as results of related studies, it is surmised that changing the sucrose concentration in culture enabled carrot somatic embryo under suspension culture to undergo a specific course of development which is comparable to the dormancy-germination process of seeds.     

胡萝卜豆奶生产工艺的研究

报道了胡萝卜豆奶的生产工艺及产品特性。该饮料以黄豆和胡萝卜为主要原料，经浸豆、胡萝卜除臭、磨浆、调配、均质、杀菌而制成。     

干旱区绿洲土壤Cd-Zn复合污染对胡萝卜的影响及富集迁移规律

以干旱区绿洲土壤为供试材料,通过盆栽实验探讨了Cd-Zn复合污染条件下,土壤重金属的形态变化及其在胡萝卜中的分布、累积和迁移情况.结果表明:随着重金属Cd-Zn复合胁迫质量分数的增加,低质量分数的Cd-Zn胁迫促进了胡萝卜的生长,高质量分数时明显抑制了胡萝卜的生长;Zn的碳酸盐结合态促进了胡萝卜对Zn的累积;胡萝卜对Cd,Zn的富集系数和转运系数及富集量系数和转运量系数的关系均为Cd>Zn,胡萝卜对重金属的迁移能力为Cd>Zn;胡萝卜对Cd,Zn的积累量与土壤中Cd,Zn胁迫量之间呈现多元非线性关系,Cd,Zn的交互作用因质量分数而异.     

高压脉冲电场对鲜榨胡萝卜汁的品质和 内源酶活力影响

对比研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)处理和高温短时巴氏杀菌(HTST)对鲜榨胡萝卜汁品质和内源酶活力的影响.两种杀菌处理方式对胡萝卜汁的pH值、总酸度、可溶性固形物含量、还原糖含量影响不显著.在PEF(30 kV/cm,500μs)条件处理下,胡萝卜汁色泽、黏度均未发生显著变化,而总酚和类胡萝卜素总量均有所提高.在HTST(98℃,21 s)条件处理下,胡萝卜汁会发生褐变,黏度显著变大,总酚含量显著下降.结果表明PEF处理后的胡萝卜汁理化性质、营养成分比高温短时巴氏杀菌更接近新鲜胡萝卜汁.随着脉冲场强增加至30 kV/cm和PEF处理时间延长至800μs,胡萝卜汁中的脂肪氧化酶(LOX)和过氧化物酶(POD)相对酶活(RA)最低分别降至23.22%和46.97%,LOX对PEF参数变化更为敏感.经HTST处理后,LOX和POD相对酶活分别降至19.21%和48.08%.     

天然胡萝卜色素的提取及性能研究

对胡萝卜中提取天然胡萝卜色素的方法和条件进行研究,并且在各种不同条件及环境下,对它的性能和稳定性进行测试,结果表明,该色素易溶于有机溶剂,在可见光区最大吸收波长为450nm,降解反应级数为一级反应,对光、热的稳定性较好.在弱碱性条件下其性能比较稳定,酸性条件下不稳定.Al3+,Fe3+,Mg2+对其有影响;Na+、Ca2+、K+对其无影响,其性能稳定,耐氧化性较差,易被H2O2氧化,抗还原性较好.     

Apoptosis of carrot nuclei inin vitro system induced by cytochrome c

The apoptosis of carrot nuclei induced in cytosol of carrot cells by cytochrome c is reported. This kind of cell-free apoptosis system of plant, CS-100, is an efficient In vitro inducing system. Several typical characteristics of apoptosis including chromatin condensation, margina-tion and apoptotic bodies could be detected, and the degradation of genome in carrot nuclei into nucleosomal fragments could be detected. TUNEL assay shows the specific breakage of 3'-OH ends of DNA strand. The results indicate that CS-100 is an efficient and easily-operated in vitro system to study the apoptotic mechanism in plant and the apoptosis in plant cells may share similar pathways to apoptosis in animal cells.     

不同前处理对胡萝卜汁榨出率等参数的影响

研究表明 ,胡萝卜经过冻融处理后 ,胡萝卜汁的榨出率最高 ;经过蒸汽热烫 2 1min处理后 ,榨汁中的可溶性固形物和胡萝卜素的含量均最高 ;经过蒸汽热烫 30min处理后 ,单位重量的胡萝卜的可溶性固形物和胡萝卜素的榨出率最高 .     

苦楝和杉木的种间化感作用研究

mg/kg浓度苦楝叶提取物处理的对杉木种子各发芽指标促进作用最明显,接着为50 mg/kg或200 mg/kg浓度处理的;萃取参数2和3条件下以200 mg/kg浓度提取物处理的促进作用最强,接着为50 mg/kg或100 mg/kg浓度处理的.