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1.
Conclusions  
1.  The high-temperature pyrolysis reaction of cellulose and organic matter have an optimal reaction condition: 95°C, 4–14 mg cellulose, and 15–30 min.
2.  Under the optimal condition, the formed CO or CO2, and the sample have the same λ18O value. It is unnecessary to recover oxygen from CO.
3.  The data are accurate and reliable, and the operation method is simple and economic.
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2.
Conclusions  
(1)  The newly developed nanocrystalline Fe72 Cu1Nb2V2Sil4 B9 and Fe72Cu1NblMo1-V2Si14B9 alloy still show the superior synthetical magnetic properties quite comparable with those of the early developed and typical Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B alloys. Their cost has been reduced, the ductility of their amorphous ribbons is much better than that of Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B alloys, and their ribbons can be folded back without brittleness.
(2)  In the range off = 20–2000 kHz and Bm = 0.05-0.6 T, the dependences of core loss on frequency and amplitude flux density can be expressed asPoc B2 mfn,n = 1.6-1.7.
(3)  In the range of f= 20–2000 kHz and (B m f) = (15−30) × 103 T·Hz, the approximate expression 1nP = [a(Bm,f) +b] (lnf)-n is tenable, wheren =0.2-0.3, and botha andb are constant.
(4)  The newly developed nanocrystalline alloys have been used in switching mode power supply with larger output power, unipolarity pulse transformer and precision current mutual inductor and clearly shown advantage.
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3.
Conclusions  
(1)  Based on strict kinetics of chemical reactions, MCT-GC method can provide detailed information for generation of organic components. Through computer, we can obtain the yield of the total hydrocarbon or individual component for any geological period under given gmlogical conditions by combining MCT-GC data with geological perameters, and apply them to basin modeling, petroleum prediction, and so on.
(2)  n-Alkanes with high molecular weights were generated very early due to their low activation energies, e. g. fig. 3 shows that almost 98% of C24 has been generated within 20 Ma, while only 1% of C12 was generated.
(3)  Because equipment condition was limited, kinetics of methane, which is one of the most important component in petroleum exploration, is not discussed in this note. Our further work will focus on kinetics of methane through a modified MCT-GC set.
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4.
The characterization ofA 5 is obtained through the method of calculation. The main result is described as the following:
1)  The order ofA 5 is one, two, three or five.
2)  The element ofA 5 is divided into five conjugate classes.
3)  There are fifty and nine subgroup inA 5 and we can obtain one produce element in every subgroup.
4)  There are nine conjugate classes in the subgroup ofA 5.
Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province Huang Benwen: born in Oct. 1948, Associate professor  相似文献   

5.
Conclusion  
1  The dispersion capacity of MoO3 supported on CeO2 is 0.81 rnmo1/100 m2. For samples with MoO3 content is below the dispersion capacity, Mo6+ ions exist in the surface vacancies to form the surface Mo species, and the highly dispersed Mo6+ cations are coordinated by 7 oxygen ions based on the assumption that the CeO2(111) plane is preferentially exposed.
2  The differences of the dispersions between MoO3 on CeO2 and MoO3on ZnO-modified CeO2 indicate that the surface vacancies play an important role in the dispersion of MoO3.
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6.
Conclusions  
1.  The eclogite dikes in low-greenschist facies epi-metamorphic volcaniclastic rocks in the Dabie Mountains areas show magma origin rather than tectonic melange or metamorphic origin.
2.  Coesite and quartz pseudomorphs in the eclogite show that they were formed at the pressure of over 2.8 GPa and belong to ultrahigh pressure type. Therefore, there were high-pressure eclogite magma at deep crust depth.
3.  From the country rock age of the low-grade metamorphic volcaniclastic rocks, we infer that the eclogite dikes were formed after the Sinian.
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7.
Conclusions  The results we obtained in the present investigations can be summarized as follows.
1.  The sample is magnetically heterogeneous. Above Tc, the PM phase is dominant in the alloy. But in this temperature range, the M-Ba plot is still curved andthe external field dependence of the internal field was also observed in the in-field M?ssbauer measurements. It implies that there are magnetically coupled clusters in the sample. These clusters may behave superparamagnetically in the alloy. So they did not cause the change of the line width of the M?ssbauer spectra without external field. The magnetic moments of the clusters can be polarized by external field, which causes the curvature of M-Ba plot and the external field dependence of the internal field.
2.  Below Tc, some PM phase persists down to 50 K at least. The clusters with very low Tc or even coupled antiferromagnetically at low temperatures are responsible for the PM phase in this temperature range.
3.  At 50 K, the FM phase is dominant whereas some magnetic moments are coupled antiferromagnetically in the alloy.
4.  At a freezing temperature of about 25 K, the re-entrant spin glass behavior can be observed in the alloy.
It can be concluded that the short-range chemical order plays a dominant role in this kind of magnetic order in this alloy. Our results are favorable for the first picture given above which explains the mechanism of re-entrant spin glass behavior.  相似文献   

