陶瓷涂层/GH202合金界面显微组织的演化

航天发动机工作时,要求燃气通道内表面具有优越的抗高温、抗氧化性能和良好的机械性能.作者在GH202合金制备的火箭发动机关键零件表面加涂高温无机涂层,并通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析及硬度测试,观察和分析了涂层/GH202合金界面显微组织的演化.研究结果表明GH202合金表面高温无机涂层经历了1000℃25℃的50次热循环后,涂层无崩裂、脱落现象,涂层与基体结合牢固,性能良好.在1000℃时的扩散退火过程中,合金中的Cr元素向涂层/基体合金界面扩散,在涂层一侧形成富Cr元素的化合物层,在基体一侧形成富Ti,Al元素的晶间氧化物层;涂层中主要元素Si向金属基体中扩散.为提高涂层与基体合金的结合强度以及涂层的热腐蚀性能提供了依据.     

钴基合金电弧离子镀NiCrAlY涂层的组织结构和抗氧化性能

采用电弧离子镀方法在Co基高温合金K640基体上制备NiCrAlY涂层,研究电弧离子镀涂层和真空退火后涂层的形貌、相结构及抗氧化性能。研究结果表明:电弧离子镀NiCrAlY涂层主要由γ-Ni,γ′-AlNi3和β-NiAl等相组成,衍射峰明显宽化,元素分布均匀;真空退火后涂层组织更致密,衍射峰尖锐,涂层主要由γ-Ni,γ′-AlNi3,β-NiAl,α-Cr以及极少量的Cr23C6组成,元素分布不均匀,Al和Y向涂层表面富集,Cr富集在涂层与基体界面附近。真空热处理可使电弧离子镀NiCrAlY涂层表面生成粘附性良好的α-Al2O3氧化膜,提高了电弧离子镀NiCrAlY涂层的抗氧化性能。     

扩散连接Al/Ni/0Cr18Ni9Ti复合材料的界面组织

选取纯Ni箔作过渡层,采用真空热压扩散工艺,在加热温度480℃、压力10 MPa、真空度1.0×10-2Pa的工艺条件下,制备了变形铝合金2024和不锈钢0Cr18Ni9Ti双金属复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度仪等测试分析方法,对双金属复合材料的2个连接界面及基体进行了组织、性能分析.结果表明:不锈钢/纯Ni界面形成了宽约8μm的互扩散区,但其过渡区无金属间化合物生成;Al/Ni界面生成了宽约4μm的扩散过渡区,过渡区的相组成为金属间化合物Al3Ni2、Al3Ni及Al3Ni5.     

扩散阻挡层对NiCrAlYSi涂层不同条件下热腐蚀行为的影响

利用电弧离子镀技术在DSM11合金基体上制备含或不含扩散阻挡层(diffusion barrier,DB)的Ni Cr Al YSi涂层,对比研究2种涂层在900℃恒温热腐蚀行为和从900℃到室温的循环热腐蚀行为(表面混合盐质量分数为75%Na2SO4+25%K2SO4)。研究结果表明:在恒温热腐蚀条件下,含或不含扩散阻挡层的Ni Cr Al YSi涂层表面主要生成了α-Al2O3和γ/γ′相;腐蚀100 h后,Ni Cr Al YSi涂层出现了较多的Kirkendall孔洞,基体与涂层元素的互扩散明显。Ni Cr Al YSi/DB涂层的扩散阻挡层可有效地抑止基体与涂层的元素互扩散,防护效果比单一Ni Cr Al YSi涂层的效果好。在循环热腐蚀条件下,含或不含扩散阻挡层的Ni Cr Al YSi涂层表面主要生成α-Al2O3、尖晶石、Ti O2和γ/γ′相;腐蚀100 h后,Ni Cr Al YSi涂层内氧化和内硫化现象严重,Ni Cr Al YSi/DB涂层的扩散阻挡层界面易开裂,影响扩散阻挡层的效力,导致涂层体系比单一Ni Cr Al YSi涂层更快失效。     

溅射Ni16Cr2.5Al微晶涂层及其氧化行为

NiCrAl是NiCrAlY型包覆涂层的主要成分,对NiCrAl涂层的沉积形态及其氧化行为的研究具有重要科学意义.磁控溅射在不锈钢Fe18Cr9Ni0.1Ti基体上制备出Ni16Cr2.5Al微晶涂层(基体分倾斜45 和竖直90 两种方式悬挂),使用SEM/EDAX,X ray,对Ni16Cr2.5Al微晶涂层及其氧化膜进行了分析,以探索高温合金用涂层形成及其氧化膜形成机制.     

