从南海红树内生真菌No.2533分离出新的异香豆素

海洋微生物的研究是一个新兴的巨大领域，发展很快，取得了丰硕成果．红树林海洋真菌是海洋微生物的重要组成部分，大部分海洋微生物都可在红树林中找到．但是，至今国际上对红树林微生物特别是真菌生物学研究较多而对其活性物质研究则很少．近年来，作者等首先在国内开展对南海红树林真菌包括内生真菌活性物质的研究，已分离出一大批结构新颖的，有很好生理活性的化合物［１～３］. ２５３３号菌是从南海红树ａｖｉｃｅｎｎｉａ嫩叶获得的一种内生真菌，其代谢产物很丰富，从它的培养液中分离出很多有意义的化合物，其中异香豆素ａｖｉｃｅ…     

红树林来源内生真菌活性产物研究进展

红树林植物是生长于热带和亚热带海岸和河口潮间带的木本植物群落,海陆边缘生态 系统的独特生境使得红树林来源内生真菌具有独特的遗传背景和代谢途径,蕴藏着结构新颖、活 性显著的次级代谢产物。本文综述了近年来红树林来源内生真菌代谢产物的结构特点及抗肿瘤、 抗炎和抗菌等生物学功能的研究进展,以期为红树内生真菌来源新型天然药物的开发提供参考。     

红树林来源真菌生物碱类天然产物研究进展

海洋天然产物在药物开发方面一直发挥着非常重要的作用。红树林作为特殊的生态系统,蕴含着丰富的微生物资源,是新型药物先导化合物发现的优质天然资源宝库。红树林来源真菌生物碱通常结构新颖,生物活性显著,是理想的新药先导化合物,具有良好的研究和应用价值。近年来,红树林来源真菌生物碱类天然产物研究日益发展,本文根据生物碱的不同来源,按照鸟氨酸系、色氨酸系、苯丙氨酸系、邻氨基苯甲酸系、二酮哌嗪类以及其他类生物碱进行分类,总结了2015-2021年红树林来源真菌中挖掘到的116个新颖的生物碱类次级代谢产物及其生物活性,拟为红树林来源真菌生物碱类次级代谢产物的研究提供参考。     

植物叶片真菌病害生物防治的研究进展

植物叶片真菌病害已制约农作物、经济作物、药用植物的高产、稳产和优质，随着人们对无污染、无公害绿色食品呼声的日益提高，生物防治已成为叶片真菌病害防治的重要防治手段。本文根据近几年国内外对植物叶片真菌病害生物防治的研究情况，综述了植物叶片真菌病害生物防治中生防菌的种类和应用，包括真菌、细菌和放线菌的种类和应用；生物防治机制的研究进展，主要是抗生作用、重寄生、竞争作用等生防机制的研究进展；生物防治中存在的问题和对策，包括高效生防菌株缺乏、生防菌定殖能力差和生防菌的抗药能力差等5个方面的问题及相应的对策。     

南海红树林内源真菌2534号代谢产物的研究

从南海红树林内源真菌2534号分离到8个化合物，其中的6个化合物的结构通过分析波谱数据鉴定出来，其中环（苯丙-苯丙）二肽是首次从海洋真菌分离得到。     

南海红树林内生真菌1893代谢产物研究

对采自香港的红树林内生真菌（1893号）的代谢产物进行了研究。共分离得到10个化合物，其中5-对羟基苯乙基-2，4-咪唑烷二酮和尿囊素是首次从海洋真菌中分离得到，它们的结构通过IR，FABMS，NMR及2D-NMR得到确定。     

水稻主要有害真菌生物防治研究进展

水稻真菌病害是影响水稻高产的严重病害。生物防治是防治水稻病原真菌病害十分重要的途径。根据近几年国内外对水稻真菌病害生物防治的研究情况,主要综述了水稻主要真菌病害生物防治过程中生防菌的种类和应用,包括真菌、细菌和放线菌的种类和应用及生物防治中存在的问题。     

我国用材林主要真菌病害致病机制及内生菌对病害的生防作用

我国人工林面积居世界首位,但木材人均消费量仅为发达国家的1/5,木材对外依存度接近50%。用材林对我国木材安全、生态安全、森林碳汇和绿色发展具有重要意义,但用材林树种单一、生物多样性水平较低,林分结构简单,生物灾害频发,其中真菌病害已成为我国用材林的主要生物灾害。笔者围绕我国用材林树种重要真菌病害的致病机制和绿色防控等科学问题,综述了我国主要用材林树种的重要真菌病害种类、危害特点、病原致病分子机制和内生菌防治病害等方面的研究进展,并对未来用材林重要真菌病害的流行监测、病原-寄主互作、病害的栽培管理与可持续绿色防控等综合防控策略等进行了展望。     

南海海洋红树林种子内生真菌2508号多糖G-22a的研究

从南海海洋红树林种子内生真菌2508号的菌体中提取到多糖G-22a，通过酸水解及GC／MS研究表明，G-22a由鼠李糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖及少量的木糖、核糖醇组成。     

南海红树林内生真菌Gx-3a代谢产物研究

采用反复硅胶柱色谱法和Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱法分离纯化南海红树林内生真菌Gx-3a的代谢产物,并通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定其化学结构.结果从南海红树林内生真菌Gx-3a的菌体中分离得到4个代谢产物:ditryptophenaline(1),3-hydroxy-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-tetrahydro-2 H-pyran-2-yl)benzoic acid (2),(E)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(prop-1-enyl) cyclopent-2-enone(3),3,6-di-sec-butyl-1,4-dihy Droxypiperazine-2,5-dione(4),化合物1对口腔癌细胞KB,KBv200的抗肿瘤活性值分别为8.0和12.0 μmol/ml.4个化合物均首次从南海红树林内生真菌Gx-3a中分离得到.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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