大变形动力固结问题系统方程及其变分原理

基于动力荷载作用下地基土变形规律,提出了大变形动力固结及其数值建模问题．在构筑大变形动力固结问题系统方程表达形式的基础上,构建了基于瞬时最小势能分析的场耦合机理变分原理．引用广义变分原理的思想,证明了基于拉格朗日乘子所表达的大变形动力固结问题系统方程及其变分函数,使得孔隙水压力场变分成为无约束变分泛函．通过高阶拉格朗日乘子法的应用,消除了本构方程对有效应力场变分泛函的约束作用,使得动力固结有效应力场的变分泛函成为真实的三变量完全广义变分原理．     

Ekeland变分原理的推广

将Ekeland变分原理中的广义实值泛函推广为向量值函数,得到了一个形式上和Ekeland变分原理相同的向量值函数的Ekeland变分原理.     

基于Chandrasekharaiah广义线性理论的热压电力学的耦合广义变分原理

系统推导了热压电力学的变分原理。若应用传统的拉氏乘子法,由于会出现临界变分现象,不能得到本文的结果。本文指出临界变分是拉氏乘子的固有特性,半反推法是克服临界变分的有效途径之一。应用半反推法,根据Ｃｈａｎｄｒａｓｅｋｈａｒａｉａｈ关于压电材料的广义线性弹性理论,直接从控制方程及边初值条件,得到了经典意义上的一个耦合广义变分原理。本文的理论将给有限元方法、无单元方法及一些变分直接方法（如Ｒｉｔｚ法,Ｔ     

集值映射型广义Ekeland变分原理

在序拓扑向量空间中定义了集合的非线性标量化函数,
 并证明了它的一些性质. 利用集合的非线性标量化函数, 给出了关于集值映射的广义Ekela
nd变分原理, 此变分原理是向量形式广义Ekland变分原理的推广.     

旋转圆柱面叶栅内不可压缩流动杂交命题的变分原理与广义变分原理

本文分别以两类通用函数(角函数和矩函数)为自变函数,建立了旋转圆柱面叶栅内不可压缩流动A、B、C三类杂交命题的变分原理与广义变分原理,旨在为应用有限元法等有力工具来设计轴流式水力机械叶片提供理论基础。     

弹性力学广义变分原理的应用条件

研究了在弹性力学的三类变量广义变分原理中 ,变量σij,εij和ui 是否独立 ,是否包含了应力应变关系 .指出了在应用广义变分原理时应满足下列条件 :泛函中的应变能用应变表示 ,应变余能用应力表示 ;在用广义变分原理求实际问题的近似解时 ,三类变量的试探函数可以独立选择 ,但各类变量之间应不违背力学基本关系 .     

论弹性力学广义变分原理的临界变分状态

本文集中研究弹性力学变分原理中的临界变分状态,指出它的三种表现,并提出一个带预处理的修正拉氏乘子法来排除之。文中用它成功地导出了胡海昌－鹫津广义变分原理（简记作“Ｈ－Ｗ原理”）和由Ｈｅｌｌｉｎｇｅｒ－Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ亚广义变分原理（简记作“Ｈ－Ｒ”原理）广而得到的另二条广义变分原理,于是,拉氏乘子法的潜力得以更充分发挥,适用范围得以拓广。     

更一般的杂交广义变分原理及有限元模型

根据钱伟长教授对广义变分原理的研究,本文讨论了拉格朗日乘子法及罚函数法在建立广义变分原理中的应用,给出了适用于有限元法中的更广义杂交变分原理。 根据新的杂交广义变分原理建立了新的广义杂交元,并以变厚度薄板弯曲板单元为例,讨论了新的杂交广义变分原理的应用。     

完全的广义变分原理在分析动力学中的应用

本文提出并证明了分析动力学中的各级不完全的广义变分原理和一个完全的广义变分原理.文中首次把开关函数应用于变分原理,使论述简洁明了.在这些变分原理中,动力学方程、初始位置条件、终了位置条件和几何约束条件,全部或者部分地不是事先必须满足的,即它们已成为变分原理的自然条件,因此给试函数的设计和分析力学的变分计算提供了一种新的有效的方法.     

基于分区广义变分原理的板壳单元

考察了分区广义变分原理在构造板壳有限元中的应用、由于放松了单元交界上的连续性要求，用分区广义变分原理构造的板壳单元，不仅具有自由度少，计算工作量小的优点，而且有效地改善了单元的收敛性能，提高了有限元解的精度。算例表明，分区广义变分原理在板壳有限元中有良好的应用前景。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that