纯棉针织物的秦皮天然染料染色

以水为提取剂从中药秦皮中提取天然染料对纯棉针织物进行染色,研究不同媒染方式以及染料质量浓度、染浴pH值、染色温度及时间、媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量等后媒法染色工艺对纯棉针织物染色效果的影响.结果表明,后媒法染色效果最好,秦皮天然染料对纯棉针织物的后媒染染色最佳工艺为：秦皮天然染料质量浓度12g/L,染液pH 4,染色温度90℃,染色时间60min,媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量5g/L.织物经后媒染染色后得色均匀,各项色牢度较好.     

含苯并三唑基团抗紫外辐射活性染料合成与应用性能研究

以2-(2-羟基-5-磺酸基苯基)-5-氨基-2H-苯并三唑基团为封闭基,对位酯或磺化对位酯为重氮组分,合成了黄、橙、红和蓝色4只M型活性染料,并用质谱对其结构进行了表征.用合成的染料对棉纤维染色,测定了染料的上染率和固色率,发现黄色染料的染色性能较差.与未染色的棉纤维相比,染色后棉纤维的紫外线透过率大大降低.未染色纤维的UPF值为1.3,经过黄、橙、红和蓝色染料染色的棉纤维的UPF值分别为5.9、13.7、18.8、17.5,除黄色外都达到了很好的抗紫外线效果.通过对比也发现深色织物的抗紫外线效果比浅色的好.     

棉梭织面料潮态免烫整理工艺研究

采用免烫整理树脂KNITTEX FA CONC在低温条件下对棉梭织面料进行潮交联,通过对织物残留含潮率、催化剂用量、树脂用量、堆置反应时间、工作液pH值的研究,确定了免烫树脂整理棉梭织面料的最优工艺参数:织物残留含潮率7%,催化剂用量130g/L,树脂用量200g/L,堆置反应时间应在16h,pH值控制在2.0左右.相对于干态交联,经该整理工艺处理的棉梭织面料抗皱免烫效果好,甲醛含量符合国家相关法令.     

色媒体改性棉织物用酸性染料染色的工艺探讨

用色媒体对棉织物进行阳离子改性处理,探讨了酸性染料对其染色的工艺条件.研究表明,经色媒体改性的棉织物,在无盐条件下,80℃用酸性染料染色25 min之后,上染率和固色率可分别达到97%和95%以上,得色量远高于未改性的棉织物,但其色光偏红、偏蓝,且湿摩擦牢度比未改性棉低.     

Application of Acid Dyestuffs with Different Molecule Structure in Combined Dyeing and Finishing of Cotton Fabric

Simultaneous dyeing and durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with acid dyes bearing the different molecule structure and durable press finishing agent （DP agent abbr. ） based on modified DMDHEU were investigated by using the pad-dry-cure process. Some factors affecting the process, such as structure of acid dyes, DP agent, catalysts and curing temperature were discussed. The dyed and finished fabrics were evaluated with respect to color strength, fixation, crease recovery angle, breaking strength and fastness properties. The results indicate that structure of acid dyes has a striking effect on the color strength of dyed and finished cotton fabric. The color strength and dry crease recovery angle of dyed and finished cotton fabric increases, whereas breaking strength decreases with increasing concentration of DP agent. It is necessary for ammonium nitrate to serve as catalyst. It is found that relatively satisfactory properties of dyed and finished cotton fabric can be obtained with appropriate adjustment of treating conditions.     

Measurement of the Average Molecular Weight of Cotton Cellulose Crosslinked by a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH Using Multiple Angle Light Scattering Photometer in a DMAc/LiCl Solvent System

Durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with polycarboxylic acid increases fabric wrinkle-resistance at the expense of its mechanical strength. Severe tensile strength loss is the major disadvantage for wrinkle resistant cotton fabrics. Tensile strength loss of cotton fabric crosslinked by a polycarboxylic acid can be attributed to depolymerization and crosslink of cellulose molecules. Measurement of the molecular weight of cotton fabric before and after crosslinked by polycarboxylic acids can offer a possibility of direct understanding of the depolymerization. In this research, a multiple angle laser light scattering photometer was used to determine the absolute molecular weight of cotton fabric treated with BTCA at different pH and then hydrolyzed with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h. The results indicate that average molecular weights of cotton fabric treated with polycarboxylic acids at different pH are almost the same.     

Molecular Weight Distributions of Cotton Cellulose Treated with a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH

In last paper, the average molecular weight of a control cotton fabric and cotton fabrics treated with the polycarboxylic acid at different pH were measured. The result doesn‘t support the hypothesis that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depolymerization of the finished cotton fabric. In order to understand more about it, the molecular weight distributions of the control and finished cotton fabrics were measured and the reason was fund. From the ratio and the molecular weight of the low molecular part one can see that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depelymerization of the f‘mished cotton fabrics. The phenomenon that the average molecular weights of the cotton fabric crosslinked with BTCA at different pH are almost same is attributed to that the crosslinks are not broken completely when treated with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h.     

