一种适用于时序InSAR的同质像元加权干涉相位滤波方法

为了有效地利用多时相InSAR的时间维度信息, 并保证滤波窗口内像元的同质性, 提出一种同质像元加权干涉相位滤波方法。首先采用拟合优度检验, 对多时相SAR 图像的同质像元进行识别, 然后在同质像元之间进行加权干涉相位滤波, 以保证中心像元在滤波过程中不受周边非同质像元干扰。基于真实干涉SAR图像的实验结果表明, 与经典Goldstein滤波及Lee滤波相比, 该滤波方法在目视效果、相位残差点数量及相位导数标准差3个指标上具有优势, 实现滤波器的设计初衷。     

一种改进的InSAR干涉图复数空间自适应滤波

阐述合成孔径干涉雷达(InSAR)干涉条纹图的频率域和空间域滤波的算法及其优点与不足,着重分析复数空间自适应滤波的算法原理,提出2点改进:增加45°方向和135°方向的梯度计算及根据干涉图相干系数确定条纹边缘的尺度函数,从而进一步改善权系数.以模拟数据和我国香港及意大利Etna火山2地的真实干涉图数据为例,用本文方法与空间自适应滤波、Lee滤波、基于信噪比的Goldstein方法、最优化方向融合方法进行比较.实验结果表明:改进算法能够根据噪声强弱相应地控制滤波的强弱,既能更好地抑制相位噪声,又能较好地保持条纹边缘信息,模拟干涉图和香港干涉图残余点改善率分别提高18.6％和17.2％,表现出更强的局部自适应性.     

四向加权最小二乘法相位解缠研究

相位解缠是干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)成像的关键步骤之一.首先采用正余弦均值滤波法去除InSAR图像噪声,然后提出一种改进的最小二乘法,即四向加权最小二乘法,应用该算法进行相位解缠实验.实验结果表明, 正余弦均值滤波法不仅对去除噪声非常有效,而且很好的保持了图像边缘信息;四向加权最小二乘法比现有的两向最小二乘法相位解缠更接近真实解缠相位.     

基于局部统计的自适应SAR图像去噪算法研究

合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像固有的相干斑噪声对图像质量有严重影响,使检测、识别等进一步应用受到很大限制.相干斑噪声是一种乘性噪声,传统的空域去噪算法(均值滤波、中值滤波)难以将其消除.针对SAR图像的去噪问题,本文研究了Lee滤波和Kuan滤波两种基于局部统计的自适应去噪算法,给出了MATLAB实现并在MSTAR的SAR图像上进行实验.结果表明,Lee滤波和Kuan滤波都能够有效抑制SAR图像的相干斑噪声,去噪图像更平滑,目标更清晰.与传统的均值滤波和中值滤波相比,这两种基于局部统计的自适应去噪算法在视觉效果、方差和等效视数等评价指标上取得更好效果.     

基于边缘方向改进的自适应窗口Lee滤波算法

为克服自适应窗口Lee滤波算法对图像边缘方向不敏感的弊端,提出了一种改进方法。其基本思路是先对图像纹理区进行分类,然后在方向上使用改进的四向模板获取方向窗口,分别对不同的方向使用不同的窗口增长方式对图像进行滤波。实验表明,改进后的算法相比传统算法在有效去除噪点的同时保存了大量的边缘与细节信息。     

一种改进的各向异性高斯滤波算法

为了抑制更好的抑制噪声保留边缘信息,提出了一种各向异性高斯滤波的改进方法,该方法先用中值滤波去除椒盐噪声,再利用灰度共生矩阵的惯性矩特征值调整滤波器的长轴尺度,实现各向异性高斯滤波.实验证明,本文所提出的改进方法,在噪声抑制和边缘保持方面优于各向异性高斯滤波器.     

基于小波包分析的InSAR干涉图滤波算法研究

论述了小波包分解和重构的基本理论以及利用小波包分析对信号进行消除噪声的基本方法.针对目前采用中值滤波方法和均值滤波方法的局限,提出了一种基于小波包分析的InSAR干涉相位图滤波算法以改善滤波效果,采用熵标准实现最佳分解.选取三峡地区的两幅相干图像进行滤波实验,实验结果是:采用中值滤波方法滤波后的残差点数为4 952点和86 058点,而采用小波包分析方法滤波的干涉相位的残差点数为524点和14 225点.图3,表1,参10.     

基于极化合成孔径雷达图像的斑点滤波方法

斑点噪声是由合成孔径雷达(SAR)的相干成像原理造成的固有缺陷,为了更好地进行SAR图像地形分类、目标检测等后续处理,提出一种用于极化SAR图像的滤波方法.该方法利用新的优化函数和约束条件,在保持图像功率等于Lee滤波功率的前提下,通过最小化信号子空间向量与原始向量的欧式距离,达到降斑的目的.实验结果表明: 利用旧金山地区的真实极化SAR数据,使用该方法滤波的图像结果与原有的子空间滤波器相比,更接近原始图像的均值,并且通过滤波提高了不同类别的目标在特征空间的区分度,从而有利于不同类型地物的分类.     

基于边缘特性的极化Lee滤波改进算法

针对极化Lee滤波因受到滤波窗尺寸影响,存在抑制相干斑与保留细节信息这一矛盾,提出了一种基于边缘特性的自适应窗改进滤波方法。通过比较不同尺寸邻域窗内边缘方向的变化情况,自适应地选择滤波窗尺寸。实验结果表明,该方法在有效抑制相干斑的同时,也能较好地保留图像细节信息,能有效克服Lee滤波的固定尺寸滤波窗这一限制。     

一种改进的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法

针对多传感器数据融合时传统卡尔曼滤波算法极易引起滤波发散,降低滤波精度和系统实时性的问题,研究一种改进的自适应滤波算法对多传感器数据进行融合,得到更为准确的信息数据。该算法在简化的Sage-Husa滤波基础上引入滤波收敛性判据,抑制滤波发散并提高滤波精度和稳定性。同时结合强跟踪滤波思想调整增益矩阵,使滤波器具有强跟踪滤波的特性,提高改进的滤波算法对不确定系统模型的鲁棒性以及对突变状态的滤波处理能力。将改进算法与传统卡尔曼滤波算法进行仿真比较。仿真结果表明,在系统模型参数失配或实变噪声未知情况下,改进的自适应滤波算法有更好的鲁棒性,并且在系统状态突变时仍有较好的滤波效果,明显提高了滤波精度和实时性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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