8.
Conclusions  
1.  It is a successful attempt to test and study O-Si stable isotopic composition of SiO2 shells of radiolarian of sediment core below the depth of 5 000 m in the Pacific Ocean because of lacking of calcium shells below CCD in ocean. The distribution and variation, from 21.2 X 10−3 to 34.5 × 10−3 for δ18OSMOW and from 0.2 × 10−3 to 1.2 × 10−3 for δ30SiNBS-28, have certain link with and difference from those of other oceanic organisms.
2.  The relationship between δ18O and δ30Si values indicates obviously that the humeric distribution of core samples from No. 1787 station shows two groups separated by the depth of 160 cm. This distribution is also recorded by two kinds of isotopic curves (fig. 2(a), (b)), reflecting the evolutional difference of oceanic environment and stratigraphic sequence between the upper and lower layers separated by the depth of 160 cm.
3.  Through a correlation of δ18O values, the core from No. 1787 station shows that since 27 Ma, the Pacific Ocean has experienced 7 cold/warm changes, accompanied by the frequent variations of global ice volume and sea level.
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9.
Conclusions  
1.  Topologic analysis of representative Devonian graphoglyptids of China shows that a huge graphoglyptid clan can be grouped into three kinds of topologic configurations homeomorphic to line, tree and network, which correspond to foraging, probing feeding and the catching and feeding of constructing and inhabiting in anoxic, suboxic and dysoxic2) deep-water environments respectively.
2.  It is well known that, in paleoecology and paleontology, morphologic features are bases of functional morphologic analysis of body and trace fossils, but, the features are not only Euclidean geometric, but also topologic and fractal geometric. In terms of the topologic graphoglyptids homeomorphic to line, tree and network, the functional morphologic analysis based on topologic configuration can reveal trace producer’ s ethology and ecological function mysteries contained in trace fossils from new aspects.
3.  A functional topologic morphologic analysis first can get rid of interference of original biogenic traces to be subjected to compacting, diagenesis and deformation. In addition, it can simplify existing classification and naming system of ichnology, enrich and develop the theory and methodology of a functional morphologic analysis.
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10.
Conclusions  
1)  Using conventional deposition techniques of heating or e-beam evaporation, the effect of the substrate’s temperature cannot be neglected. If the substrate temperature is not uniform, the uniformity of the film thickness and the film’s composition may change. But with magnetron sputtering deposition, the effect of the substrate temperature is almost absent.
2)  It is known that various of evaporation depositions, such as ion sputtering deposition and other physical vapor depositions can hardly be used to prepare large-area uniform films. At present, magnetron sputtering deposition is the best preparation method of large-area uniform films.
3)  With the quartz crystal monitor of film thickness and suitably designed film structures, films of less than 0.2% reflectivity in visible region can be obtained.
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11.
Conclusions  
1.  Over the past 8 000 years, notable changes in moist regime and temperature took place in Caohai District. The peat archives in this area recorded some hemispheric climatic events, such as three new ice ages and the Medieval Warm Period occurring in the northern hemisphere. This indicates that this area is sensitive to global changes.
2.  Over the past 8 000 years, Caohai District is typical of the warm-moist—cool-dry climate.
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12.
Pulsed laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence (LP-LIF) is utilized to measure rate constants for C2(a3Πu) reactions with NO, N2O, O2, H2 and NH3. Multiphoton dissociation of C2Cl4 at 266 nm is employed for the generation of C2(a3Πu) radicals. The C2(a3Πu) concentration is monitored by the fluorescence of the (0, 0) band of the (d3Πg&#8596;a3Πu) transition at 516.5 nm. C2(a3Πu) removal rate constants for the reactions are determined as kNO = (5.46 ± 0.10) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 , kN2O = (1.63 ± 0.20) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 , kN2O = (1.58 ± 0.16) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, kO2 = (5.92 ± 1.00) × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, kH2< 1.0× 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Based on the data analysis and theoretical calculation, we suggest that the C2(a3Πu) reactions with H2 and NH3 proceed via the hydrogen abstraction mechanism, barriers exist at the entrance channel of the reactions of C2(a3Πu) with H2 and NH3.  相似文献   

13.
Using the solubility method, the solubility of CuCl2 in liquid-undersaturated HCl-bearing water vapor was investigated experimentally at temperatures of 330-370 ℃ and pressures of 4.2-10 MPa. The re-sults have shown that hydration could significantly enhance copper solubility and the concentrations of copper were positively correlated with PH2O. The solubility of copper in vapor phase increased with increasing PH2O at the constant temperature. CuCl2 was transported as hydrated species CuCl2(H2O)ngas in water vapor. The formation of complexes is proposed to be the result of the following reaction: CuCl2solid nH2Ogas = CuCl2 (H2O)ngas The hydration number n decreased slightly with increasing temperature. Statistical hydration numbers are 4.0, 3.6 and 3.3 at 330, 350 and 370 ℃ , respectively.  相似文献   