棉针织物硫化染料练染一浴两步法

研究了棉针织物硫化染料染色的工艺参数及其对染品染色深度、染色牢度等的影响,确定了棉针织物硫化染料练染一浴两步法适宜的染色工艺.实验表明:新工艺除染色深度稍低外,染品在皂洗牢度,干、湿摩擦牢度等方面均能达到两浴两步法的水平.     

反应型水性聚氨酯固色剂的固色工艺研究

使用自制的反应型水性聚氨酯固色剂,用浸轧法对活性染料染色后的纯棉织物进行了固色整理.通过选用不同的固色剂用量、焙烘温度、焙烘时间、轧液率,探讨了影响该反应型水性聚氨酯固色剂固色效果的因素,得到了最佳的固色工艺,即二浸二轧(固色剂用量为80g/L,整理液pH控制在6～7,轧液率80%)→烘干→焙烘(150℃×3min).该固色剂能明显提高染色织物的耐摩擦色牢度和耐水洗色牢度,其固色效果与市售固色剂基本相当,且不影响染色织物的色光.     

糜蛋白酶预处理羊毛的低温染色性能

用正交试验法研究了糜蛋白酶对羊毛纤维的预处理情况,再用染料酸性大红BS在较低温度下对预处理后的羊毛进行染色,测定了羊毛的上染率、表观色深值、断裂强力等性能。实验结果表明：在糜蛋白酶用量为2％（owf）、pH值为7、温度为40℃、时间为60min的预处理条件下,酸性大红BS在80℃下染羊毛的上染率达到95．1％,色深值（K／S）达到15．05,强力下降率只有5．78％,与常规染色工艺条件下的染色性能相比,上染率和色深值均有提高,而纤维强力损失较小。     

Fabrication of cotton nano-powder and its textile application

A combination of chemical and mechanical treatment of cotton produced cotton powder （fibrils） with a mean diameter of 97 nm is analyzed by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. Transmission Electron Micro- scope （TEM） study showed that the diameter of the fibrils was about 10--30 nm and the length was from 70nm to over 400 nm. The powder was then coated onto fabrics （100% polyester fabric, 100% wool fabric and 100% cotton fabric）. Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） study showed that cotton fibrils were adhered to the surface of treated fabrics （fibers）. The ultraviolet protection factor （UPF） value （AS/NZS 4399： 1996） for cotton fabrics increased about 20% after the treatment. This implies that the treated samples give a better protection from UV light. The moisture management test （MMT） of the fabrics such as wetting time at bottom, top maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum wetted radius and bottom spreading speed, et ah, showed that there were significant changes after the treatment. These changes gave better moisture management ability to the treated fabrics and thus made the fabric more comfortable. However, Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction and Fourie Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis proved that supermolecular structure and chemical struc- ture of treated fabrics were the same as the original fabrics. Other properties of the treated fabric such as thermal conductivity, wrinkle recovery, hand, et al., did not change. This implied that the basic func- tion of the treated fabrics for the clothing industry was the same as untreated fabrics. This study is a foundation for further researches on textile application.     

Performance of a Pectinase from Bacillus Subtilis WSHB04 - 02 Used in Bioscouring of Cotton Fabrics

A pectinase produced by Bacillus subtilis WSHB04-02 isolated from soil with lyase activity operating at alkaline pH was studied. The MichaelisMenten kinetic parameters of this newly isolated pectinase on different substrates, such as citrus pectin and polygalacturonic acid （PGA）, were determined, and pectin proved to be the most suitable substrate. The effects of temperature and pH on pectinase activity and stability were also investigated. The optimal temperature for pectinase was 55℃ with a stable range of 45℃- 55℃. In general, pectinase was pH insensitive and the stable pH ranged from 8.6 to 10.0. Ultimately the bioscouring effects of cotton fabrics using this pectinase were evaluated and some promising results were obtained.     

具有超高固色效应的多胺型交联染料合成及应用研究

合成了吡唑啉酮单偶氮黄色和1,4-二氨基蒽醌系蓝色四乙烯五胺型交联染料,利用分子链上剩余氨基的高反应性及同一分子链上存在多个可反应基团的优点,通过交联染色和固色实现染料在纤维上的超高固色率,实现染色的绿色化.用浸染和轧染的染色方法将交联染料应用于丝绸和棉纤维染色,然后用硫酸酯乙基砜型交联剂,两浸两轧、焙烘固色染色纤维.研究结果表明在pH为4时该两只染料竭染率最高,并且用交联剂固色后交联率均大于98%,染色纤维具有较好的日晒牢度、摩擦色牢度和水洗色牢度.     