等离子喷涂NiCrAl/ZrO2过渡层对FeCrAl/γ-Al2O3结合性能的影响

为改善催化剂中 γ-Al2 O3 分散层与 Fe Cr Al基体的结合力 ,采用等离子喷涂技术在合金表面制备了 Ni Cr Al/Zr O2 混合涂层作为过渡层。利用 X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和电子探针仪 ,研究了 10 73 K氧化后过渡层的变化 ,并考察了超声振动和热冲击后涂层的剥落情况。结果表明 ,过渡层表面相主要是 Ni和 Zr O2 ;内部组织包括喷涂材料层、氧化物夹杂、孔洞及未熔融颗粒 ;与基体为冶金结合。随着高温氧化时间增加 ,过渡层表面 Ni O晶粒增多并长大 ;内部发生了合金元素互扩散 ;界面处 Ni,Al含量明显增加。这种表面预处理形成了粗糙多孔的过渡层 ,提高了氧化铝分散层与金属基体的粘结力 ,并缓解了界面处的热应力     

低压等离子喷涂NiCOCrAlYTa涂层的组织结构及抗氧化性能

采用低压等离子喷涂在Co基高温合金K640基体上制备NiCoCrAlYTa涂层,通过XRD,SEM和EDS等方法研究低压等离子喷涂涂层和真空退火后涂层的形貌、相结构及抗氧化性能.研究结果表明:低压等离子喷涂涂层主要由γ-Ni,γ'-AlNi3和极少量的β-NiAl等相组成,元素分布均匀,涂层为典型的片层状结构,沉积界面处存在少量孔洞:真空退火处理过程促进了β-NiAl相的析出,衍射峰尖锐,元素分布不均匀,Al和Y向涂层表面扩散,Cr富集于涂层与基体的界面处;真空热处理涂层表面在氧化初期形成较多孔洞,导致涂层抗氧化能力降低.     

扩散连接Al／Ni／0Crl8Ni9Ti复合材料的界面组织

选取纯Ni箔作过渡层，采用真空热压扩散工艺，在加热温度480℃、压力10MPa、真空度1．0×10^-21Pa的工艺条件下，制备了变形铝合金2024和不锈钢0Crl8 Ni9Ti双金属复合材料．利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度仪等测试分析方法，对双金属复合材料的2个连接界面及基体进行了组织、性能分析．结果表明：不锈钢／纯Ni界面形成了宽约8μm的互扩散区，但其过渡区无金属间化合物生成；Al／Ni界面生成了宽约4μm的扩散过渡区，过渡区的相组成为金属间化合物Al3Ni2、Al3Ni及Al3Ni5．     

铝合金表面机械球磨Ni-Al-Mo复合涂层的制备及其摩擦特性研究

通过机械球磨方法在铝合金表面制备了Ni-Al-Mo复合涂层,对涂层微观组织、组成成分和摩擦学性能等进行了分析.结果表明:经过7 h机械球磨制备的Ni-Al-Mo复合涂层内元素均匀分布;550℃退火后涂层中均有Al3 Ni金属间化合物新相生成;复合涂层中Al3 Ni和Mo的存在使得涂层硬度高于铝合金基体和Ni-Al涂层,...     

Mo-Si-Al系金属化合物的制备及其高温抗氧化性能

Mo-Si系金属化合物因具有良好的高温抗氧化性而备受瞩目,但是其在高温环境下缺乏抗蠕变性能,在500℃左右就会发生加速氧化现象,使其应用受到限制。本研究利用熔射涂层法,将Al-Si混合物熔覆于基体金属Mo表面,并置于700~1 100℃真空状态下进行扩散反应,成功地在金属Mo表面制备出Mo(Si,Al)2金属间化合物层。将表层进行了Mo(Si,Al)2涂层的样品在大气中1 200℃进行10 h高温氧化试验,Mo(Si,Al)2涂层表现出良好的高温抗氧化性。另外,由于空气中氧元素与化合物层中Al、Si元素反应后形成Al2O3、Si O2,造成化合物层表面Al元素含量降低,而出现了Mo5Si3、Mo Si2化合物层。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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