壳聚糖-Fe304超顺磁微球固定脂肪酶催化拆分（R，S）．1．苯乙醇

为将脂肪酶固定化,以提高酶的稳定性、使酶可以重复利用和降低生产成本,采用化学共沉淀法制备Fe,0。,以透射电镜、x-射线粉末衍射和红外光谱对所得产品进行表征,并且采用硅烷．戊二醛偶联法和壳聚糖包埋法分别将脂肪酶固定于磁球表面,再以生物拆分（R,s）一1一苯乙醇为模型考察了各种因素对转酯反应的影响。结果表明：化学共沉淀法制备Fe304为粒径小于20nm的磁性纳米粒子;壳聚糖包埋法操作简单、酶载量大;扫描电镜分析揭示固定酶的磁球表面含有大量微孔结构。在最佳条件下,1一苯乙醇的转化率达44．3％,对映体过量值eep为99％,酶的半衰期为121h。反应完成后,施加外磁场可使酶与反应体系迅速分离,固定化酶重复使用11次酶的活性没有明显减少,说明壳聚糖一Fe3O4超顺磁微球固定脂肪酶具有高的活性和稳定性。     

磁性高分子微球合成及其固定化脂肪酶的研究

用化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4粒子,以油酸为分散剂,与化学单体、胶联剂等处理,经修饰合成磁性高分子微球,固定化脂肪酶水解油酯,测试其固定化脂肪酶的性能.通过测试其固定化时间和固定化酶量以及固定化酶的半衰期等性能,与游离酶性能对比,说明这种磁性材料大大提高了酶的适应温度,增强了脂肪酶的耐受性,提高了脂肪酶的活力回收,磁性粒子高分子微球是一种很好的酶固定化材料.     

磁微球固定过氧化物酶催化光度检测过氧化氢

采用化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4,将正硅酸四乙酯水解在Fe3O4粒子表面制得Fe3O4/SiO2核壳磁微球,制备好的微球经红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射和磁强计考察其结构和磁性。在微球表面用3-氨丙基三胺乙基硅烷修饰上氨基,经戊二醛活化以偶联的方式将过氧化物酶固定在磁微球上。固定后的酶催化过氧化氢的同时使氨基二乙基苯胺硫酸盐显色,产生的有色物质在551 nm处有最大吸收,以此建立检测过氧化氢的方法。结果表明,包裹SiO2层的磁微球不改变其核的结构,磁性降低但是不改变超顺磁状态。在最佳条件下,过氧化氢的线性范围是1.29～64.5μmol/L,检出限为8.5×10-7mol/L。固定后的酶可反复使用5次,放置于4℃至少两个月不影响催化效果。     

固定化脂肪酶催化（R，JS）-1-苯乙醇转酯化拆分反应及动力学研究

利用制备的舍Fe304无机磁性复合物FSN固定假单胞茵脂肪酶（Pseudomonas sp Lipase,PSL）,获得具有高活性、高对映体选择性和易分离的固定化酶PSL／FSN．乙酸乙烯酯做酰化试剂,PSL／FSN在正庚烷溶剂中催化（R,S）-1-苯乙醇转酯化拆分反应,40℃反应2h时,（S）-1-苯乙醇对映体过量值eep和（R）-乙酸-1-苯乙酯的对映体过量值eep均为99％,（R,S）-1-苯乙醇的转化率达到理论值。固定化酶PSL／FSN在70℃经2h热处理,其活性和对映选择性没有明显的下降;PSL／FSN重复使用10次,其活性和对映体选择性未出现衰减。基于实验数据,研究了固定化酶催化（R,S）-1-苯乙醇转酯化拆分反应的动力学行为,获得了（R,S）-1-苯乙醇转酯化拆分反应的动力学方程。     

氧化石墨烯/Fe_3O_4复合材料固定辣根过氧化物酶催化去除酚类废水

采用原位反相共沉淀法制备了氧化石墨烯/Fe3O4(GO/Fe3O4)复合材料,以其为载体,1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)为交联剂运用共价固酶的方法固定了辣根过氧化物酶(HRP).采用振动样品磁强计和傅里叶红外光谱对催化剂进行了表征,研究了其对苯酚,2,4-二氧苯酚和两者混合溶液的去除效果,考察了固定化酶去除苯酚和2,4-对氯酚的混合溶液的理化性质和重复使用情况.结果表明:4次循环之后固定化酶还保留50%以上的活性.     