柔软剂对染后棉织物品质的影响

柔软剂可以改变染色织物的色光和牢度．棉织物先经非离子净洗剂煮练，然后用4种不同结构的硫化染料染色，染色后织物再分别经阴离子、阳离子、非离子及有机硅类柔软剂整理．结果表明：非离子型及有机硅类柔软剂改变所有染色样品的亮度L^＊．除了黄色样品的各项颜色参数有所增加外，阴离子、阳离子型和其他样品改变较少．K／S值的加权函数以在经有机硅类柔软剂整理后有大幅度增加．水洗牢度方面，蓝色样品有所减少。其他样品没有改变，所有样品的耐光牢度经柔软处理后均下降．     

纯棉织物电化学前处理技术探讨

采用不锈铜丝网阳极氧化并制备PbO2（二氧化铅）电极,电流密度在10mA·cm^-2时获得的较好的PbO2沉积情况。采用三电极体系研究了该不锈钢基PbO2电极应用于纯棉织物前处理工艺,发现该前处理工艺是可行的,可以有效缩短棉织物前处理加工时间,提高生产效率。正交试验得出棉织物前处理最佳工艺条件为无水硫酸钠0．1mol·L^-1,阳极电流密度80mA·cm^-2．氢氧化钠6g·L^-1,20℃处理45min。与传统的前处理工艺相比,电化学法处理后织物的白度稍低,但是断裂强力更高。     

Composition and Properties of Thermo-regulated Non-woven Fabrics

A series of non-woven fabrics were fabricated by blending S0- 80wt% of thennoregulated fibres containing n-elcosane, n-nonadecane or n-octadecane with 0 - 40wt% PET fibres and 0- 20wt% PP fibres. The phase change properties, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, heat flux and inner temperature difference between wool felt and the thermoregulated non-woven fabrics of the non-woven fabrics were measured respectively. The thereto-regulated non-woven fabrics absorb heat at 25- 34℃ and release heat at 10- 25℃. The measured highest enthalpy of the non-woven is approximately 18J/g. During a heating process, heat flux of the non-woven fabrics is composed of three parts, heat absorbed by the cold textile touching the hot plate, heat transmitted from the hot plate to the cold plate, and the heat absorbed by PCM from the hot plate during the phase change process. The measured maximum inner temperature difference in a temperature rising process between the wool felt and the thermo-regulated non-woven fabric is approximately 8℃. The inner temperature difference （Tr-Ts〉0） lasts 16 - 45 min By contrary, the measured maximum inner temperature difference in the temperature decreasing process is approximately - 6. 5℃. The inner temperature difference （Tr-Ts〈0） lasts 16 - 50 min, The temperature regulation properties are obviously observed.     

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.     

棉织物的抗菌整理

利用壳聚糖对棉织物进行整理来赋予织物抗菌活性.研究不同浓度、分子量和脱乙酰度的壳聚糖对大肠杆菌和枯草杆菌抗菌性能的影响.采用改良的Quinn方法来测定棉织物的抗菌率,为了使壳聚糖牢固地固着在棉织物上,选用戊二醛作交联剂,整理后的棉织物具有优异的抗菌性.     

Cellulase Activities and Finishing Effects on Cotton Fabrics

The relationships between cellulase activities and theproperties of treated labrics including weight loss,breaking strength,surface thickness and bending rigiditywere investigated.Three cellulases were used to treattwo kinds of cotton fabrics and the results were com-pared to their activities measured towards filter paper,CMC and dewaxed cotton.The results suggested thatamong the three activities,exo activity(measured to-wards dewaxed cotton)be mostly inclined to reflect theactual hydrolytic capability of the cellulase on cotton fab-rics,while endo activity(measured towards CMC)wasof little use in predicting cellulase efflciency in terms ofweight loss.The investigation also suggested that the rel-atively endo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft Plus)was inclinedto give biopolishing effects by cleaning the surface fibrilof fabrics while the exo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft L,alsoknown as total or full cellulase)tended to deliver soften-ing cffects by decreasing the bending and shearing prop-erties.     

稀土MOF改性棉织物的制备及荧光性能

基于水溶液的层层自组装方法,在棉织物表面以不同芳香酸和稀土阳离子为原料制备稀土金属有机骨(rare earth metal-organic framework,REMOF)材料,得到一系列REMOF改性棉织物。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、荧光光谱分析(PL)以及紫外吸收光谱(UV-vis)对REMOF改性棉织物进行表征分析。荧光强度对比结果表明,当以1,4对苯二甲酸或1,3,5均苯三甲酸为配体时,在324 nm波长激发下改性棉织物于617 nm处出现Eu 3+的特征红色荧光。所有改性棉织物的UPF(ultraviolet protection factor)值均为50^+,T(UV-A)和T(UV-B)值均小于5%,表明改性棉织物具有优良的抗紫外性能。