2219-T87铝合金TIG焊缝拉拔式摩擦塞补焊接头的微观组织及力学性能分析

本文研究了6 mm厚2219-T87铝合金TIG焊缝拉拔式摩擦塞补焊接头的微观组织,析出相演变规律以及力学性能。当使用7000 r/min主轴转速,12 mm进给量以及20–22 kN 轴向拉力时,焊接接头成形良好且无焊接缺陷,塞棒与试板之间通过再结晶的方式形成了冶金结合。根据微观组织特征不同,接头可划分为热影响区、热机械影响区、再结晶区、TIG焊缝-热影响区以及TIG焊缝-热机械影响区。TIG焊缝-热机械影响区晶粒受到焊接过程中塞棒旋转挤压作用而发生剧烈塑性变形。热机械影响区发生软化的主要原因是θ'相的溶解以及θ相的粗化。拉伸试验结果表明,轴向拉力为22 kN时,对应接头抗拉强度最高,为237 MPa;接头在TIG焊缝–热机械影响区发生断裂。断口形貌分析表明接头具有良好的塑性与韧性。     

6082-T6铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头的性能

针对2mm的6082-T6铝合金薄板进行回填式搅拌摩擦点焊,研究搅拌套的旋转速度及下扎深度对力学性能的影响规律,并对接头的横截面及断口形貌进行观察和分析.结果表明:当采用合适的焊接参数时,回填式搅拌摩擦搭接点焊的接头成形美观.点焊接头剪切强度随着搅拌头转速和下扎深度的增加均呈先增大后减小的趋势,剪切断口的断裂形式为韧性断裂.     

2219-T87铝合金TIG焊缝摩擦塞补焊接头组织及性能

采用摩擦塞补焊工艺,对8,mm厚的2219-T87铝合金TIG焊缝进行焊接实验,采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察接头的焊缝成型、显微组织和强化相转变,通过硬度测试、拉伸试验、断口观测研究接头的力学性能和断裂特征.结果表明:摩擦塞补焊接头可分为塞棒区、塞棒热力影响区、再结晶区、热力影响区、热影响区和母材区/TIG焊缝区6部分;接头热影响区和热力影响区的强化相粗化,发生局部软化,垂直于TIG焊缝方向的最低硬度(95.1,HV)出现在热力影响区,平行于TIG焊缝方向的最低硬度(75.3,HV)出现在热影响区;接头的抗拉强度可达321.3,MPa,断后伸长率可达2.8%,,分别为母材的72.2%,和28.0%,;拉伸试样断裂位置为热力影响区,断口呈剪切韧窝,属于塑性断裂.     

补焊对5A02铝合金焊接接头力学性能的影响

本文以某型飞机5A06铝合金焊接模拟件的原始焊接接头和一次补焊接头为研究对象,通过拉伸试验、疲劳试验,研究了补焊对铝合金焊接接头力学性能的影响。结果表明：补焊对接头拉伸性能没有明显的影响,但是会明显降低焊接接头的中值疲劳强度。     

补焊对6005A-5083铝合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响

为验证补焊工艺对6005A-5083焊接接头的力学及耐蚀性能的影响,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、硬度计、慢应变速率拉伸试验机等仪器对焊接接头的微观组织及性能进行测试分析.结果表明：补焊前后,焊接接头的组织、硬度分布规律没有明显变化;焊缝区、5083基材侧热影响区、6005A侧热影响区的宽度分别为10, 10, 35 mm左右,且显微硬度上存在明显的软化区;补焊前后,焊接接头的抗拉强度、屈服强度及伸长率分别为181 MPa, 115 MPa, 7.2%及183 MPa, 116 MPa, 8.9%;经补焊后,接头的晶间腐蚀敏感性略有增加;补焊前后,焊接接头均未表现出明显的应力腐蚀敏感性.     

7075铝合金搅拌摩擦焊模拟与实验研究

搅拌摩擦焊解决了7075铝合金难焊接问题,但焊接过程中复杂的温度、流场变化容易造成焊缝缺陷.本文利用FLUENT软件模拟研究了7075铝合金焊接过程温度场与流场的变化规律,并对模拟结果进行了验证.结果表明:前进侧焊接温度高于后退侧,但其材料流速低于后退侧,焊缝最高温度出现在轴肩边缘内侧.搅拌头转速越大,焊接速度越小,则...     

铝合金/钢搅拌摩擦焊与冷金属过渡焊搭接接头的拉剪载荷及显微组织分析

分别采用搅拌摩擦焊和冷金属过渡焊进行铝合金与镀锌钢的焊接试验,通过对焊缝截面显微组织、界面层成分及显微硬度的对比分析,研究影响焊接接头拉剪载荷和失效形式的因素。结果表明:搅拌摩擦焊接头的拉剪载荷接近于母材,焊缝晶粒细小、组织致密,显微硬度高于冷金属过渡焊接头,铝合金-钢异种金属界面层的结合为通过"洋葱瓣"状结构的机械咬合和冶金结合,界面层厚度约为20μm,为Al-Zn固溶体;冷金属过渡焊接头的拉剪载荷较铝母材降低了37.8%,在熔合线附近断裂,熔合线附近为柱状晶,焊缝根部存在热裂纹,显微硬度较铝母材的降低了30%,界面层厚度约为5μm,为Al-Fe金属间化合物。     

铝合金水冷电机外壳的搅拌摩擦焊工艺流程

电机在提供动力的同时会产生大量的热量;一般采用铝合金水冷电机外壳为电机降温来保证其使用寿命。铝合金水冷电机外壳采用焊接的方式来保证其水道的密封性。与传统的熔化焊相比,搅拌摩擦焊方法以及合理的焊接工艺能够有效地减少焊接缺陷、降低热输入、提高产品的一次合格率。搅拌摩擦焊工艺过程可在此类铝合金产品中推广应用,为此类产品在后续新能源领域的发展提供坚实的基础。     

基于神经网络BP算法的7075-T651铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头疲劳寿命预测

在对航空用5 mm厚7075-T651铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头进行低周疲劳实验研究的过程中,通过实验数据的获取,建立基于人工神经网络BP算法的搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头疲劳寿命预测模型.利用该网络模型对不同工艺参数下焊接接头的疲劳寿命进行预测.预测值和实验值比较表明,预测数据与实验数据吻合良好.该模型的建立为铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头疲劳寿命研究节省了时间.     