用壳聚糖修饰的MCM-48固定化脂肪酶拆分（R，S）-1-苯乙醇

研究了涂覆壳聚糖（CS）的介孔分子筛MCM-48固定化假单胞菌脂肪酶（PSL）,及其在（R,S）-1-苯乙醇转酯化拆分反应中的催化性能．结果表明,壳聚糖与MCM-48的质量比为1：10时,用有机相固定化法制备的固定化酶PsL／CS-MCM-48显示了较高的催化活性及对映选择性,且高于游离酶和纯壳聚糖固定化酶PSL/CS．在PSL／CS-MCM-48的催化作用下,1-苯乙醇的转化率（C）达到46．9％,（S）-1-苯乙醇的对映体过量值（ees）达到87．5％,产物（R）-1-乙酸苯乙酯的对映体过量值（eep）大于99％,对映选择性参数（E）为576．同时,PSL／CS-MCM-48对（R,S）-1-苯乙醇催化转酯化拆分具有良好的重复使用性．     

磁性壳聚糖表面离子液体固定化及其 对丙烯酰胺吸附性能研究

以Fe3O4作为磁性纳米粒子,悬浮交联法制备磁性壳聚糖微球;以戊二醛作为交联剂在磁性壳聚糖微球表面固定离子液体;利用紫外分光光度法研究磁性壳聚糖固定化离子液体对丙烯酰胺的吸附性能.吸附动力学实验表明:2 h吸附容量为1.45 mg/g,3 h吸附基本达到平衡.结果显示:制备的磁性壳聚糖固定化离子液体对丙烯酰胺具有良好的吸附性能.     

超声乳化法制备纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒及壳聚糖表面改性

采用超声乳化法制备纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒,以壳聚糖作为表面活性剂,制备具有生物亲和性的水基Fe3O4磁流体.研究了Fe2+/Fe3+摩尔比、超声时间和表面活性剂用量对磁流体性能的影响.结果表明:当Fe2+/Fe3+摩尔比为1:1·5,滴加氨水时反应温度为70℃时,可制备理想纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒;超声时间为7·5min左右,质量分数1%的壳聚糖溶液体积占FeO溶液总体积的50%时,有利于壳聚糖分子的包覆,使磁流体具有较高的比饱和磁化强度及稳定性.     

海藻酸钠-壳聚糖固定化漆酶的研究

采用海藻酸钠包埋法和海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包埋-交联法固定化漆酶,探讨了固定化条件、固定化漆酶及游离酶的酶学性质,结果表明：包埋法和包埋-交联法固定化漆酶的最佳条件分别为海藻酸钠浓度3％、CaCl2浓度1．5％和海藻酸钠浓度2％、CaCl2浓度2％、壳聚糖浓度1．5％、戊二醛浓度1％．两种固定化漆酶的最适pH和最适温度相同,分别为5．0和30℃,游离酶pH为4．6,温度20℃．包埋法固定化漆酶、包埋一交联法固定化漆酶和游离酶的米氏常数分别为3．3,2．8,1．22mmol／L．     

Fe3O4／CS纳米复合材料的制备与应用研究进展

四氧化三铁／壳聚糖（Fe3O4／CS）纳米复合材料既具有磁响应功能，还具有与生物活性物质反应的特殊功能基团，可以作为生物活性物质的载体，具有生物可降解性。本文综述了Fe3O4／CS纳米复合材料的制备方法，如化学共沉淀法、表面吸附法、乳化交联法、原位沉析法，并分析了各种制备方法的优点和不足。简单介绍了Fe3O4／CS纳米复合材料在生物医学、水处理和食品工业等领域的应用现状和应用前景。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that