冶炼废渣中有价值金属的综合回收

首先采用硝酸与添加剂湿法分离产台炼废渣中的铜,铋和银等金属,然后用火法收集浸渣中的金,从而高效而又综合地回收了渣中各种有价值的金属。     

从废定影液中回收金属银实验的教学改革

设计沉淀灼烧法、铁片高温置换法、Na2S2O4还原法、NaBH4还原法和电解法从废定影液中回收金属银实验,让学生从实验结果中分析、判断、研究和选择其中的最佳方法。从而培养学生的动手能力、团结协作能力和分析事物的能力。     

水泥工业对工业废渣的综合利用

对钢渣、矿渣、镁渣、脱硫石膏、粉煤灰等工业废渣的性能及其在水泥生产中的利用进行综述,倡导水泥企业多进行该方面的研究与应用,为工业废渣的综合利用添砖加瓦。     

工业废渣面面观

介绍了工业废渣的概念、分类,具体全面的阐述了工业废渣的处置和处理利用。通过征地掩埋堆积如山的工业废渣的形式对彻底解决环境问题无疑于杯水车薪,只有变废为宝才是解决工业废渣环境污染问题的关键,同时也为能源利用的可持续发展提供了一个广阔的前景。     

有色冶金废渣中有价金属的回收探讨

有色冶金过程中会产生大量的废渣,这些废渣中通常含有较丰富的有价金属,一般为稀散金属或贵金属。有色冶金废渣中的有价金属如果没有进行有效的回收,任由其堆弃在露天环境,不仅会对我们的生态家园造成严重的污染,同时也是对金属资源的极大浪费,加大了有价金属资源的开采压力。因此,本文主要对有色金属废渣中的有价金属进行研究,探讨有价金属回收的有效策略。     

湿法分离回收铅冶炼废渣中铅、铜的研究

采用正交实验研究了湿法(酸浸取)分离回收铅冶炼废渣中铅、铜的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,在硝酸浓度为6 mol/L、浸取温度为60℃、时间为50 min、液固比为4的条件下,铅与铜的回收率分别达到了85.52%和89.65%.该工艺具有操作简便、经济、高效、无二次污染等优点,能产生较好的经济、环境和社会效益.     

试论有色冶金废渣中有价金属回收的技术实践

金属资源在人类社会发展中发挥着十分巨大的作用,它可以推动国民经济的发展。但是在生产过程中,会造成大量的浪费,严重制约到人类的可持续发展。针对这种情况,就需要深入研究有价金属回收技术,保护环境。本文简要分析了有色冶金废渣中有价金属回收的技术实践,希望可以提供一些有价值的参考意见。     

从生产废渣中回收钼的工艺研究

本文研究了碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的用量比，浸取时间，温度，液固比等因素对从废渣中回收钼的影响，通过正交试验确定了用碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠混合碱浸的工艺条件，浸取率可达89％。     

工业废渣中温烧结制品的工艺特性

本文介绍了利用废玻璃、粉煤灰和高炉渣,采用中温烧结法生产烧结制品的工艺过程,并分析了各工艺参数对制品性能的影响。     

Recovery of iron from copper slag by deep reduction and magnetic beneficiation

Aiming at recovering iron from high-iron-content copper slag, this article introduced a combination technology of deep reduction and magnetic beneficiation, investigated the iron recovery efficiency and optimized the technical conditions. When coke powder with 86wt% fixed carbon was used as a reductant, iron was successfully extracted from the copper slag. Under the optimized condition of the coke powder content of 14wt%, the calcium-to-silicon mass ratio (Ca/Si) of 0.2, the roasting temperature of 1300℃, the roasting time of 3 h, the grinding time of 20 min, and the magnetic field intensity of 61 kA·m?1, the iron recovery rate of the copper slag can reach 91.82%, and the extracted iron powder has an iron grade of 96.21%. With the characteristics of high iron grade and low impurity content, the extracted iron powder can be used as high-quality raw materials of weathering steel.     

工业废渣替代砂浆细集料的可行性研究

工业废渣替代水泥时,其替代率相对较小,为了大量使用工业废渣,本文采用常见的工业废渣粉(煤灰、锂渣和钢渣)替代砂浆中的细集料,探究工业废渣种类和替代率对砂浆力学和水化性能的影响。试验结果发现,砂浆的抗折/抗压强度在替代率分别为30%/30%(煤灰)、30%/30%(锂渣)和100%/70%(钢渣)时达到最高,比纯水泥砂浆分别高94.24%/82.56%、34.19%/36.20%和59.97%/40.84%。同时,适量的粉煤灰、锂渣和钢渣替代砂浆细集料后,也能提高砂浆的峰值应力和外载做功,增强砂浆的密实性。4种浆体的水化产物主要以CH、CSH和未水化颗粒为主,但未水化颗粒的种类和含量、CH和CSH的含量不同。对比发现,锂渣、粉煤灰和钢渣替代砂时的最佳用量是替代水泥时的3倍、4.5倍和15倍。因此,工业废渣替代砂浆细集料制备砂浆的方法是可行的,同时也为工业废渣在混凝土行业中的大量使用提供新思路。     

含铅废渣料还原造锍熔炼回收铅和银工艺

针对铅锌冶炼企业产出大量含铅固体废弃物难以环保经济回收的难题,提出从多种含铅废料中回收二次铅的还原造锍熔炼新工艺.在热力学计算的基础上,进行以铅膏、铅渣、铅烟灰和黄铁矿烧渣的设计混合料为熔炼对象,以氧化铁为固硫剂,焦粉为还原剂,苏打和芒硝作为添加剂的工艺实验,研究熔炼过程中各影响因素对铅和银直收率的影响.得到优化的工艺条件：FeO/SiO2质量比为1.10,CaO/SiO2质量比为0.30,添加剂组成中Na2 CO3/Na2 SO4质量比为7：3,焦粉用量为含铅物料质量的15%,熔炼时间为2 h,熔炼温度为1200益.在此条件下综合实验中铅直收率为85.95%,银直收率为83.15%.新工艺具有固硫、综合利用和一步炼铅的优点.     

