Holographic three-dimensional telepresence using large-area photorefractive polymer

Holography is a technique that is used to display objects or scenes in three dimensions. Such three-dimensional (3D) images, or holograms, can be seen with the unassisted eye and are very similar to how humans see the actual environment surrounding them. The concept of 3D telepresence, a real-time dynamic hologram depicting a scene occurring in a different location, has attracted considerable public interest since it was depicted in the original Star Wars film in 1977. However, the lack of sufficient computational power to produce realistic computer-generated holograms and the absence of large-area and dynamically updatable holographic recording media have prevented realization of the concept. Here we use a holographic stereographic technique and a photorefractive polymer material as the recording medium to demonstrate a holographic display that can refresh images every two seconds. A 50?Hz nanosecond pulsed laser is used to write the holographic pixels. Multicoloured holographic 3D images are produced by using angular multiplexing, and the full parallax display employs spatial multiplexing. 3D telepresence is demonstrated by taking multiple images from one location and transmitting the information via Ethernet to another location where the hologram is printed with the quasi-real-time dynamic 3D display. Further improvements could bring applications in telemedicine, prototyping, advertising, updatable 3D maps and entertainment.     

Fe:LiNbO3晶体角度复用全息实验研究

研究了以掺铁铌酸锂(Fe∶LiNbO_3)晶体为记录介质的光折变体的全息记录和读出特性.搭建了角度复用光折变体全息记录的实验光路,记录了光折变全息图.实验研究了Fe∶LiNbO_3晶体的响应灵敏度,测量了光折变体全息记录和读出的衍射效率,测量了最小角度复用间隔,实验结果有助于评估和优化角度复用全息图的容量.     

Near-infrared sensitivity enhancement of photorefractive polymer composites by pre-illumination

Among the various applications for reversible holographic storage media, a particularly interesting one is time-gated holographic imaging (TGHI). This technique could provide a noninvasive medical diagnosis tool, related to optical coherence tomography. In this technique, biological samples are illuminated within their transparency window with near-infrared light, and information about subsurface features is obtained by a detection method that distinguishes between reflected photons originating from a certain depth and those scattered from various depths. Such an application requires reversible holographic storage media with very high sensitivity in the near-infrared. Photorefractive materials, in particular certain amorphous organic systems, are in principle promising candidate media, but their sensitivity has so far been too low, mainly owing to their long response times in the near-infrared. Here we introduce an organic photorefractive material -- a composite based on the poly(arylene vinylene) copolymer TPD-PPV -- that exhibits favourable near-infrared characteristics. We show that pre-illumination of this material at a shorter wavelength before holographic recording improves the response time by a factor of 40. This process was found to be reversible. We demonstrate multiple holographic recording with this technique at video rate under practical conditions.     

三维光场的计算全息设计与再现研究

三维全息成像是利用全息术在空间形成立体图像的技术。一个三维物体,可以沿光轴方向分为一系列二维断层图像的组合。利用高效、快速的三维Gerchberg-Saxton算法,生成位相型傅里叶计算全息图,并加载在液晶空间光调制器上,理想地重构出高质量的三维光场,实验结果表明,图像清晰连贯,对比度高,噪声小。该技术在医学、军事、三维显示、微加工以及显微技术等领域有重要应用价值。     

Holography in artificial neural networks

The dense interconnections that characterize neural networks are most readily implemented using optical signal processing. Optoelectronic 'neurons' fabricated from semiconducting materials can be connected by holographic images recorded in photorefractive crystals. Processes such as learning can be demonstrated using holographic optical neural networks.     

双掺杂LiNbO3晶体光折变效应图像存储特性

研究了系列双掺杂(Ce：Fe，Mn：Fe，Ce：Mn)以及不同后处理态(生长态、还原态和氧化态)铌酸锂晶体的透过率光谱和光折变全息存储特性．实验结果表明高掺杂铌酸锂样品的透过率光谱范围较窄；氧化态样品具有较大的透过率光谱范围；还原态样品具有较大的光折变二波耦合增益特性．难于同时获得大的波耦合增益和图像存储质量．     

基于集成成像的增强现实三维显示技术

 分析了现有增强现实器件的不足，介绍了集成成像三维显示技术的原理和特点，盘点了以集成成像三维显示为核心的光学透视式增强现实器件和系统，介绍了这些器件和系统的原理，并分析了离轴光学技术、自由曲面技术、全息光学元件技术、双4f系统各技术的特点。     

Diffraction property of photorefractive volume grating in Ce:KNSBN for ordinarily polarized reading beam

The diffraction efficiency of volume grating written by two wave mixing in Ce:KNSBN photorefractive crystal versus the writing beam ratio for ordinarily polarized reading beam is experimentally studied. The result is different from that for the extraordinarily polarized reading beam. Then the modified coupled-wave theory is used to fit the experimental data. The theoretical results are coincident with the experimental data quite well. This research gives a significant support to the applications of Ce:KNSBN crystal in holographic recording and optical information processing.     

