基于萃取和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法的贝类抗生素快速测定方法

建立一种简单、快速的超声波萃取–固相萃取净化–超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析方法, 可以同时测定淡水贝类软组织中磺胺类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、β-内酰胺类和氨基糖苷类中15种抗生素。采取超声波萃取法, 对贝类体内的抗生素进行萃取, 用固相萃取方法净化提取液, 最后用超高效液相色谱–三重四级杆质谱对目标物进行分析检测。主要比较两种固相萃取柱Oasis HLB和Oasis PRiME HLB对污染物的净化效率, 后者展现出较好的结果。15种抗生素加标回收率实验结果表明: 当加标浓度为50 ng/g时, 回收率为64%~121%, 相对标准偏差为0.5%~19% (n=3); 添加高浓度(100 ng/g)样品时, 回收率为67%~117%, 相对标准偏差为1%~9%(n=3)。方法检测限(LOD)为0.004~0.5 ng/g (干重), 定量限(LOQ)为0.013~1.67 ng/g (干重)。该方法具有回收率高、检测限低的特点。使用该方法对鄱阳湖3个采样点三角帆蚌中的抗生素进行分析, 结果显示, 在15种抗生素中, 有9种均不同程度地检出, 检出频率和浓度最高的是甲氧苄胺嘧啶, 最高浓度达到78.8 ng/g, 其次是奇霉素(41.2 ng/g)和环丙沙星(39.8 ng/g)。     

超声辅助萃取-高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中9种β-内酰胺抗生素残留

 建立了一种采用超声辅助萃取-高效液相色谱法检测牛奶中9种β-内酰胺抗生素残留的方法.牛奶样品经过乙腈沉淀蛋白,磷酸盐缓冲溶液为提取液,20kHz超声处理5min,离心处理,固相萃取小柱净化,采用Agilent TC C18 (150mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,选用磷酸盐-甲醇作流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,220nm检测,在22min内分离检测.方法可用于牛奶中上述抗生素残留的同时检测.     

牛奶中氯霉素残留的高效液相色谱法测定

利用液液萃取-高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测方法建立了牛奶中氯霉素残留的分析方法。牛奶样品加入冰醋酸和饱和氯化钠溶液后用乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取液浓缩并转溶于乙腈中,用正己烷脱脂,最后浓缩定容于流动相中,进行仪器分析。氯霉素浓度在20~1 000 ng/m L范围内线性良好,方法的加标回收率在86.5%~94.4%之间,最低检测限为2ng/m L。     

SPE-HPLC测定土霉素菌渣中土霉素的残留效价

使用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测土霉素菌渣中土霉素的残留效价,样品用甲醇/冰乙酸/0.5mol/L Na Cl(V/V/V=5/4/2)提取,经Waters Sep-Pak C18固相萃取柱净化,用高效液相色谱仪进行检测.色谱柱为C18柱,流动相为乙腈:0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲溶液(p H=2.5,1 L溶液含0.48g Na2EDTA)25∶75(V∶V),检测波长为354 nm,流速为1.0 m L/min,进样量为10μL,柱温为30°C.结果表明,土霉素的方法检出限为0.032 mg/L,在不同加标量(1、2、5 mg/kg)下,回收率可达89.2%~97.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.4%(n=6),标准曲线的线性关系良好.该方法操作方便,灵敏度高且检测成本较低,可广泛用于土霉素菌渣的检测,并且为土霉素菌渣资源化提供基础数据.     

磁性石墨烯-液质联用测定鸡肉中万古霉素和喹诺酮

建立了鸡肉中万古霉素和喹诺酮类药物残留的磁性石墨烯固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.样品采用乙腈提取,磁性石墨烯粉分散固相萃取净化,经Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(3.0 mm ×100.0 mm,1.8 μm)色谱柱分离,液相色谱-串联质谱仪进行检测.目标物在2.0~50.0 μg/L内线性关系良好(r²>0.99).鸡肉基质中目标化合物在5、10、25 μg/kg加标水平的回收率为71.2%~98.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.8%~14.3%.该方法净化效果好,回收率高,精密度好,可用于鸡肉中万古霉素和喹诺酮类药物残留检测.     

韭菜中的福美双含量的检测和食用方法研究

近几年来菜农们为了增加农作物的产量,在作物的生长期内对其施加了大量的农药,使农作物中含有一定量的农药残留。当人们食用了含有大量农药残留的食物后,就会危害人们的身体健康。因此,农产品质量安全问题引起社会各界的高度重视。主要用紫外分光光度计确定福美双的最大吸收波长,通过实验选择高效液相色谱法的流动相、流动相配比、流动相流速以及流动相pH等最佳检测条件。在最佳检测条件下,对样品进行高效液相色谱分析,以检测韭菜中福美双的残留量。方法平均回收率为92.1%~103.9%,检出限为0.052 0mg/kg,相对标准偏差为1.8%。此方法简便、快速、准确度高,适合作为一种常规的残留检测方法。同时对韭菜的食用方法进行了研究,为减少韭菜食用过程中的农药残留提供依据。     

地下水中多菌灵残留的SPE-HPLC分析方法

建立了检测地下水中多菌灵残留量的固相萃取-高效液相色谱法.样品经C18固相萃取小柱富集净化后,以甲醇-(水+氨水)为流动相,高效液相色谱-紫外检测器检测,外标法定量.在0.01~1.0 mg/L质量浓度范围内,线性相关系数0.999 9,最低检出限为0.003 4 mg/L.添加质量浓度为0.01,0.05,0.18 mg/L,回收率在95.3%~97.8%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.09%~4.18%.方法应用在实际样品分析中可行,适用于地下水样中痕量有机物的检测.     

高效液相色谱测定蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

将自制的弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱用于蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯农药残留的研究,建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱(SPE-HPLC)同时测定蔬菜中甲氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和氯菊酯农药残留的方法,测定了4种蔬菜样品,平均回收率分别为卷心菜80.7%~106.2%,花菜80.5%~102.6%,红萝卜63.0%~109.3%,青椒74.9%~109.0%,相对标准偏差≤14.5%.     

QuEChERS-HPLC同时测定蔬果中残留氨基甲酸酯类和苯甲酰脲类农药

建立了采用QuEChERS-高效液相色谱法(QuEChERS-HPLC)测定蔬菜水果中残留的氨基甲酸酯类和苯甲酰脲类农药的检测方法.农药组份回收率在70.5%~118.5%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.6%~9.8%之间,方法的检出限为0.02~0.30 mg/kg,满足国标检测限量要求.该方法具有快速、简便、经济、环保的特点,便于在地方检测机构推广.     

在线富集高效液相色谱法检测水样中的克百威残留

采用在线预柱富集-高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测水样中的克百威(carbofuran)残留.对在线富集参数(渗漏体积、预富集流速、实验重现性)及方法可行性进行了研究.用紫外可见检测器(UV/Vis)检测时,检测限可达0.05μg/L,相关系数为0.9985.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has