固溶体KTa1—xNbxO3陶瓷的热释电性质

本文首次报道KTN铁电陶瓷的热释电系数λ与温度的依赖关系。测量了极化强度P。结果表明,x=0.5和0.6的样品在25℃时,P=4.6μc/cm~2和5.0μc/cm~2;λ=2.0×10~(-8)c/cm~2K和1.7×10~(-8)c/cm~2K。并讨论了Nb含量对极化强度的影响。     

(1-x)PST-xPZT陶瓷的热释电性能研究

用静态法对不同制备工艺和不同PZT掺杂量的(1-x)PST-xPZT陶瓷的热释电系数进行了测试,发现随着PZT掺入量的增加逐渐降低PSTZT陶瓷的热释电系数.采用两步法工艺制备的PSTZT陶瓷和在较高烧结温度下制备的PSTZT陶瓷的热释电系数较大.     

PbTiO3薄膜的热释电性和铁电性研究

采用Sol—Gel工艺制备了较大面积不裂的PbTiO_3薄膜,对样品做了不同烧结温度下的X射线衍射实验,经550℃保温30min的样品已形成了单一晶相的PbTiO_3多晶膜。对样品的热释电系数随温度、薄膜厚度和胶液浓度的变化关系研究,发现热释电系数随胶液浓度和薄膜厚度的增加而增大,最后达到饱和。样品的室温热释电系数为3.6×10~(-8)C/cm~2·K,介电常数为15～26,介电损耗为0.001—0.05,居里温度为515℃,自发极化强度和剩余极化强度分别为6.54μc/cm~2和3.37μc/cm~2,矫顽场强为54.8kV/cm。     

柔性PZT复合材料的热释电性质研究

研究了由掺铌的钛锆酸铅颗粒与硅橡胶混合物的热释电性质；与一般的致密压电陶瓷相比较，其热释电系数为0.6×10     

(1-x)PST-xPZT铁电弛豫陶瓷的压电与热释电性能研究

利用先驱体法(简称两步法)合成了(1-x)PST-xPZT(0.1≤x≤0.5)(简称为PSTZT)驰豫铁电陶瓷.用XRD对PSTZT弛豫铁电陶瓷的相结构进行了表征.结果表明用两步法制备的所有PSTZT样品中均无焦绿石相存在.其钙钛矿相成分随烧结温度升高而增加.PSTZT陶瓷的温度峰值介电常数可以达到约20000.PSTZT陶瓷在室温附近的热释电系数为(3-6)×10-8C/(cm2·K),讨论了PSTZT陶瓷的压电性能与掺杂PZT组分之间的关系.     

烧结气氛对氮化铝陶瓷结构与性能的影响

以高温自蔓延法合成的氮化铝(AlN)粉末为原料,加入5%Y2O3作为烧结助剂,注射成形后分别在氮气和还原性氮气氛中1850℃常压烧结成AlN陶瓷,研究烧结气氛对AlN陶瓷结构与性能的影响.研究表明,不同气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷的密度、第二相和热扩散系数有所不同,氮气中烧结的AlN陶瓷的密度、第二相和热扩散系数分别为3.20g·cm-3、钇铝酸盐(Y3Al5O12和Y4Al2O9)和0.559cm2·s-1;还原性氮气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷的密度、第二相和热扩散系数为3.00g·cm-3、氮化钇(YN)和0.581cm2·s-1.扫描电镜(SEM)分析显示氮气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷结构均一,而还原性氮气氛中烧结的AlN陶瓷内外结构不一致,容易产生变形.     

烧结温度对（Bi0．5Na0．5）0．94Ba0．06TiO3压电陶瓷微观结构及电性能的影响

采用传统陶瓷工艺,制备了(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3压电陶瓷.研究了烧结温度为1 120～1 180℃时陶瓷样品的密度、相组成、显微组织、压电和介电性能.结果表明,所有样品均为三方、四方相共存,有高的体密度.1 160℃烧结陶瓷,体密度可达到最大值(理论密度的98%),并且有很好的电子性能(压电系数d33=131 pC/N,平面机电耦合系数 kp=0.297,介电常数(ε)r=615,介电损耗tanδ=0.020.)     

铁电晶体(K_xNa_(1-x))_(0.4)(Sr_yBa_(1-y))_(0.8)Nb_2O_6系列的热释电性质

本文介绍一种新的A位填满型钨青铜结构铁电单晶(K_xNa_(1-x)_(0.4)(SryBa_(1-y))_(0.8)Nb_2O_6系列的制备,以及介电行为和热释电系数随化学成份变化的测量结果.测量表明,当=x0.50,y=0.75时,晶体具有高于铌酸锶钡(SBN)的热释电优值指数:FM_(RV)=p/ρcpk10.2×10~(-13) C·m/J 和FM_(RN)=p/ρcp k~(1/2)=1.6×10~(-11)C·m/J,表明了晶体有用作热释电探测材料的实际应用价值.     

B2O3对Ca[(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.95Zr0.15]3+δ陶瓷微波介电性能的影响

研究了B2O3对陶瓷的烧结性能及微波介电特性的影响.结果表明B2O3的掺人能使Ca[(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.95Zr0.15]3 δ(CLNZ)陶瓷体系的烧结温度降低160～210℃,谐振频率温度系数τf随B2O3掺入量增加,但烧结温度对其没有明显影响.在990℃.掺入质量分数为1.0 %的B2O3,陶瓷微波介电性能最佳:εr=33.1,Qf=13 700 GHz,τf=-6.8×10-6/℃;而且,掺入2.0%的B2O3,在940℃烧结4 h,能获得介电性能良好的陶瓷,其εr=31.4,Qf=8 700 GHz,τf=-5.2×10-6/℃.     

铌酸铅钡铁电单晶的生长和物理性质

本工作首次由熔体中用提拉法生长出完整的Pb_xBa_(1-x)Nb_2O_6(铌酸铅钡)大块铁电单晶,并对单晶的物理性质作了研究和测量.研究表明,当x=0.37时,晶体室温下属于点群4mm对称性,呈铁电相.居里温度T_c=260℃.室温下,相对介电常数ε_(11)~T/ε_0=600,ε_(33)~T/ε_0=130,压电系数d33=44×10~(-12)库仑/牛顿,热释电系数p=9×10~(-5)库仑/米~2·K.用腐蚀c-切片的方法由扫描电子显微观察到单晶的方形铁由畴结构花样     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-