用AC法从高锑低银类铅阳极泥中回收银和铅

用AC法处理高锑低银类铅阳极泥,其氯化浸出渣经转化脱氯、硅氟酸浸铅、氨水浸银和水合肼还原,得到含Ag大于95%的银粉,铅以硅氟酸铅溶液返回电解精炼.在V苏打溶液/m浸出渣=4mL/g,n苏打实=1.6n苏打理,转化时间为4h及温度为80℃的最佳转化条件下,铅、银、氯的平均转化率为91.42%;在V(H2SiF6)/m浸出渣=4mL/g,浸出时间为1h,温度为50～60℃的最佳浸铅条件下,硅氟酸浸铅率为85.74%～86.07%,硝酸浸铅率大于95%;在浸银过程中,银的浸出率约为94.0%,沉银率约为98.0%.在整个工艺中,银的直收率及总回收率分别为93.63%及98.80%,铅直收率为85.91%,总回收率98.99%.     

Recovery of copper from copper slag using a microbial fuel cell and characterization of its electrogenesis

The microbial fuel cell, which can convert the chemical energy of organic matter into electricity via the catalytic action of microorganisms, is a novel environmentally friendly technology for wastewater treatment and energy generation. The electrical energy generated by the microbial fuel cell can be used as an alternative to a traditional external power source required to extract copper via electrolytic treatment. A dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (DMFC) for the treatment of copper slag sulfuric acid leach liquor was constructed. The electrogenesis performance of the DMFC and its ability to extract copper from the copper slag leachate were investigated. The results demonstrated that the maximum voltage was 540 mV when the DMFC achieved steady-state operation. The removal rate of copper ions was greater than 80.0%, and the maximum value was 92.1%. Moreover, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the cathodal products. The results showed that the product deposited onto the cathode was copper and that its morphology was similar to that of the electrolytic copper powder. The DMFC can generate electricity and recover copper from copper slag simultaneously.     

Recovery of iron and calcium aluminate slag from high-ferrous bauxite by high-temperature reduction and smelting process

A high-temperature reduction and smelting process was used to recover iron and calcium aluminate slag from high-ferrous bauxite. The effects of w(CaO)/w(SiO₂) ratio, anthracite ratio, and reduction temperature and time on the recovery and size of iron nuggets and on the Al₂O₃ grade of the calcium aluminate slag were investigated through thermodynamic calculations and experiments. The optimized process conditions were the bauxite/anthracite/slaked lime weight ratio of 100:16.17:59.37, reduction temperature of 1450°C and reduction time of 20 min. Under these conditions, high-quality iron nuggets and calcium aluminate slag were obtained. The largest size and the highest recovery rate of iron nuggets were 11.42 mm and 92.79wt%, respectively. The calcium aluminate slag mainly comprised Ca₂SiO₄ and Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃, with small amounts of FeAl₂O₄, CaAl₂O₄, and Ca₂Al₂SiO₇.     

新型精炼合成渣的高效脱硫研究

本文开发了一种预熔型精炼合成渣,具有高碱度低熔点的特性,实验室条件下,平均脱硫率为84.5%.在工业实验中,根据钢种出钢要求,设计了分钢种的加料方案.实验结果表明,本精炼渣可以达到100%出钢化渣率,精炼时间缩短了11min.与原工业渣系相比,使用本精炼渣后,VD前钢中氧和氮含量分别降低了7×10-6和12×10-6,VD后钢中氧和氮含量分别降低了5×10-6和15×10-6.脱硫率也得到了大幅提高,从电炉出钢至VD后吊包的脱硫率为92%,最低硫含量达到30×10-6.     

废弃光盘银的提取

分析了废弃光盘中各金属含量,以NaClO对废弃光盘中银提取的方法,使反射层和盘基分离;再以锌粒还原,提取出单质银,实现了盘基及银的回收利用。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of xonotlite from carbide slag

Carbide slag was used as the calcareous materials for the first time to prepare xonotlite via dynamic hydrothermal synthesis. The effects of influential factors including different calcination temperatures, pretreatment methods of the carbide slag and process parameters of hydrothermal synthesis on the microstructure and morphology of xonotlite were explored using XRD and SEM techniques. The results indicate that the carbide slag after proper calcination could be used to prepare pure xonotlite; and different calcination temperatures have little effect on the crystallinity of synthesized xonotlite, but have great impact on the morphology of secondary particles. The different pretreatment methods of the carbide slag pose great impact on the crystallinity and morphology of secondary particles of xonotlite. Xonotlite was also synthesized from pure CaO under the same experimental conditions as that prepared from calcined carbide slag for comparison. Little amount of impurities in carbide slag has no effect on the mechanism of hydrothermal synthesizing xonotlite from carbide slag.     

用杂银为原料生产高纯硝酸银工艺

对以杂银为原料经化学分离，提纯制成高纯银粉，再进一步生产出试剂级和高纯级硝酸银的工艺原理，方法，流程和经济效益进行了分析，探讨，该法对中小企业开发有关产品有一定的参考价值。