Synergistic effect of Al and Gd on enhancement of mechanical properties of magnesium alloys

The effect of Gd/Al ratio on the properties of as-cast Mg-Gd-Al-Zn alloys was investigated by changing the chemical composition from that of AZ61 to GZ61. At the ratio of 1, the Al2Gd phase becomes predominant and Mg17Al12 is hardly seen in the microstructure. As a potent inoculant, the Al2Gd phase resulted in intense grain refinement and enhancement of strength, ductility and toughness. For instance, the tensile strength and elongation to failure of Mg-3Gd-3Al-1Zn alloy were enhanced by ~4% and 180% compared with those of AZ61 alloy, respectively. However, at high Gd/Al ratios, the Al2Gd phase was replaced by (Mg,Al)3Gd and Mg5Gd phases and very large grain sizes were achieved, which led to poor tensile properties and the appearance of cleavage facets on the fracture surfaces. Therefore, it can be deduced that the presence of Gd and Al, in appropriate amounts to reach Gd/Al ratio of ~ 1, is required for the achievement of grain refinement, good ductility, high strength, and the appearance of ductile fracture surfaces in the Mg-Gd-Al-Zn system. Conclusively, the Mg-Gd-Al-Zn alloys can be considered as a new class of structural magnesium alloy and it is superior to both AZ (Mg-Al-Zn) and GZ (Mg-Gd-Zn) series of alloys.     

Hydrothermal synthesis and corrosion behavior of the protective coating on Mg-2Zn-Mn-Ca-Ce alloy

Protective coatings were synthesized on the Mg-2Zn-Mn-Ca-CeMg alloy through the hydrothermal method with de-ionized water as the reagent. The coatings were composed of Mg hydroxide, generally uniform and compact.Hydrogen evolution tests and electrochemical tests in the Hanks' solution demonstrated that the Mg(OH)_2coatings effectively decreased the bio-degradation rate of the Mg alloy substrate. Microstructure observation showed that the coating formation on the secondary phases was more difficult than that on the α-Mg matrix,which led to micro cracks and pores on the secondary phases after drying. Over synthesizing time, the coating layer on secondary phases gradually becomes more compact and uniform. Meanwhile, owing to the thicker and more compact coatings, the corrosion resistance and protective efficiency were significantly improved with longer synthesizing time as well.     

Effects of Ce-rich RE on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd alloy with duplex structure

The effects of Ce-rich RE on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd-x RE(x = 0, 1, 2, 3 wt%) alloys were investigated. The results indicated that the as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd alloy mainly consisted of α-Mg, β-Li, AlLi, MgLi2 Al and Al2 Nd phases. With the addition of Ce-rich RE in the alloy,Al3 RE and Al2 RE phases generated and gradually grew into net-like or block-like structure. With the addition of RE, Al-RE phases generated by consuming Al element and, thus, less Al element was dissolved in the matrix and less AlLi phase formed. Furthermore, less AlLi phase means that more Li element released to cause the increase ofβ-Li phase and refine the α-Mg phase. Under the influence of these factors, adding more RE led to higher elongation and lower tensile strength and hardness. With the addition of Ce-rich RE, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd alloy gradually decreased from 180 to 152 MPa and from 215 to 193 MPa, respectively, while the elongation was remarkably improved from 21.1% to 40.2%.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite coating on the surface of medical magnesium alloy and its corrosion resistance

The early corrosion control of biomedical magnesium alloy is an important measure to determine its good performance during implantation into human body. The deposition of calcium phosphate biological coating is the most effective solution at present. In this paper, hydroxyapatite (HAP) coating was hydrothermal synthesized on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy, and the influence mechanism of hydrothermal synthesis temperature, time and solution concentration was investigated. The synthesis conditions and deposition mechanism of hydroxyapatite coating without DCPA (CaHPO₄) were proposed. The surface morphology of the coating was observed by field emission electron scanning microscope (FESEM). The types and contents of microelements in the material were analyzed by energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the functional group information of the coating surface. The corrosion resistance of different experimental groups was studied by electrochemical test. The results showed that when the calcium phosphate solution concentration was 0.1 ?mol/L and the calcium/phosphorus ratio was 1.67, the coating had better morphology structure and corrosion resistance, and the calcium/phosphorus ratio of HAP crystals reached 1.58, the epit of the prepared AZ31B-HAP coating by bare metal increased from ?1.51 ?V to ?1.18 ?V, the impedance value reached 1.0 ?× ?10⁵ ?Ω?cm², and the early corrosion of magnesium alloy substrate was effectively delayed.     

