Mg-Y-Zn-Zr合金的显微组织和力学性能

对Mg-9Y-3Zn-0.5Zr和Mg-3Y-3zn-0.5Zr 2种含Y镁合金的铸态,均匀化退火态和挤压态的显微组织及常温和高温力学性能进行研究,探讨稀土元素Y对这2种合金组织及力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:Y元素含量高的1号合金相对于2号合金的晶粒组织明显细小,并且抗拉强度也有所增加,但提高幅度有限;在高温下,镁合金的塑性较优,发生韧性断裂;钇合金于390℃热挤压后其显微组织中发生了再结晶,且含Y量较高的1号合金的再结晶晶粒较小,说明钇对再结晶有阻碍作用.     

挤压变形对Mg-2.5Zn-0.5Ca合金组织与性能的影响

通过真空感应熔炼铸造法制备Mg-2.5Zn-0.5Ca合金,并对该合金铸态和挤压态试样分别进行显微组织、力学性能及断口形貌的对比分析.结果表明:经挤压变形后该合金发生动态再结晶,晶粒及Ca2Mg6Zn3沉淀相得到显著细化.挤压后屈服强度达222MPa,增大幅度高达204%,抗拉强度提高到291MPa.延伸率从铸态的11.5%上升至26%,经挤压变形后合金的断裂机制发生由脆性向韧性的转变,Ca2Mg6Zn3沉淀相为该合金的主要强化相.     

钨钼室温脆性的研究

对不同实验条件下制备的钨和钼的试样作扫描电镜、透射电镜和俄歇电子能谱分析。断口形貌分析表明,在室温下烧结态和再结晶态的断口呈典型的晶间脆性断裂,低形变及再结晶试样为晶间脆断和穿晶解理的混合型断裂,高度形变的试样断口呈纤维状韧性断裂特征,是纤维束撕裂、分层,而后单个纤维出现缩颈、微孔合并所致。在10~(-9)Torr高真空度下对新鲜断口作俄歇电子能谱分析证实,间隙杂质磷、氧和碳是钨的主要晶界杂质,而钾、氧和碳则在掺杂钨的晶界明显富集,可以确认这些在晶界大量富集的杂质是削弱晶界强度,造成钨钼室温脆性的基本原因.文中还分析了晶粒结构和亚结构对室温脆性的影响。     

挤压比对AZ31B镁合金组织和室温力学性能的影响

研究了不同挤压比对AZ31B镁合金显微组织?力学性能的影响?采用光学显微镜观察了挤压棒材显微组织,通过材料万能试验测试了拉伸和压缩性能,并配合扫描电镜观察了拉伸试样的断口处显微组织和形貌?结果表明,随着挤压比的增加,组织由部分动态再结晶向完全动态再结晶过渡;合金拉伸断口由混合断裂转变为明显韧性断裂,压缩断口由解理断裂转变为准解理断裂?大挤压比可以获得良好的综合性能和细致均匀的组织,抗拉强度为310MPa,屈服强度为200MPa,延伸率为14%,并且拉伸压缩不对称性得到缓解,有利于镁合金的二次塑性加工?     

410S铁素体不锈钢的静态再结晶行为

通过不同温度-时间的再结晶实验,研究热轧态铁素体不锈钢410S的再结晶行为.结果表明,对于竹节状铁素体+马氏体(质量分数约30%)的410S热轧态变形组织,为防止马氏体的再度出现以及加快再结晶过程的综合考虑,其最佳再结晶退火温度为780~800℃.在此温度下所发生的再结晶,均有一个2~5 h的孕育期,当再结晶体积分数达到50%时,结晶速度达到最大.与试样内部相比,热轧态410S板材的再结晶晶粒更易于在表面形成.经过再结晶的410S硬度从初始的86.5 HRB下降到66.5 HRB,硬度降低25%.     

TZ20钛合金的疲劳行为及其机制研究

金属及合金的疲劳性能和疲劳行为是影响其长期安全服役的一个重要的因素。本文主要研究了锻造态和退火态Ti-20Zr-6.5Al-4V(简称TZ20)的疲劳行为和疲劳机制。XRD结果表明,锻造态和退火态两种状态的TZ20合金均由α相和β相组成。微观组织分析表明,虽然两种状态下该合金都呈现出典型的网篮组织特征,但是其各相含量及其晶粒尺寸有较大的区别。疲劳实验结果表明,锻造态和退火态合金的条件疲劳极限σ0.1(107)分别为623 MPa和572 MPa。疲劳断口分析表明,锻造试样疲劳断口具有多个疲劳裂纹源,而退火试样的疲劳断口只有一个疲劳裂纹源。     

高挤压比下挤压工艺对AZ31B镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了高挤压比条件下挤压温度、速度对AZ31B镁合金微观组织、力学性能的影响。采用光学显微镜观察了显微组织,拉伸试验测试了力学性能,并配合扫描电镜观察了拉伸试样的断口形貌。结果表明,高挤压比条件下,动态再结晶较为充分,少量晶粒长大,混晶组织消失。低温、高速挤压有助于晶粒细化,并使晶粒尺寸分布均匀,因而可获得高的抗拉强度、屈服强度以及良好的塑性。350 ℃,2 m/min条件下挤压,试样抗拉强度与延伸率最高,为336.5 MPa与 23%。低温、高速下的挤压试样的拉伸断口韧窝较深且细密,呈现明显的韧性断裂特征,而高温、低速的断口为混合断裂。     

IF钢生产过程中的织构演变

对IF钢生产过程中热轧、冷轧及退火试样的织构演变进行研究.分别借助EBSD和XRD测定和计算了热轧、退火及冷轧试样的取向分布函数及相关织构组分的体积分数.结果发现,热轧板在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,晶粒为细小的等轴晶,为后续组织发展提供了基础;热轧后试样中的织构很弱,不会影响冷轧织构组分及含量.冷轧过程是织构形成的主要过程,试样中含有4种主要的织构组分:{001}〈110〉、{111｝〈110〉、{111}〈112〉和{112}〈110〉.退火过程中发生再结晶,4种冷轧织构组分在退火过程中均分别转变为{111｝面织构.     

轧制工艺对8090合金超塑变形的影响

研究了350℃热轧和室温冷轧对8090合金超塑性的影响。变形结果表明,热轧态的8090 合金的最佳延伸率为530％,而冷轧的达到630％。透射电镜观察及晶界角度测量结果表明,冷轧试样获得了较小尺寸的位错胞,在超塑变形初期冷轧试样中的应变诱发再结晶比热轧的快。在δ=25％时,冷轧试样的大角度晶界(≥10°)分数为0.67。而热轧的只有0.48。研究指出,应变诱发再结晶对细化晶粒和提高大角度晶界分数的作用明显地影响合金的超塑性能。     

轧制工艺对8090合金超塑变形的影响

研究了350℃热轧和室温冷轧对8090合金超塑性的影响,变形结果表明,热轧态的8090合金的最佳延伸率为530％,而冷轧的达到630％,透射电镜观察及晶界角度测量结果表明,冷轧试样获得了较小尺寸的位错胞,在超塑变形初期冷轧试样中的应变诱发再结晶比热轧的快,在δ=25％时,冷轧试样的大角度晶界(≥10℃)分数为0.67,而热轧的只有0.48,研究指出,应变诱发再结晶细化晶粒和提高大角度晶界分数的作用明显地影响合金的超塑性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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