环境友好型脱硫醇催化剂的研制

在脱硫醇反应中采用微波分散MgO的方法制备固体碱以替代传统工艺中的液体碱。通过甲醇助剂的使用可以明显地提高催化剂的活性和寿命。研究表明,催化剂性能的提高和甲醇改善催化剂表面的浸润状况,与促进磺化酞菁钴在水相中的分散有关。     

光化学催化氧化法处理含硫废水的研究

采用溶胶 -凝胶法制备了TiO2 薄膜催化剂 ,实现了催化与分离的一体化。同时采用了UV H2 O2 TiO2 工艺对高浓度的含硫废水进行了处理研究 ,结果表明 ,在反应温度为 30℃ ,每升废碱液投加H2 O2 (体积分数为 30 % ) 10mL L ,反应时间为 180min等条件下 ,硫化物的去除率可达 95 %以上 ,显示了该工艺良好的应用前景     

生物活性物质--低聚半乳糖

介绍了生物活性物质-低聚半乳糖的生理功能及生产方法,并对其在食品工业的应用与发展前景进行了展望.     

PTC法以苯为原料电化学氧化合成对苯醌的研究

报道以苯为原料，H2SO4，NaSO4为支持电解质，采用PTC法，在铅基二氧化铅阳极上电化学氧化合成对苯醌的方法和合适工艺条件的研究。实验结果表明这是一条很有潜力的工艺路线。     

Stochastic sensors inspired by biology

Sensory systems use a variety of membrane-bound receptors, including responsive ion channels, to discriminate between a multitude of stimuli. Here we describe how engineered membrane pores can be used to make rapid and sensitive biosensors with potential applications that range from the detection of biological warfare agents to pharmaceutical screening. Notably, use of the engineered pores in stochastic sensing, a single-molecule detection technology, reveals the identity of an analyte as well as its concentration.     

微电解--催化氧化组合工艺处理染料废水的探讨

用微电解--催化氧化组合工艺对染料废水处理试验结果表明氧化剂二氧化氯在催化剂作用下将染料废水中有机物氧化分解,可使废水中CODcr去除率达70%,色度去除率达95%,染料废水经此法处理后继续生化处理,其出水可达排放指标.     

基于危险模式免疫算法模型

本文阐述了危险模式的基本概况及运行机理,提出了一种新型的基于危险模式的免疫算法模型,并探讨了基于危险理论免疫算法的应用领域。     

受证据理论启发的传感器数据融合算法

受证据理论的启发,提出了一种新的传感器数据融合算法.借鉴证据理论中的基本信任分配思想和证据组合思想,将所有测量值构成的集合视为辨识框架,并对各个测量值的精度进行判断,在此基础上将各个测量值分别转换为相应的证据;再利用基于冲突分配法的证据组合规则对所有证据进行组合,所得合成证据的Mass函数即为各个测量值的权值分配函数;...     

基于危险模式免疫算法模型

本文阐述了危险模式的基本概况及运行机理,提出了一种新型的基于危险模式的免疫算法模型,并探讨了基于危险理论免疫算法的应用领域.     

固体超强酸催化剂研究综述

固体超强酸的性能独特,在工业上有很好的应用前景,本身又是一种无污染的催化剂。SO42-/MxOy型固体催化剂具有超强酸,MxOy包括TiO2,ZrO2,Fe2O3,本文详细介绍了固体超强酸,尤其是SO42-/MxOy型的表面结构特征和制备条件对其性能的影响,以及在化学反应中的催化作用。     

群体组织启示下的粒子群算法改进

从社会学的视角分析粒子群的组织结构,试图通过增强群体组织管理来防止算法的早熟收敛.借鉴社会管理学中发挥个体能动性和规范成员行为并重的管理理念,构造基于团队式管理的粒子群算法.使用标准测试函数对该算法进行仿真实验,并用正交试验法进行了参数优化.实验结果表明,相对现有的一些改进方案,文中提出的改进算法简单易实现,在一些问题求解上表现出较好的寻优和收敛性能.     

Splicing-related catalysis by protein-free snRNAs

Removal of intervening sequences from eukaryotic messenger RNA precursors is carried out by the spliceosome, a complex assembly of five small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and a large number of proteins. Although it has been suggested that the spliceosome might be an RNA enzyme, direct evidence for this has been lacking, and the identity of the catalytic domain of the spliceosome is unknown. Here we show that a protein-free complex of two snRNAs, U2 and U6, can bind and position a small RNA containing the sequence of the intron branch site, and activate the branch adenosine to attack a catalytically critical domain of U6 in a reaction that is related to the first step of splicing. Our data provide direct evidence for the catalytic potential of spliceosomal snRNAs.     

Structural design inspired by beetle elytra and its mechanical properties

On the basis of the microstructure of the cross-section of a beetle’s elytra,three bio-inspired lightweight structures were designed and built from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic with a three-dimensional printer.The mechanical properties of three lightweight structures were analyzed and compared employing the finite element method,and quasi-static compression experiments and a three-point bending test on the structure samples were carried out using an electronic universal testing machine to verify the effectiveness of the finite element method.The results show that all three bio-structures were lightweight and had excellent mechanical properties.In particular,the bio-structure with spherical holes and hollow columns perpendicular to the top and bottom surfaces best imitated the microstructure of the cross-section of the Cybister elytra and had the greatest specific strength/stiffness in compression and bending.Finally,a preliminary optimization design was obtained for this bio-structure to further improve its specific strength and specific stiffness to 31.82 kN m/kg and 108.73 kN m 2 /kg respectively.     

Biologically diverse molecular variants within a single HIV-1 isolate

AIDS is a disorder characterized by a slow progressive impairment of immune function and by infection of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, HIV-2). Our knowledge of how these viruses cause disease in man, or how the related lentiviruses (visna and equine infectious anaemia virus) cause disease in animals, is still fragmentary. In particular, the significance of genetic variation in HIV-1, occurring within populations, within individuals and over periods of time, and the mechanisms of viral persistence remain unclear. To address these issues we prepared a series of proviral clones of HIV-1 originating from a single patient and compared their biological properties. Here we show that hybrid genomes (in which the envelope region of six viral clones were separately substituted into a prototype HIV-1 genome) generated viruses with widely differing capacity to grow in human T cells, cell lines and monocytoid cultures. These data suggest that extensive biological variation exists in vivo within an infected individual and is in part determined at the level of the viral envelope.