氯离子对AZ91镁合金微生物腐蚀的影响

摘 要：本文研究了Cl-对AZ91镁合金微生物腐蚀的影响。硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)在镁合金表面形成生物膜,能够对Cl-穿透生物膜到达金属表面起到阻挡作用。随着Cl- 浓度的增加,镁合金在含菌培养基中的平均腐蚀速度逐渐增加,腐蚀电位逐渐降低。当含菌培养基中的Cl-浓度小于1.5g/l时,Cl-对镁合金微生物腐蚀的影响不大;当Cl-浓度大于1.5g/l时,微生物生物膜的存在显著地降低了镁合金对Cl-的腐蚀敏感性。     

Sn对AZ61镁合金腐蚀与电化学性能的影响

研究了Sn元素对AZ61镁合金阳极材料显微组织及其在3.5%的氯化钠溶液中的电化学性能和腐蚀速率.结果表明：Sn元素的加入抑制了β相的析出,生成了新的第二相,数量随着Sn含量的增加而增多;Sn元素的加入提高了AZ61镁合金阳极活性,改善了镁合金的电化学性能,随着Sn含量的增加,合金的自腐蚀电位负移,腐蚀速率稍有增加,恒电流放电电位负移,当Sn含量为3%时,AZ61-Sn镁合金阳极材料电化学综合性能明显优于AP65镁合金.     

Sn对Mg-5Zn-2.5Al合金微观组织与性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、万能试验机等分析测试设备研究了Sn对Mg-5Zn-2.5Al-xSn(x=0,1,2,3,4)(ZAT52x)合金组织结构及力学性能的影响.采用Thermo-Calc热力学软件计算了ZAT52x(x=0,2,4)3种合金在Scheil模型条件下液相质量分数与温度的关系以及凝固过程中的相变反应....     

Nd对AJ61镁合金微观组织及腐蚀性能的影响

采用真空熔炼、氩气保护的方法制备了AJ61-xNd镁合金,研究了稀土元素Nd对AJ61镁合金微观组织的影响规律.采用静态失重法、极化曲线法研究了AJ61-xNd镁合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.实验结果表明:随着Nd的加入,合金中出现Al2Nd、Al3Nd新相,合金晶粒得到细化,当Nd的质量分数为0.5%时合金晶粒最细.稀土元素Nd的加入显著降低了AJ61合金的腐蚀速度和腐蚀电流,提高了AJ61镁合金的平衡电位和腐蚀电位,显著改善了合金的耐腐蚀性能.在本实验范围内,当Nd质量分数为0.5%时,实验合金的耐腐蚀性能最好.     

Hydrogen storage performances of the as-milled REMg11Ni (RE = Sm, Y) alloys catalyzed by CeO2

The addition of catalysts and rare earth elements is considered to be very effective methods to enhance the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation properties of Mg and Mg-based hydrides. In this paper, the REMg11 Ni+ 5 wt%CeO_2(RE = Sm, Y)(named REMg11 Ni-5 CeO_2(RE = Sm, Y)) alloys were fabricated through ball milling. The phase composition and structure of the as-milled alloys were investigated in detail. The isothermal hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of the as-milled alloys were measured by using an automatically Sievert apparatus. Non-isothermal dehydrogenation performance of the alloys was investigated by thermogravimetry(TG) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) at different heating rates. The results revealed that all the asmilled alloys were the nanocrystalline and amorphous structure. The RE = Y alloy had a faster hydriding rate and a lower onset hydrogen desorption temperature than the RE = Sm alloy. The superior property of the RE= Y alloy depended on the decrease of the dehydrogenation activation energy. By means of the measurement of Pressure-Composition-Isotherm(P-C-T) curves, the thermodynamic parameters of the REMg11 Ni-5 CeO_2(RE =Sm, Y) alloys were calculated, and the dehydrogenation enthalpy change was 74.86 k J/mol for the RE = Sm alloy and 73.75 k J/mol for the RE = Y alloy, respectively.     

