双氰胺废渣制备氯化钙工艺研究

现阶段双氰胺废渣主要用做水泥,附加值不高且对环境造成粉尘污染.为将双氰胺废渣高效利用,研究利用宁夏石嘴山市双氰胺废渣制备高质量工业氯化钙的工艺.通过单因素及正交实验,考察浸出温度、浸出时间、盐酸加入量及搅拌速度对双氰胺废渣中Ca~(2+)浸出的影响.结果表明,最佳浸出工艺为,浸出温度为室温(25℃),浸出时间为60 min,0.31 mol/L盐酸的加入量为100 mL,搅拌速度为750 r/min.该条件下,双氰胺废渣中Ca~(2+)的浸出率为96.22%.根据溶度积原理,将浸出液调至pH=7,Mg~(2+)大部分生成Mg(OH)_2沉淀,Fe~(3+)大部分生成Fe(OH)_3沉淀,而Ca~(2+)留在溶液中.经过滤、蒸发、结晶、高温烘干得到纯度高达94.32%的氯化钙,质量达到GB/T 26520—2011的工业氯化钙Ⅰ型产品要求.     

膦酸基活性染料在涤棉碱防拔染印花中的应用

本文主要研究涤棉织物碱防拔染印花中染棉部分的膦酸基活性染料的底色浸轧染色工艺以及它的碱防拔染性能。结果表明，浸轧液中应含有双氰胺和无钠防泳移剂，浸轧液ＰＨ＝５；固色条件为２００℃左右处理１～２ｍｉｎ。膦酸基活性染料之所以可被碱防拔染，主要是由于它在强碱性条件下不与棉纤维发生固色反应，而防拔染助剂对它的防拔染效果没有影响     

沉淀法处理双氰胺厂废渣的研究

本文以双氰胺生产过程中产生的废渣为处理对象，讨论了沉淀法处理废渣的理论依据、工艺路线及回收碳酸钙的工艺条件。     

马海毛洗毛最佳工艺研究

本文利用正交工艺试验研究了马海毛洗毛工艺,试验结果证明:助剂对洗净马海毛光泽的影响较为显著,采用Na_2CO_3和Na_2SO_4混合助剂效果较好;低温洗毛有助于保护纤维光泽;洗剂浓度与洗净马海毛的含油率几乎呈负线性关系。大样试验表明20％的洗助剂追加量适用于连续的洗毛工艺过程。     

一种新型脱色剂开发和工业应用的故事

 国内印染废水处理常用的有机脱色剂是双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂.我的硕士论文是“双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂的开发与应用”,后来又根据应用,不断改进工艺,并于1999年申请且获得了国家发明专利.     

新型耐碱精练助剂SF应用

棉及棉型织物的漂练,由于各厂家的机器设备不同,所采用的工艺也不同。因此,对精练助剂的要求也不同,特别是我国引进冷轧堆工艺以来,与之配套的助剂虽然很多,但是一般都存在诸多不足。精练剂SF,应用广泛,适用于棉及涤/棉织物冷轧堆工艺,又适合煮练工艺,并有较高的浊点,耐浓碱,各项性能优于或接近国外同类精练剂。     

含双氰胺的新型绝缘纸制备及其油纸绝缘体系热老化试验

为研究老化过程中绝缘纸中双氰胺对油纸绝缘体系老化特性的影响,实验室制备含双氰胺以及未加任何试剂的空白样绝缘纸,两种绝缘纸分别浸油后在130℃下进行了31天的油纸联合热老化试验。定期取样测量绝缘纸的聚合度、击穿电压、氮含量,绝缘油的酸值以及油的紫外光谱。试验结果表明:添加双氰胺的绝缘纸抗老化效果明显,在老化末期,聚合度高出空白样58%;添加双氰胺的绝缘纸击穿电压在老化过程中始终高于空白样品;添加双氰胺的绝缘纸随着老化时间纸中氮含量减少并不严重;添加双氰胺的油纸组合,油的酸值远小于空白样油纸组合,油的颜色也浅。绝缘纸中双氰胺的加入,不但提高了绝缘纸的热稳定性与击穿性能,也使变压器油在老化过程中的性能得到改善。     

白云石碳化工艺助剂研究

由于我国白云石资源丰富、储量大,而且含镁量较高,所以,采用碳化法从白云石中提取氧化镁工艺,能够在有机胺助剂中找到一种有效的助剂六次甲基四胺,通过设计正交实验,找到此助剂在碳化反应中的最佳反应条件,在此条件下,反应时间大大缩短,氧化镁提取率由52.4%提高到70.8%.     

