苯甲酸3-羟基-4-（3-羟基-3-苯基丙烯酰）-苯酯合锌（Ⅱ）配合物的微波固相合成及晶体结构

以苯甲酸3-羟基-4-（3-羟基-3-苯基丙烯酰）-苯酯和醋酸锌为原料,在微波辅助作用下固相合成了苯甲酸3-羟基-4-（3-羟基-3-苯基丙烯酰）-苯酯合锌（Ⅱ）配合物.利用红外光谱及单晶X射线法对目标化合物进行了表征.结果显示,该配合物为三斜晶系,空间群为P-1,晶体学参数：a=0.716 9（7）nm,b=0.939 8（2）nm,c=1.645 6（5）nm;α=106.584（2）°,β=95.591 0（10）°,γ=90.988 0（10）°;F（000）=456,Z=1,V=1.056 5（3）nm3,Dc=1.377g.cm^-3,Mr=876.19.最终结构偏离因子R=0.040 3,Rw=0.094 1,S=1.022.最终差值电子密度的最大值和最小值分别为282nm-3和-334nm-3.     

分子内酰基化反应合成新型六环稠杂环化合物

以2-氯甲基-3-苯并喹啉甲酸乙酯（1）为底物与α-萘酚、β-萘酚反应经“一锅法”合成了中间体2-（α-萘氧甲基）苯并[ h]喹啉-3-羧酸（2a）、2-（β-萘氧甲基）苯并[ H]喹啉-3-羧酸（2b）。化合物2a,2b在Eaton′s试剂作用下合成两种新型六环稠杂环化合物萘并[2′,1′,6,7]氧杂卓并[3,4-b]苯并喹啉-7（14H）-酮（3a）和萘并[1′,2′,6,7]氧杂卓并[3,4-b]苯并喹啉-15（8H）-酮（3b）。化合物2a,2b发生分子内傅一克酰基化闭环反应,所合成的新化合物2a、2b、3a、3b的结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱及元素分析等得以确认。     

水青树茎干中化学成分的提取与分离

采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、RP-18柱色谱方法对水青树(TetracentronsinenseOliv.)茎干进行了成分分离纯化,并利用UV、NMR、MS等波谱光谱方法对化学成分进行结构鉴定.共从水青树乙酸乙酯与正丁醇萃取部分中分离并鉴定了15个化合物,分别为2-羟基-5-(2-羟乙基)苯β-D-葡萄糖甙(1),2,6-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(2),3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(3),丁香酸β-D-葡萄糖酯(4),丁香酸4-β-D-葡萄糖甙(5),甲氧基四氢醌-4-β-D-葡萄糖甙(6),甲氧基四氢醌-1-β-D-葡萄糖甙(7),对-羟基肉桂酸(8),β-乙酰鼠李糖甙(9),α-乙酰鼠李糖甙(10),(+)-儿茶素(11),羽扇醇(12),3β,20-羽扇二醇(13),白桦子酸(14),齐墩果酸(15).除化合物11-13和15外,其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

土贝母乙酸乙酯部位化学成分研究

通过现代分离技术并经波普分析研究,分离得到了土贝母乙酸乙酯部位8个化合物,并鉴定为:7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素(1)、表儿茶素(2)、儿茶素(3)、(E)-N-(4-羟基苯乙基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺(4)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(5)、(Z)-3-O-咖啡酰基-4-O-甲基奎宁酸甲酯(6)、绿原酸(7)、3-O-[β-D-吡喃鼠李糖-(1-6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖]-5,7,4'-三羟基黄酮(8).此8个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

窄叶鲜卑花化学成分研究（Ⅰ）

用硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20凝胶柱色谱等色谱技术分离纯化窄叶鲜卑花的化学成分,通过理化方法和波谱数据确定化合物结构．从窄叶鲜卑花二氯甲烷浸膏中分离并鉴定了9个化合物：香草醛（1）、甲基阿魏酸（2）、对甲氧基桂皮酸（3）、N,N′-二环己基脲（4）、Valencicacid（5）、ω-羟基-3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酮（6）、异阿魏酸（7）、咖啡酸（8）及3,4-二羟基苯甲酸（9）,除化合物2、7及8外,其他化合物都为从该植物中首次报道,化合物5及6首次从蔷薇科得到,化合物4首次从植物体内得到．以上结果可为该药材的进一步研究开发提供参考．     