AM60B镁合金微弧氧化膜的电化学腐蚀行为

在硅酸盐体系中对AM60B镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,采用循环伏安(CV)法、Tafel极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究膜层在3.5% NaCl介质中的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明:AM60B镁合金经微弧氧化处理后,膜层耐蚀性得以显著提高.相比低电压下的膜层,高电压下获得膜层微孔略大,但微孔数量明显较少,厚度显著增加,这使得膜层在整个腐蚀过程中呈现了极强的电阻性和优异的耐蚀能力,甚至测试结束时腐蚀介质仍未渗透至膜基面,而低电压下处理得到的膜层,腐蚀介质已渗透至膜基面且侵蚀了基体.     

Al2O3对镁合金阴极电泳涂层耐磨耐蚀性的影响分析

为改善镁合金有机电泳涂层耐磨性能,通过硅烷偶联剂改性陶瓷粉体,并将陶瓷粉体充分分散于电泳漆中制得镁合金阴极电泳复合涂层,用铅笔硬度、摩擦磨损测试系统、画圈附着力方法、氯离子腐蚀试验、分别评价比较了阴极电泳涂层和加粉体后复合涂层的硬度、附着力、耐蚀性和耐磨性能。结果表明：硅烷改性Al2O3粉体的阴极电泳有机无机复合涂层厚度与不加粉体的相当,粉体的加入不会改变涂层与基体的附着力和耐蚀性,但可以增加涂层的硬度,极大地提高涂层的耐磨性。     

Effect of rare earth elements on the microstructure and property for magnesium alloy AM60B

The effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy AM60B alloy were studied. Different proportions of rare earth elements were added to AM60B and the tensile tests were carried out under different temperatures. The experimental results show that at room temperature the tensile strength of AM60B can be improved with the addition of rare earth elements. The ductility of which at room or elevated temperature (120℃) can also be improved, and the ductility is to some extent in proportion with the amount of rare earth elements. The ductility at 120℃ is better than that at room temperature. The microstructure graphs demonstrate that appropriate amount of rare earth elements (0.1%-0.2%, mass fraction) can fine AM60B's grain and improve its ductility.     

电化学法研究自来水中几种缓蚀剂及其复配物对AZ91D镁合金的缓蚀作用

采用电化学方法,研究了硫脲、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、聚天冬氨酸（PASP）及它们的复配物在自来水中对AZ91D镁合金的缓蚀性能。结果表明：聚天冬氧酸和硫脲复配比其它组合缓蚀剂的效果好,20℃时,在实验范围内,当体系添加这两种物质浓度分别为0．05g／L,添加总量为0．1g／L时．缓蚀率达到了81．7％,     

镁合金等离子喷 Al/Al2 O3涂层配比及参数优化

用等离子弧在 AZ31镁合金表面喷涂 Al＋Al2 O3粉末,制备 Al／Al2 O3复合材料涂层。观察分析不同粉末配比时涂层的划痕试验结果、SEM 照片以及 XRD 衍射数据,确定 Al＋Al2 O3的合理配方。通过正交试验设计,分别对涂层密度、显微硬度和沉积率等指标进行分析,最后确定制备复合材料涂层的最优工艺参数。     

6063铝合金阳极氧化膜腐蚀性能的正交试验研究

用硫酸直流阳极氧化法对6063铝合金表面进行处理。采用正交试验研究方法探索腐蚀时间、温度和腐蚀液浓度对氧化膜抗蚀性能的影响,运用极差分析法对6063铝合金的腐蚀增重量和最大腐蚀深度进行了分析。结果表明:在铜加速乙酸盐雾环境下,时间对腐蚀的影响最强,温度及盐溶液浓度的影响均较小。合金的阳极氧化膜主要以点蚀为主,在72h、35℃、3%盐溶液浓度条件下,最大蚀坑深度达180.79μm,而原样则是以均匀腐蚀为主,可见与点蚀相比,阳极氧化膜对于均匀腐蚀的改善作用更明显。     