全息术的新进展

近年来，全息术在制造方法和应用领域取得了一系列突破性进展，使得全息术重新成为世界各国关注的一个研究热点．在简要回顾半个世纪全息术发展历史的基础上，重点介绍了近十多年来全息术领域中比较有影响的研究成果，展望了全息术的未来发展方向．     

三维光数据存储技术

不断提高存储介质的存储容量和存储密度是信息科学的研究热点之一,在三维空间中进行数据存储将大幅度提高存储密度和存储容量,是实现超高密度光存储的有效方法。介绍了双光子吸收光存储、光谱烧孔光存储、激光全息存储和透明介质的飞秒脉冲体存储等三维光存储的进展、数据存储的原理以及各种存储方法有待解决的问题。     

多光楔板制作大面积光折变光子微结构

提出了一种制作大面积光子微结构的简便方法,利用多光楔板产生大面积的多光束干涉,在光折变晶体中制作出了大面积的周期性光子微结构和准周期性的光子准晶微结构。该方法简便易行,系统稳定性好,无须复杂的调节装置,制作效率高。使用导波强度图像、远场衍射图样、布里渊区光谱成像等方法对制作的大面积光子微结构进行了验证和分析。设计不同的多光楔板,可以制作出多种更复杂的大面积光子微结构。通过适当的处理,制作的大面积光子微结构可以长久地固定在光折变晶体中,也可以擦除后用于制作新的结构,这在集成光学和微纳光子器件领域具有良好的应用前景。     

三维超声成像的新技术及发展趋势

三维超声成像是利用超声检测原理无损地显示人体内部形态结构的三维体积成像技术，具有操作安全、使用灵活、形象直观、信息量大以及应用前景广阔等优点，近年来得到较快发展。本文从三维数据的采集技术、三维成像的图象处理技术、三维图象显示技术、专用三维成像处理系统以及其它创新方面分析了三维超声成像的新技术及发展趋势。     

The Effect of Oxidation／Reduction Disposing on Optical Properties of Mg： Fe： Mn： LiNbO3 Crystals

The congruent tri-doped Mg: Mn: Fe: LiNbO3 crystal has been grown by Czochralski method. Some crystal samples are reduced in Li2CO3 powder at 500℃ for 24 hours or oxidized for 10 hours at 1100 ℃ in Nb2O5 powder. Compared with As-grown Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3, the absorption edge in UV-Vis. absorption spectrum of the oxidized sample and the reduced shifts to the violet and the red, respectively. Reduction increases the absorption of crystals in visible light region. In two-wave coupling experiments, the writing time, maximum diffraction efficiency and the erasure time of crystal samples in the same conditions are determined. The results indicate that oxidation and reduction disposing has great effect on the holographic recording properties of these crystals. The reduced crystal exhibits the fastest response time of 160 s anmng the crystal series. The mechanism of post-disposing effect on the holographic recording properties of Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals are investigated.     

光轴外扩式布置的双目相机图像立体校正

摘要： 针对宽视野光轴外扩式布置双目图像采集和显示系统的图像立体校正问题,利用三维重建误差,提出了一种基于双目图像视差特性的立体校正方法.在分析光轴外扩式布置双目相机图像视差特性的基础上,针对相机光心与显示投影中心间的位置误差和相机光轴与显示视轴间的角度误差,建立图像仿射变换、水平视差畸变和垂直视差的校正函数,利用一组空间采样点的三维重投影误差作为目标函数通过优化方法求解校正参数.仿真实验表明：在视轴外扩夹角为30°时,本方法可以有效地消除光心位置误差和光轴角度误差对图像视差造成的影响.真实图像校正实验表明：校正后的图像水平畸变小,在显示宽视野双目图像时,能保持正确的三维立体感.
关键词：中图分类号：文献标志码： A     

计算机辅助合成三维动态彩色全息图设计

本文提出一种合成三维动态全彩色全息图的编码设计方案,利用数字技术借助空间光调制器将光学图像输入全息记录系统,以实现快速、精确的空间编码,从而可在技术上保证三维动态全彩色全息图的成功合成.文中阐述了该编码技术的原理,给出了关键参数的计算方法,以及利用计算机辅助合成该种全息图的操作步骤.本文提出的方案有利于自动化生产.     

一步拷贝法二维真彩色全息图

介绍一种只用单波长激光作一步拷贝记录来拍摄二维真彩色全息图的方法．本方法比起其它方法具有记录过程简单及成本低的优点，而且重现的全息图像比用其它方法制作的全息图像清晰明亮得多．     

基于有限衍射波的合成孔径三维超声成像

现有的三维(3D)超声成像由于受到二维(2D)传感器工艺复杂和传统聚焦成像中声波传播时间的限制,成像系统帧率和分辨率都比较低.为此提出了基于有限衍射波的合成孔径成像方法,该方法使用一维(1D)传感器发射有限衍射波声场,采用合成孔径技术对整个目标区域回波信号综合处理,利用Fourier变换进行成像.计算机仿真结果表明,该方法可以用来成像.在当前成像方法中,该方法可以同时获得较高的帧率和分辨率,并且降低了对传感器的要求,具有较大的发展应用空间.     

自由立体显示器的效果评定方法

自由立体显示器使用特殊的光学元件使左、右眼的视图产生空间分离,在显示器前方形成相互间隔的独立视区,视图分离的程度决定了场景能否进行立体合成。文章对独立视区的位置进行精确计算并得出分布示意图;提出使用“立体度”作为立体显示器视图分离的度量参数;并讨论了测试和计算方法,完成对自由立体显示器效果的测量和评定。     

数字全息三维轮廓生成方法的研究

依据数字全息的光场分布公式，对数字全息三维轮廓生成的原理进行理论分析，推导出了不同的数字全息轮廓生成方法的分辨率公式，并进行计算机模拟验证．该方法克服了光学全息三维轮廓生成的困难，并且可以直接得到数值化的结果，是一种对微小物体三维形貌进行快速、高精度测量的方法．     

三维集成图像技术及其在发展三维电视上的应用

集成图像技术是一种通过微透镜阵列来记录和显示全真的三维场景的三维图像技术。在众多三维图像技术中，这一技术十分有前景应用于三维电视的研制和开发中。本文对集成图像系统及它在三维电视工业中的应用给予了详细的描述。