白腐菌对焦化废水中吲哚的降解及其机理

选用白腐菌BP降解吲哚,研究了白腐菌在不同培养基中对两种浓度吲哚的降解过程和机理,以及吲哚的降解与白腐菌漆酶酶活、生物量、培养基pH值的关系.结果显示不同培养基中白腐菌可去除99%以上的吲哚;吲哚去除率与白腐菌漆酶活率具有较好的相关性,白腐菌漆酶活率达到最高时,可去除97%以上的吲哚;高浓度吲哚会抑制白腐菌的生长,同时也激发了白腐菌漆酶的产生,秸秆滤出液能促进白腐菌的生长和漆酶活力的增长;白腐菌BP最适pH值为6~7,pH值在5~8之间对吲哚都具有较强的降解能力;在HPLC谱图3~6 min之间出现的新物质可能有氧化吲哚和靛红.     

灵芝固态发酵产漆酶及对秸秆木质素的降解

为探索木质素的生物降解新途径,采用平板显色法从三株白腐真菌中筛选出一株灵芝属漆酶高产菌,以农作物秸秆等为培养基进行固态发酵,该菌主要产漆酶和少量木质素过氧化物酶.在优化条件下,该菌发酵18d,漆酶活力最高达2056U/g干曲.该菌以玉米秸秆、油菜秸秆及稻草作为唯一营养源固态发酵30d,对玉米秸秆的木质素降解率最大,达到23.7%,油菜秸秆也达到了16.2%.     

密孔菌固态发酵农业废弃物产漆酶活性的研究

分别以玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆和杨树木屑为原料,研究了一株密孔菌在发酵不同农业废弃物时漆酶的活性.结果表明,农业废弃物对密孔菌产漆酶具有良好的诱导效果,且以玉米秸秆的效果最佳,漆酶酶活可达40.92 U·mg~(-1).Cu~(2+)的存在或浓度变化显著影响密孔菌产酶,当添加0.02%Cu~(2+)时,菌株在小麦秸秆和木屑培养基上产酶活分别达到41.24 U·mg~(-1)和57.13 U·mg~(-1);当Cu~(2+)浓度为0.04%时,菌株在玉米秸秆培养基上分泌漆酶酶活达到峰值94.92 U·mg~(-1).p H值对密孔菌产漆酶有明显影响,在中酸性环境中菌株产漆酶酶活较高.菌株在小麦秸秆和玉米秸秆培养基上发酵产酶的最适温度较高,分别为35℃和40℃,且在整个发酵周期能维持较高较稳定的酶活水平.因此,密孔菌有很好产漆酶和降解农作物秸秆的能力,可用于农作物秸秆处理.     

白腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus漆酶对蒽醌染料SN4R脱色研究

利用白腐菌Pleurotusostreatus324粗漆酶和纯漆酶进行蒽醌染料SN4R的脱色研究.粗漆酶可使蒽醌染料SN4R脱色,最适脱色pH、温度和漆酶酶活分别为4.0、40℃和30IU/mL,12h染料脱色率为55%.纯漆酶不能使SN4R脱色,但小分子介体物质可介导纯漆酶对染料SN4R的氧化脱色,在最适条件下4h染料脱色率可达80.6%.粗漆酶添加适当浓度的介体物质,可使染料完全脱色.因此,小分子还原介体物质的存在有助于染料废水的降解和脱色.     

白腐菌F8的分离及降解木质素能力研究

从松林土壤中分离得到一株白腐菌F8,经Bavendamn氏显色反应证实其能产生漆酶.在液体培养条件下,该菌株能产生木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶和漆酶.其降解木质素的最佳条件为100 r/min、33℃、pH5.5、接种量5%,在此条件下,木质素降解率达71.98%.     

白腐菌产漆酶的发酵条件研究

漆酶(E.C.1.10.3.2)是一类含铜的氧化还原酶,其可以催化对苯二酚(也叫氢醌)氧化生成对苯醌,也常被称为对苯二酚氧化酶。漆酶一般存在于真菌和植物中,由于具有较高的稳定性和较好的底物专一性,在印染和环境有机毒性化合物的降解、专用生物传感器的构建、以及造纸领域有机废弃物的生物加工利用等方面具有实际工业应用。考察了白腐菌的培养和产漆酶条件,对白腐菌产漆酶的培养条件和培养基进行了优选。结果显示,以小麦皮为碳源,硫酸铵和尿素为氮源,白腐菌生长产酶的适宜培养温度为28℃,pH值为3.5~6.0,培养基的C/N比以20合适。当培养基中添加一定的木质素沉淀物和葡萄糖时对白腐菌液体发酵产漆酶具有明显的促进作用,菌体发酵液中加入10 g/L的葡萄糖、6 g/L木质素时发酵产漆酶的活力达到最大值。     

产漆酶菌株的筛选及产酶条件的优化

以愈创木酚培养基为底物,利用平板筛选法从土壤朽木中筛选能够产漆酶的菌株,通过测定漆酶活力进行复筛,筛选出一株产漆酶活力较高的白腐茵菌株。以漆酶活性为参考指标,确定葵花粉发酵产漆酶条件：发酵培养基中硫酸铵0．025％,初始pH值5．5,接种量8％,装液量50mL,愈创木酚0．10％,培养时间7d。     

白腐菌对秸秆中木质素生物降解的研究

研究了白腐菌及其产生的木质素降解酶系对秸秆的木质素生物降解方法，探讨了黄孢原毛平革菌和杂色云芝单一菌株生物降解及双菌株联合降解木质纤维素的规律，白腐菌双菌联合固态培养可使木质素降解率达到47．64％，脱木素选择性为4．74．采用模拟大规模白腐菌堆积培养（厚度30cm）的方法降解秸秆木质素，培养30d，木素降解率为32．54％，表明此方法是一种可行的大规模生物顸处理方法．     

一株产耐高温漆酶真菌的筛选

从安徽省合肥市西郊的大蜀山上采集了40余株木腐真菌,将其在含有α-萘酚的麸皮汁平板上分离纯化后,根据菌落周围产生紫色氧化圈的显著程度筛选出4株漆酶活性较高的菌株,将这4株真菌进行摇瓶培养,测定并比较它们所产漆酶的活性,得到一株产酶活力最高的菌株SY04.菌株SY04在液体培养3d后粗酶液漆酶活力为330U/mL,在对其漆酶粗酶液进行活性分析后发现,该菌所产漆酶在60℃下保温30min后,活性不受明显影响,其最适反应温度为60℃.该菌所产漆酶具有较高的最适反应温度和热稳定性,具有一定的研究和应用价值.     

自腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus漆酶对蒽醌染料SN4R脱色研究

利用白腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus324粗漆酶和纯漆酶进行蒽醌染料SN4R的脱色研究．粗漆酶可使蒽醌染料SN4R脱色，最适脱色pH、温度和漆酶酶活分别为4．0、40℃和30IU／mL,12h染料脱色率为55％,纯漆酶不能使SN4R脱色，但小分子介体物质可介导纯漆酶对染料SN4R的氧化脱色．在最适条件下4h染料脱色率可达80．6％．粗漆酶添加适当浓度的介体物质，可使染料完全脱色。因此，小分子还原介体物质的存在有助于染料废水的降解和脱色。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that