14.
After choosing weight functions suitably, we define a Banach spaceH ω μ (L) and discuss the generalized inverse of singular integral operators on an open arc. Using the generalized inverse, we obtain the solutions for the following singular integral equation
Hence, we extend and unify the method of solution for characteristic equations with Cauchy kernel and Hilbert kernel. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 201980633). Biography: Li Hong-yan(1971-), female, Master, research interest: singular integral equations.  相似文献   

15.
Density functional theory （DFT） study of reaction between vanadium trioxide cluster cation （VO3^＋） and ethylene （C2H4） to yield VO2^＋ ＋ CH3CHO （acetaldehyde） and VO2CH2^＋ ＋ HCHO （formaldehyde） is carried out. Structures of all reactants, products, intermediates, and transition state in the reaction have been optimized and characterized. The results show unexpected barriers in the reaction due to the existence of a η^2-O2 moiety in the ground state structure of VO3^＋. The initial reaction steps combining ethylene adsorption, C=C activation and O-O cleavage are proposed as rate limiting processes. Comparison of reactions of VO3^＋ ＋ C2H4 with VO3 ＋ C2H4 and VO2^＋ ＋ C2H4 in the previous studies is made in detail. The results of this work may shed light on the understanding of C=C bond cleavage in related heterogeneous catalysis.  相似文献   

16.
In the paper, we study the gracefulness of several unconnected graphs related to wheel. For natural number p ≥1,t ≥1, let n =2t +3, 2t +4, which proved W_n∪K_(p,t)~(1)∪K_(p,t)~(2) is graceful; for p ≥1, t ≥1,let n=2t+3,2t+4, then W_(n,2n+1)∪K_(p,t)~(1)∪K_(p,t)~(2) is graceful and for m≥1,r ≥1, let n =2m +5, W_(n,2n+1) ∪( C_3∨K m) U St( r)is graceful.  相似文献   

17.
Zhao  Fugeng  Shu  Huairui 《科学通报(英文版)》2002,47(14):1187-1191
With 200 mmol/L NaCl treatment on barley cultivar “Jian 4” (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. J4) seedlings for 6 d, the contents of covalently and noncovalently conjugated polyamines (PAs) and activities of H+-ATPase in plasma membrane (PM) vesicles isolated from the roots decreased remarkably. Moreover, the activity of Na+/H+ antiport was detected first in PM vesicles. The results showed that the decrease in the contents of membrane phospholipid, noncovalently conjugated PAs and activity of H+-ATPase caused by NaCl could be restored partially by application of 1 mmol/L stearie acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2), and C18:2 was more effective than C16:0 In addition, a reduction in the contents of covalently conjugated PAs was only reversed partially in the presence of C18:2 Furthermore, Na+/H+ antiport activity was strengthened by exogenous C16:0 and C18:2 and C18:2 was more effective than C16:0. The correlative analysis suggested that, after application of C16:0 and C18:2 under salt stress, there was a significant positive correlation existing among phospholipid content, noncovalently conjugated PA levels, H+-ATPase activities and Na+/H+ antiport activities, indicating that one of the mitigative mechanisms of exogenous fatty acids on salt injury was to improve membrane phospholipid and PA contents, leading to an enhance in membrane integrity and a change in charge status of PM vesicles, so the activity of membrane-associated enzyme H+-ATPase was increased and synthesis of Na+/H+ antiport protein was activated.  相似文献   

18.
In this paper, the oxidative degradation of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) using Mn2+/H2O2 reagent under UV irradiation was studied. The results show that 2, 4-D was degraded more completely in Mn2+/H2O2 solution than traditional Fenton solutions. The effects of the concentration of Mn2+, H2O2 and pH were also investigated. And under the optimal condition of 1.48×10−4 mol/L, 8.99×10−5 mol/L and pH 3.38, the formation of ·OH was the most, both the decomposition rate of H2O2 and the degradation rate of 2, 4-D were the fastest. In addition, the photoreaction process was monitored using spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and the results indicated that the oxidative process was predominated mainly by the hydroxyl radical (·OH) gennerated in the system. Biography: HUANG Yingping (1964–), Professor, Ph. D., research direction: pollution ecology and water pollution control.  相似文献   

19.
0 IntroductionLeqtuiliHnebaer afo rHimlbaenrtd sap baoceun.dLeedtlianaenardfufnbceti oan baolu onndeHd ,serse--spectively. Our goal is to seekv∈Hsuchthata(u,v) =f(u) , u∈ H (1)As a rule, we call the expression (1) a variational equationandva solutiontothis equation.By virtue of the Riesz repre-sentationtheorem,there exists a uniquely determined boundedlinear operatorA:H→Hsuchthata(u,v) =〈u,Av〉, u,v∈ H,where〈·,·〉is the inner product onH.If the sesquilinearformais also with posit…  相似文献   

20.
We consider the following non-linear elliptic equation △u＋ f（x,u）=0,x∈K on fractal domains with zero-Dirichlet boundary conditions, where K is self-similar fractal, △ is the Laplacian defined on K. f（x, t） is asymptotically linear as t→ ∞. We get the non-trivial and non-negative solution by using Mountain Pass lemma.  相似文献   

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