Effects of rare earth elements on the microstructureand properties of magnesium alloy AZ91D

The effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy AZ91D alloy were studied. The different proportion of rare earth elements was added to the AZ91D and the tensile tests were carried out at different temperatures. The experimental results show that at room temperature or at 120℃ the AZ91D's strength decrease with the increasing amount of the rare earth elements. However, the ductility is improved. The influence of 0.14%Sb (mass fraction) on the AZ91D's strength is like that of rare earth elements (0.2%-0.4%) (mass fraction). Microstructure graphs demonstrate that appropriate amount of rare earth elements (0.1%-0.2%) can fine AZ91D's grain and improve its ductility.     

Surface characteristics and corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium alloy ZK60 modifi ed by Fe ion implantati on and deposition

The ZK60 magnesium alloy has been modified by Fe ion implantation and deposition with a metal vapor vacuum arc plasma source. The surface morphology, phase constituent and elemental distribution are determined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and Auger electron spectroscopy. The results show that Fe thin film is deposited on ZK60 alloy and the corresponding thickness increases from 2.73 μm to 6.36 μm with increasing deposition time. A transition layer mainly composed of Mg, Fe and O elements is formed between Fe thin film and ZK60 substrate. The potentiodynamic polarization tests reveal that a high corrosion potential and a low corrosion current density are detected for the Fe deposited ZK60 alloy, indicating the improvement of corrosion resistance. The tensile deformation test indicates that the Fe deposited film on the ZK60 substrate can sustain 1% tensile strain without any cracks.     

Mg-7Sn-Zn(Y)合金的显微组织、时效硬化行为及力学性能

研究了Zn和Y合金化对Mg-7Sn合金显微组织、时效硬化行为和力学性能的影响.铸态Mg-7Sn合金主要由α-Mg和共晶(α-Mg+Mg₂Sn)相组成.Zn添加细化了Mg₂Sn相的尺寸,促进了Mg₂Sn相大量、均匀的弥散分布,同时诱导了Mg₂Sn相的非基面析出,增强了合金时效硬化效果.合金时效峰值硬度从64.6 HV增大到69.7 HV,峰值时效时间从166 h缩小至142 h.Zn和Y元素共同添加形成了针状MgSnY相,有效缩短了合金的时效峰值时间(由166 h缩短至120 h),但合金的峰值硬度略有降低,Mg-7Sn-1Zn合金具有最佳的力学性能,其高力学性能主要归结为细小、高体积分数Mg₂Sn相的析出强化.     

Ameliorating mechanical properties and reducing anisotropy of as-extruded Mg-1.0Sn-0.5Ca alloy via Al addition

Effects of Al addition to a Mg–Sn–Ca ternary alloy on its microstructure and tensile properties after extrusion were studied via extrusion of Mg-1.0 Sn-0.5 Ca-x Al(x = 0, 0.8, 2.4 wt%) sheets and analysis of the extruded materials.The results showed that Al addition not only refined the grain size(from 9.8 ± 0.7 μm to 8.3 ± 0.4 μm and7.6 ± 0.5 μm) but also accelerated the generation of more second phase(from 0.98 to 1.72 and 4.32%). Except for the CaMgSn and Mg₂Ca in Mg-1.0Sn-0.5 Ca a...     

Microstructure and texture evolution of Mg-3Zn-1Al magnesium alloy during large-strain electroplastic rolling

Large-strain deformation by single electroplastic rolling (EPR) was imposed on AZ31 magnesium alloy strips. During EPR at low temperature (150-250℃), numerous twins formed in the alloy. After EPR at a high temperature (350℃), the number of twins reduced and some dynamic recrystallization (DRX) grains formed at grain boundaries and twinned regions. The synergic thermal and athermal effects generated by electropulsing, which promoted dislocation motion, induced a few small DRX grains, and ductile bandings were mainly responsible for large-strain deformation during EPR. The inclination angle of the basal pole stemmed from the counterbalance of the inclination direction of the basal pole between the DRX grains and deformed coarse grains.