自由感——康德美学的经验之维

在康德美学中，审美自由以自由感的形式出现。自由感为自然人向自由人的过渡提供了一个重要的契机，为先验自由和实践自由在心理经验层面上的实在性提供了一个感性的基础。自由感作为审美情感的一个重要特征，在康德以前都有着很长时间的发展历史，不过，是康德第一次提升了自由感的理论内涵。自由感是指人们在审美经验中体会到的自由愉悦，但又与感官的快感和道德感不同，是一种纯粹的情感，即与客体对象实际存在无关的无利害感。这种无利害的自由感在康德美学中有着自己特定的内涵：知性和想像力的自由游戏和天才的自由创造。     

苏珊·朗格美学思想与怀特海整体论之理论渊源

怀特海的过程哲学是建立在对现代性的深层反思基础之上,是对世界根本性追问中的整体性观照。他认为,一种内容只有作为整体的一个因素,才有其存在的理由。因而,不论对各个部分的细节描述和分析如何必要,但各个部分在整体中只享有其某种特定性,而这种特定意义是为整体所存在的。经验事态的审美价值是首要问题,道德价值的功能在于提高经验的审美价值。在怀特海整体论过程哲学的影响下,苏珊·朗格为美学研究置换了新的哲学基础。朗格的观点是,艺术品是一个各个部分都密切关联的有机整体,艺术所传达的意蕴,只能通过对整体意义以及整个结构的关系来理解。     

先秦“中和”美学思想论析

以“和”为美，以“中”为尺度的“中和”之美，是我国古代一个十分重要的美学范畴。作为中国传统的美学范畴，它以其深厚而独特的美学内涵影响了古今几千年中国人的审美思维。作为一种美学理论。它以“适中”、“时中”为美学原则，以“和谐”为美的理想和目标。     

论大庆石油诗歌意象的审美品质及成因

石油诗的美学特征主要由其意象的发掘与运用加以表现,按照我国传统的美学理论,可以将其概括为阳刚美与阴柔美,二者相辅相成,构成石油诗总体审美品质。这种美学形态的成因与诗歌创作者审美经验直接相关,而构成上述审美经验的因素包括历史文化传承中的英雄主义,大庆油田的客观环境以及以＂铁人精神＂、＂大庆精神＂为核心的大庆主体意识形态。     

中国现代美学与人的关系问题的文化走向

本文试图在20世纪中西方文化全面碰撞、对话和整合的世界存在境遇中，以反思20世纪中国现代美学与人的关系问题的文化走向为轴心，寻术21世纪中国现代美学发展的图景。文章在人的世界性存在的文化层面上，从哲学——政治经济学和美学学科两个方面，把反思的基本问题展现为中国人的世界性存在的面貌是怎样的。文章认为，在哲学—政治经济学的层面，中国现代美学展现了20世纪中国人的“历史创造者”的世界存在态势；在美学自身的学科层面，中国现代美学则呈现出多维阐释的文化态势，尽管二者还存在着人的世界性存在状态与人的世界性存在性质之间的内在矛盾，但是，二者的历史方向都在于建立文化美学，这正是21世纪中国现代美学发展的前景。     

美学神秘主义批判

美学神秘主义的主要命题是:审美超越的形而上性,审美经验的“不可言说性”,审美经验与宗教经验的同一性。实践美学需要对这些美学神秘主义观点进行祛魅。实践美学将美看成一种客观的社会现象,将美感视为可以理解的人的一种心理机制,反对过度夸大审美的功能,把审美当成拯救人类的新宗教而加以神秘化的倾向。     

试论理学美学的基本特点

中国古代美学思想的理论方式都是以自己的哲学理论为根据而提出审美理论,从哲学的问题推演出美学问题。离开传统哲学就无法理解传统美学,离开理学的哲学问题,就无法厘清理学的美学问题。以朱熹为代表的理学美学是一种审美哲学,而非审美规则,我们不能站在文学家或者文学批评家的立场来看待和评价理学美学,而应该站在文化的立场来认识和理解理学美学。理学美学既是一种本体论的哲学美学,也是一种美善结合的伦理美学,同时还把“天人合一”的诗意境界作为其美学追求的最高境界。它是中国古典美学的本体化、功能化和思辨化,是中国古典美学发展过程中的一个客观的必然的环节。     

自然与自由和谐论——一个被遮蔽了的康德美学主题

康德美学主题一直是康德美学研究的核心问题。研究者们一般从康德哲学的角度去解释康德美学问题,他们认为康德美学是其哲学的一个重要组成部分,康德美学是用来沟通认识与道德之间的鸿沟的。而实际上,康德美学不仅起到了桥梁的作用,更起到了综合的作用。它通过＂自然与自由和谐论＂将纯粹理性和实践理性综合起来,其内在深意在于从人类学意义上完成其先验人类学的建构。其目标是用来沟通经验世界和超验世界,保持人的独立人格和尊严,从而完成自身道德人格的建构。但是由于康德是从先验的角度来阐释这一主题的,因而其美学是未完成的,但它却为未来美学的研究开辟了一个崭新的方向。     

浅谈《金瓶梅》中的审美标准对中国古典美学的颠覆

《金瓶梅》作为一部奇书，它从成书至今就一直备受关注，其研究价值不仅在于它的文本内容和社会影响，更在于它在美学中的突出价值，它的出现使得中国古典美学的审美标准发生了变化，海内外学者开始从伦理道德标准和文学作品价值评判等层面对它进行评析，使得它深远的美学内涵得以展现。中国古典美学的评价标准是以善为美，道德因素制约着《金》所获得的审美评价，而《金》所突出表现的是它的“真”，就是因为以真为美，省略了过滤生活原貌的一切环节，才把一众古代小说皆避讳的性事写得龙飞凤舞。这是由它所追求的美学风貌决定的，以追求最大限度贴近现实为旨归，以日常市民生活为审美领域，以生活丑、人性恶为审美对象。以真为美，那就不必排除生活丑、只有以善为美才会把它们从审美客体中剔除。所以，就《金》所表现出的美学精神而言，是不存在古典美学意义上有关丑与恶的禁区的，也谈不什么化丑为美。     

重视人生关爱生命追求自由——老庄美学的审美境界论

老庄美学是中国美学的源头之一,对中国美学具有永恒的指导意义.老庄美学重视人生,热爱生命,追求个体的精神解放和人格自由,揭示人的本质和价值,这无疑也对当代人的人格确立和精神追求,具有极大的现实意义.特别是老庄美学在人与自然之和谐关系的处理上更是启迪着当今生活在"工具论"世界里的人们.老庄美学虽以人为本,而又向自然回归;虽重在人格修养,而又以人性的自由为落脚点,这在审美境界的构成上恰与孔子美学形成鲜明对比.本文以老庄"天人合一"的美学思想为基点,探讨了老庄美学以生命哲学为核心的审美境界论建构.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with