基于风险偏好的PPP项目风险分担的三方博弈模型

PPP项目有关参与方合作的博弈模型分为可单方承担的静态模型和多方共担的动态博弈模型。在两个主体的动态博弈模型和三个主体的静态博弈模型的文献分析基础上,建立三个主体的动态博弈模型,并给出了风险偏好与风险分担比例之间的关系式。数值模拟表明,该模型与"风险偏好越大承担风险越多报酬越多"等定性结论一致,还给出了使项目达到最优时的风险分担比例。     

三级供应链合作博弈分析

建立了由供应商、制造商、分销商构成的三级供应链上的合作博弈模型,求出了合作博弈模型下各参与人的期望收益——Shapley值,引入Shapley值不确定性的概念,对参与人收益的风险进行了计算。通过与非合作情况进行对比,探讨了不同参与人收益及风险的情况,分析了合作条件下分配方式的合理性。     

基于合作博弈的流动人口社会保障多方利益分析

流动人口参保率低问题的主要原因是社会保障利益分配不均,但流入地、流出地、流动人口三者的社会保障外部性收益存在一致性.Shapley值法作为一种多方合作博弈的最优求解方法,强调基于成员贡献程度进行分配.考虑三方风险承担不对称性,引入了风险补偿因子,对各方社会保障利益函数进行了修正.通过数值算例求解结果表明,Shapley值法分配使得合作的三方利益都有增加,而风险担当较少的流入地对流出地和流动人口的风险补偿更体现了分配的公平,并有利于促进流动人口参保的积极性.     

风险偏好下GRA Shapley值修正的PPP项目风险分担

引入风险偏好因素，建立由风险偏好和风险管控能力两个维度组成的PPP(public private partnership)项目风险分担评价指标体系，并结合灰色关联分析与修正后的Shapley值法，确定风险承担主体与风险共担时的分担比例。研究表明，风险偏好的引入，有利于PPP项目决策的合理化。政府部门不仅要重视社会资本对风险的管控能力，也要关注社会资本的风险偏好。对于参与者有偏好、有能力控制的风险，可将风险分配给最佳单一主体承担；对于参与者具有不合理承担意愿，但具有控制能力的风险，可采用政府与社会资本共担的模式，亦可通过风险补偿机制将其转化为单一主体承担；对于参与者既没有承担意愿，也没有控制能力的风险，可采用风险共担模式。政府部门与社会资本的共担比例可利用修正后的Shapley值求得。     

具有模糊联盟值的n人合作博弈的模糊Shapley值

利用模糊集表现定理对具有模糊联盟值的n人合作博弈的模糊Shapley值重新进行研究.定义了具有模糊联盟值的n人合作博弈的α-博弈,并给出了其Shapley值定义及表达式.通过研究所有α-博弈的Shapley值之间的关系,验证了所有α-博弈的Shapley值构成一个集合套.利用模糊集表现定理和α-博弈Shapley值,定义了具有模糊联盟值的n人合作博弈的模糊Shapley值.实例研究表明,具有模糊联盟值的n人合作博弈的模糊Shapley值的有效性.     

基于合作博弈理论的汽车概念设计优化方法

将质量功能展开(QFD)与合作博弈理论相结合,提出一种汽车产品顾客满意度和成本优化设计的新方法.该方法主要包括:通过市场调查和QFD分析,获取顾客需求并转化为技术需求,建立顾客满意度水平评价模型;再通过确定博弈方、博弈效用和博弈策略分组,将顾客满意度和成本的多目标优化问题转化为合作博弈理论模型;然后采用联盟博弈的Shapley值法求解最优值.最后,通过某汽车车门开发示例计算与传统方法进行对比,验证了本文所提出方法的有效性.     

政府调控下文旅景区文化消费效用水平激励机制研究

基于微分博弈模型，以Nash非合作博弈、文化服务成本分担的Stackelberg博弈和协同合作博弈，分别刻画政府与文旅景区不同合作情形，求解3种情形下的均衡策略、文化消费效用随时间变化的最优轨迹，以及文化服务成本分担策略下政府的最优补贴比例.研究发现：(1)在一定条件下，成本分担契约可以改善文化消费效用水平.(2)对景区门票、文创产品定价过高或过低均不利于文化消费效用水平的改善.(3)Stackelberg博弈下政府的最优收益高于Nash非合作博弈下政府的最优收益.(4)文旅景区收益上交给政府比例较小时，Nash非合作博弈下文旅景区的最优收益高于Stackelberg博弈下文旅景区的最优收益.(5)文旅景区收益上交给政府比例较大时，Stackelberg博弈下文旅景区的最优收益高于Nash非合作博弈下文旅景区的最优收益.     

河道洪水风险分担的合作博弈

从合作博弈的角度和控制全局损失出发研究了同一流域各利益主体的洪水损失分担问题。假设有多个代理人沿河而居,若代理人之间采取合作,则可能改善洪灾的时空分布,减少总的损失,提高社会福利。因此探讨了该合作博弈的基础——核的特征以及核分配,给出了具体的风险分担方式和子博弈精炼实施方法及最优安全流量的表达式。     

我国廉租房PPP模式风险分担分析——基于马科维茨模型

本文通过对廉租房项目PPP模式的风险进行识别分析,采用马科维茨模型对廉租房项目PPP模式的风险分担进行量化分析,并结合行为经济学的相关理论,放宽模型的的约束条件,最后得出接近实际建设和应用的廉租房项目PPP模式风险分担模型。     

考虑风险偏好的Stackelberg博弈模型及其在PPP项目中的数值求解

研究考虑风险偏好的Stackelberg博弈模型和均衡策略,针对公私合作制(PPP)项目补偿决策问题,根据前后补偿的特点,建立相应的补偿策略数学模型.分别进行集中决策和分散决策分析,得出PPP项目的最优补偿方案.通过数值分析比较和分析私人风险厌恶对于PPP补偿机制的影响.研究表明:私人投资者风险厌恶会导致政府方补偿成本增加,期望收益减少;私人投资者风险厌恶程度会影响补偿的配置方式,厌恶程度越低越倾向单一补偿,厌恶程度越高越倾向混合补偿.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with