真丝织物气相转移印花助剂TPS1应用工艺研究

探讨了新研制的真丝转移印花助剂ＴＰＳ１ 的应用工艺。对助剂的用量，其他辅助助剂的应用以及转移印花时的温度时间进行了系统的研究，得到了ＴＰＳ１ 的较佳应用工艺，结果表明，应用该助剂预处理真丝织物然后进行转移印花，可获得较好的转移印花效果，产品手感柔软，色牢度达到了一级产品标准。     

亚麻粗纱煮漂新工艺的研究

从减少环境污染,改善工人操作条件出发,采用新型煮练助剂,改进传统亚麻粗纱亚－氧煮漂工艺为氧漂工艺,获得较为满意的效果。     

分散染料微胶囊/活性染料涤棉一浴法染色工艺初探

采用原位聚合法对分散染料进行双层造壁，制得分散染料微胶囊并应用于分散染料微胶囊／活性染料涤棉一浴法染色．通过改变染色条件中的浴比、染色温度、保温时间，研究分散染料微胶囊／活性染料涤棉织物的一浴法染色新工艺，并得出最佳染色工艺条件．     

Determining Compatibilities of Reactive Dyes in Pad Dyeing

Compatibilities of reactive dyes were conventionally shown by exhausting curves. But the change of proportion of dyes in padding dyebath was difficult for pad dyeing to be described by these curves. In this paper, a kind of simulation of pad dyeing process was used to determine dyestuff compatibility in pad dyeing for ramie and linen fabrics. Seven reactive dyes were divided into three groups and tested. The group with Cibacron Yellow C - 2R, Red C - R, and Blue C - R showed very good compatibility both for ramie and linen, and the other two groups of dyes gave out correspondingly low compatibilities in the pad dyeing tests. The results of the method for determining the compatibility of dyes displayed good consistency with the actul pad dyeing process.     

臭氧脱色染浴中助剂的循环利用初探

通过分散染料和弱酸性染料的循环染色实验，筛选了几种在对染液通入臭氧后在氧化脱色条件下稳定的染色助剂，目的是为了减少臭氧脱色后的染液循环染色中助剂的用量，还研究了染浴臭氧脱色的工艺条件。     

超声波在染色中的应用研究

以还原绿FFB对亚麻纱的染色为例．对超声波染色进行了研究，并与常规染色工艺比较，结果表明：超声波染色能够提高染料上染百分率，可以采用较少的染料染得较深的色泽纺织品，从而节约染料，降低环境污染。     

The Effect of TDEA on Dyeability of Both Cotton and Silk

Effects of the non - alcohol finishing agent TDEA on dye-ing properties of cotton and silk fabrics were examined. TDEA improving substantivity and having a fixation ac-tion on cotton fabrics dyeing with reactive dyes and sharp increasing dry and wet crease recovery angles of cotton have been demonstrated. The slightly lower color yields and duller in shade on the TDEA finished silk fabrics dyeing with some acid dyes have been indicated.     

Dyeing Properties of Basofil Fiber

The structures and properties of Basofil fiber were studied using X-rays small angle diffraction analysis, differential-scanning calorimeter and scanning electron microscopy. Disperse dyes, acid dyes and reactive dyes had been tried for dyeing Basofil fiber. It was shown disperse dyes were superior to other ones. The two series of high temperature dyes and low temperature dyes were compared for their suitability for Basofil fiber, and their dyeing behaviors were determined.     

活性染料代碱剂SM应用性能探讨

采用代碱剂SM替代碳酸钠对3种活性染料进行固色,探讨了固色代碱剂的用量对固色率、染色牢度等方面的影响.结果表明,代碱剂的质量浓度为1.6-2.0 g/L时即可达到较好的固色效果,且色光变化不明显,皂洗和摩擦牢度较好,可有效代替传统的固色碱剂.     

Dyeing of Polypropylene Fibers with Vat Dyes

IntroductionPolypropylene is one of the most intensively developedsynthetic fibers , which accounts for more than80%of thetotal volume and production of all polyolefin fibers . Theirproductionis more than20%of all production of syntheticfibers andlies inthe third place just after the production ofpolyester and polyamide fibers[1]. The application ofpolypropylene fibers depends on the fiber properties . Theyare widely used as nonwoven materials , floor coverings ,geotextiles , carpets , hygieni…     

Study on Dyeing of a Novel,Pro-environment Polylactic Acid （PLA） Fiber Yarn

Seventeen disperse dyes including anthraquinone, azo, methine, nitro, and quinoline dyes were applied to dye the Polylactic Acid （PLA） yarns at different conditions, and the dyebath exhaustion was determined. The result shows that C.I. disperse red 167, C.I. disperse orange 30, and C.I. disperse blue 284 have dye-uptakes greater than 80%. Therefore, they can be used as the three principal dyes for PLA yams. The experiment discovered that the dyes, because of their Monoazo and ester group contents, have a higher dye-uptake for the PLA fiber. The research on the optimization of dyeing techniques suggests that PLA yarn can obtain a high level of dyeing effectiveness at the following conditions： pH 4- 5, dyeing temperture 110℃ for 30- 40 min. Color fastness to perspiration, and waterwashing fastness increased 1 - 1.5 by the addition of the abstergent FB during the reduction clearing.     

活性染料代碱剂SM应用性能探讨

采用代碱剂SM替代碳酸钠对3种活性染料进行固色,探讨了固色代碱剂的用量对固色率、染色牢度等方面的影响.结果表明,代碱剂的质量浓度为1.6~2.0 g/L时即可达到较好的固色效果,且色光变化不明显,皂洗和摩擦牢度较好,可有效代替传统的固色碱剂.