LF21铝合金薄板搅拌摩擦焊组织与性能

采用搅拌摩擦焊方法对厚度为1.4 mm的LF21铝合金薄板进行单道对接焊实验。实验结果表明:在旋转速度为1 500 r/min,焊接速度为100~180 mm/min时,均可获得较好的焊接性能,焊缝的抗拉强度在125~134 MPa之间,焊接强度系数为基材强度的78%~83%,说明该铝合金薄板采用搅拌摩擦焊方法的焊接适应性好。硬度测试结果表明焊缝发生了软化,其软化区宽度约为25 mm。在焊接热循环的作用下,锰在焊缝区沿轧制方向析出并聚集成较粗大的脆性MnAl6化合物,降低了焊缝的抗拉强度。     

下扎深度对AZ91镁合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头组织和断裂行为的影响

We used refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) to join 2-mm-thick AZ91D-H24 magnesium alloy sheets, and we investigated in detail the effect of tool plunge depth on the microstructure and fracture behavior of the joints. A sound joint surface can be obtained using plunge depths of 2.0 and 2.5 mm. Plunge depth was found to significantly affect the height of the hook, with greater plunge depths corresponding to more severe upward bending of the hook, which compromised the tensile-shear properties of the joints. The hardness reached a minimum at the thermo-mechanically affected zone due to the precipitation phases of this zone as it dissolved into the α-matrix during the welding process. The fracture modes of RFSSW joints can be divided into three types: shear fracture, plug fracture, and shear–plug fracture. Of these, the joint with a shear–plug fracture exhibited the best tensile-shear load of 6400 N.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

2024-T42铝合金点焊接头性能研究

为改善高强铝合金接头连接性能,提高焊接质量,研究了2024-T42铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊(RFSSW)、电阻点焊和铆接3种不同接头的连接性能,采用显微组织观察试验、拉伸试验、拉剪试验和显微硬度试验等方法,对接头组织和性能进行表征与分析.结果 表明:RFSSW接头的力学性能最优,拉剪性能达到7.23 kN,较铆接和电阻...     

Corrosion behavior of the friction-stir-welded joints of 2A14-T6 aluminum alloy

The corrosion behavior of friction-stir-welded 2A14-T6 aluminum alloy was investigated by immersion testing in immersion exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) solution. Electrochemical measurements (open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy were employed for analyzing the corrosion mechanism. The results show that, compared to the base material, the corrosion resistance of the friction-stir welds is greatly improved, and the weld nugget has the highest corrosion resistance. The pitting susceptibility originates from the edge of Al-Cu-Fe-Mn-Si phase particles as the cathode compared to the matrix due to their high self-corrosion potential. No corrosion activity is observed around the θ phase (Al₂Cu) after 2 h of immersion in EXCO solution.     

某型飞机5A02铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能研究

本文研究了某型飞机所使用的5A02铝合金焊接头的疲劳性能。试验研究了该材料的原始焊接接头与一次补焊接头的疲劳性能,通过疲劳试验及疲劳断口形貌分析等手段对焊接接头疲劳性能进行了研究。试验结果表明,补焊会造成焊缝附近区域材料晶粒粗大,并且补焊后,焊接接头的中值疲劳强度下降。     

LY12铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊接工艺研究

根据摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)的固相塑性连接工艺特点,在FSW焊机上进行大量的LY12铝合金连接试验.针对接头成型特点、微观组织及力学性能等,研究了焊接规范参数对于焊缝成型的影响,确定了最佳焊接参数.结果表明,当转速在1050r/min时,随焊速增加,接头强度下降;在焊速20～60mm/min内焊接时,接头强度下降不很明显,因此在此范围内均可得到强度较高的接头.其中焊速在20mm/min时可得到强度最高的接头,其强度值为320MPa,是母材强度的73%,而用常规焊接方法进行连接时强度只有60%～70%.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and formability of friction stir welded dissimilar materials of IF-steel and 6061 Al alloy

AA 6061 alloy and interstitial-free(IF)steel plates were joined by the friction stir welding(FSW)method,and the microstructure,mechanical properties,and biaxial stretch formability of the friction stir welded(FSWed)parts were investigated.The results indicate that the FSWed parts showed optimum tensile strength during FSW with the 0.4-mm offset position of the tool.The Fe4Al13 intermetallic compound formed in the defect-free intersection of AA 6061 and IF-steel plates during FSW.The hardness of the IF-steel part of the FSWed region increased almost 90%relative to its initial hardness of HV0.2 105.The tensile and yield strengths of FSWed regions were approximately 170 MPa and 145 MPa,respectively.According to the formability tests,the Erichsen Index(EI)of the IF-steel,AA 6061,and the FSWed samples were determined to be 2.9 mm,1.9 mm,and 2.1 mm,respectively.The EI of the FSWed sample was almost the same as that of the AA 6061 alloy.However,it decreased compared with that of the IF-steel.The force at EI(FEI)was approximately 1180 N for the FSWed condition.This value is approximately 70%higher than that of AA 6061 alloy.