羌活中有效成分4-羟基苯乙基茴香酸酯的全合成

从4－羟基苯甲酸和4－羟基苯乙酸甲酯出发,经6步反应首次合成了中草药羌活中的一个天然化合物－4－羟基苯乙基茴香酸酯及其相关的中间体,其分子结构得到元素分析,红外,1H＿NMR和MS等光谱数据证实。     

2-羟基-4-甲氧基-3′-氨基二苯甲酮与其烷基化物合成研究

以间苯二甲醚（1）与间硝基苯甲酰氯（2）为原料，经Friedel—Crafts反应得到2-羟基-4-甲氧基-3′-硝基二苯甲酮（3）．以CH2C12为溶剂，40℃，回流反应3h，n（AlCl3）：n（间苯二甲醚）：n（间硝基苯甲酰氯）=3：1．1：1时，产品的收率为71．8％．化合物3用5％Pd／C催化氢化得到对应的氨基物4，收率为90．2％．最后，用对甲基苯磺酸酯做烷基化试剂，又得到化合物4的单烷基化产物（91．4％）与双烷基化产物（88．9％）．利用IR、^1HNMR及MS等手段对合成的最终产物及一些关键中间体进行了结构表征，结果正确。     

藤贝母乙酸乙酯部位化学成分研究

采用薄层色谱、正相硅胶柱、反向硅胶柱、葡聚糖凝胶、半制备高效液相柱对植物药藤贝母乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分进行了系统的研究.共分离得到8个单体化合物,分别为：7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素(7-hydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin) (1),表儿茶素(epicatechin) (2),儿茶素(catechin) (3),(E)-N-(4-羟基苯乙基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺[(E)-N-hydroxy phenyl ethyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl) acrylamide] (4),邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(Dibutyl phthalate) (5),(Z)-3-O-咖啡酰基-4-O-甲基奎宁酸甲酯[(Z)-3-O-Coffee acyl-4-O-methyl quinic acid methyl ester] (6),绿原酸甲酯(methyl chlorogenate) (7), 3-O-[β-D-吡喃鼠李糖-(1-6)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖]-5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮(3-O-[beta-D-pyran rhamnose-(1-6)-beta-D-pyran galactose]-5, 7, 4′-three hydroxy flavone) (8). 所有化合物均首次从该植物分离得到.     

诺丽酵素的化学成分及其抗菌活性研究

运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、高效液相色谱等技术对诺丽酵素中化学成分进行 研究,从中分离得到11个化合物,运用 NMR 技术鉴定所得化合物的结构分别为blumenol A（1）、 （6R,7E）-9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one（2）、4-allyl-2-hydroxyphenyl 1-O-β-D-apiosyl-（1 →6）- β -D-glucopyranoside （3）、2-methoxy-4-vinylphenyl β -D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）- β -Dglucopyranoside（4）、4-hydroxyphenethyl-2′-R-hydroxypropanoate（5）、3-羟基-4-甲氧基肉桂酸 （6）、trans-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid（7）、对羟基苯丙酸甲酯（8）、p-hydroxy-phenylpropionic acid（9）、 3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙醇（10）、香草酸（11）,化合物1~2及5~11为首次从诺丽酵素中分离得到。采 用微量稀释法测定全部化合物的抗菌活性,化合物2对蜡状芽孢杆菌显示出较好的抑制活性（MIC 值为2.5 µg/mL）,其他化合物未显示明显抗菌活性（MIC值>20 µg/mL）。     

7(6)-羟基黄酮的简便合成及相关谱学分析

以2,4（5）-二羟基苯乙酮和苯甲酰氯为原料,在碳酸钾催化下-步合成了相应的β-丙二酮型化合物1-[4-（苯甲酰氧基）-2-羟基苯基]-3-苯基-l,3-丙二酮（8a）和1-[5-（苯甲酰氧基）-2-羟基苯基]-3-苯基-1,3-丙二酮（8b）。化合物8a和8b分别在l％氢氧化钾水溶液中回流处理,分别得到7-羟基黄酮（9a）和6-羟基黄酮（9b）。用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱对所合成的化合物进行了结构表征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that